Hello brother Mark, some comments from God's WORD for your consideration.
What's interesting in your post is what you don't mention, should observing the Sabbath be enforced under the pain of death to all who work on the seventh day?
Brother, why would I need to mention the Sabbath should be enforced under the pain of death to all who work on the seventh day? Your question was in relation to there being many different types of Sabbath and which one isthe right one wasn't it? These are new questions in this post which where not related to the last post. Let's have a look at them however using God's WORD as our guide.
Under the OLD COVENANT and the CIVIL LAWS of ISRAEL, if anyone openly broke ANY of God's 10 commandments *EXODUS 20:1-17 they were put to death. For example the under the MOSAIC CIVIL laws from the BOOK of the COVENANT *EXODUS 24:7 the DEATH penalty for open sin included...
1st Commandment * EXODUS 20:3; DEUTERONOMY 17:1-5; 14:6-10; EXODUS 22:20
2nd Commandment * EXODUS 20:4; DEUTERONOMY 27:15
3rd Commandment * EXODUS 20:7; LEVITICUS 24:16
4th Commandment * EXODUS 31:14; NUMBERS 15:32-36;
5th Commandment * EXODUS 20:12; EXODUS 21:15-17);
6th Commandment * EXODUS 20:13; LEVITICUS 24:17; NUMBERS 35:31-33);
7th Commandment * EXODUS 20:14; LEVITICUS 20:10; JOHN 8:3-5) etc.
8th Commandment * EXODUS 21:16 (kidnapping)
9th Commandment * DEUTERONOMY 19:15-21
10th Commandment * (not done openly)
This was to teach God's people something that we are also taught under the NEW COVENANT
That is the WAGES OF SIN (breaking any of God's Commandments *JAMES 2:10-11; 1 JOHN 3:4) is DEATH *ROMANS 6:23.
Today the penalty is the same. If we break any one of God's 10 Commandments we stand guilty before God of SIN and the wages of SIN is DEATH for all those who reject the gift of God's dear son and continue in KNOWN UNREPENTANT sin *HEBREWS 10:26-27. The only difference today is that the execution of the DEATH penalty is at the second coming *REVELATION 22:12; ISAIAH 13:11; EZEKIEL 18:20-23; ECCLESIASTES 8:11; PSALMS 37:38
No mention of why God had a Sabbath in the first place, it was a symbolic 'sign' between God and the children of Israel commemorating the six days of creation
That is not true brother. This is also answered in the 4th commandment itself and the very words of JESUS let's take a look at what God's WORD says...
Q1. WHY DID GOD MAKE THE SABBATH?
MARK 2:27 And he [JESUS] said to them, THE SABBATH WAS MADE FOR MAN, and not man for the sabbath:
A1. JESUS says the reason why the SABBATH was made was for mankind.
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Q2. WHY DID JESUS MAKE THE SABBATH FOR MANKIND?
EXODUS 20:8-11
[8], REMEMBER the SABBATH DAY, to KEEP IT HOLY. <Why?> Because God made it Holy for mankind and commands us to keep it as a Holy day)
[9], Six days shalt thou labor, and do all thy work:
[10], But the
SEVENTH DAY IS THE SABBATH of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates: <WHY>
[11], For in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the
SEVENTH DAY: wherefore the LORD BLESSED THE SABBATH, and HALLOWED IT.
Verse 11 especially also links back to the SABBATH in the creation week. Let's have a look.
GENESIS 2:1-3
[1], Thus the heavens and the earth WERE FINISHED, and all the host of them.
[2], And on the
SEVENTH DAY GOD ENDED HIS WORK which he had made; and
HE RESTED ON THE SEVENTH DAY from all his work which he had made.
[3], And
GOD BLESSED THE SEVENTH DAY, AND SANCTIFIED IT [set apart and made HOLY]: BECAUSE HE HAD RESTED FROM ALL HIS WORK WHICH GOD HAD CREATED AND MADE.
A2. JESUS made the SABBATH for MANKIND as a MEMORIAL of CREATION and BLESSED, MADE IT A CONTINUAL HOLY DAY and commands his people to REMEBER the SEVENTH DAY and the GOD of creation and to KEEP this day as a HOLY DAY. We are to REST as GOD rested. NO WORK or BUSINESS is to be done on the SEVENTH DAY of the week.
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Q3. WHAT IS THE ORIGIN OF ISRAEL?
Origin of ISRAEL and the twelve tribes.
The promise of God was given to Abraham that his descendance would be as the sand of the sea or start of heaven *GENESIS 22:15-18. Jacob a descendant of Abraham being 2nd born received the birth right from Esau *GENESIS 25:31. God’s promise to Abraham was to be fulfilled through Abrahams descendant Jacob *GENESIS 32:11-12. Jacon on his way to meet Esau wrestles with God and God blesses him and changes his name to ISRAEL *GENESIS 32:24-28.
The name ISRAEL is only a name given by God himself to represent his people. The origin of the name "Israel" come from
Genesis 32:28 where Jacob wrestled with the Angel and prevailed ...for as a prince hast thou power with God and with men, and hast prevailed. Its meaning is his posterity will rule as God. Jacob (now named ISRAEL) had 12 sons representing the 12 sons or tribes of Israel *GENESIS 35:22-26. From here we see that God's NEW COVENANT promise was to ABRAHAMS decendents who GOD calls ISRAEL *JEREMIAH 31:31-34 which is also repeated here as the NEW COVENANT promise *HEBREWS 8:7-12 to ISRAEL (God's people). So the NEW COVENANT promise is to ISRAEL.
Now let's look at the meaning of the name that God gave to his people. The name "
ISRAEL" ישׂראל; yiśrâ'êl means; "
HE WILL RULE WITH GOD" God gave this name to his people and it means that they shall rule with God. Take a look at the following scriptures from REVELATION speaking of God's people.
REVELATION 1:5-6
[5], And from Jesus Christ, who is the faithful witness, and the first begotten of the dead, and the prince of the kings of the earth. To him that loved us, and washed us from our sins in his own blood, [6], And HAS MADE US KINGS AND PRIESTS TO GOD AND HIS FATHER; to him be glory and dominion for ever and ever. Amen.
and again...
REVELATION 5:10 And HAVE MADE US TO OUR GOD KINGS AND PRIESTS; AND WE SHALL REIGN ON THE EARTH.
Peter speaking of God's people says it this way...
1 PETER 2:9-10
[9], But you [God's people] are a chosen generation, A ROYAL PRIESTHOOD [KINGS AND PRIESTS], an holy nation, a peculiar people; that you should show forth the praises of him who has called you out of darkness into his marvelous light; [10], Which in time past were not a people, but are now the people of God: which had not obtained mercy, but now have obtained mercy.
Sound familar? "
ISRAEL" ישׂראל; yiśrâ'êl means; "
HE WILL RULE WITH GOD" WHY?
JESUS is our great HIGH PRIEST ministering on our behalf in the HEVENLY SANCTUARY *HEBREWS 4:14. JESUS is the KING of KINGS *REVELATIONS 17:14; 19:16
HE WILL RULE WITH GOD WHICH IS THE MEANING OF "ISRAEL" is the name given to all those who BELIEVE and FOLLOW God's WORD because JESUS will make them to rule with him as PRIESTS and KINGS.
Notice further, also in REVELATION 7:3-8 just before the judgements of God are poured out on the world God's people are sealed with God's Spirit and 144,000 come out of the 12 tribes of ISRAEL
REVELATION 7:3-8 [3], Saying,
Hurt not the earth, neither the sea, nor the trees, till we have sealed the servants of our God on their foreheads. [4], And I heard the number of them who were sealed: and there were sealed a hundred and forty and four thousand of all the tribes of the children of
ISRAEL. [5], Of the tribe of
JUDAH were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of
REUBEN were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of
GAD were sealed twelve thousand. [6], Of the tribe of
ASHER were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of
Naphtali were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of
MANESSAH were sealed twelve thousand. [7], Of the tribe of
SIMEON were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of
LEVI were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of
Issachar were sealed twelve thousand. [8], Of the tribe of
ZEBULON were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of JOSEPH were sealed twelve thousand. Of the tribe of
BENJAMIN were sealed twelve thousand.
A3. The ORIGIN of ISRAEL is a name that GOD gave to Jacob and his descendence. The meaning of the name ISRAEL mean that God's people "WILL RULE WITH GOD". JESUS is GOD *JOHN 1:1-4; 14. KING OF KING *REVELATIONS 17:14; 19:16 and our GREAT HIGH PRIEST *HEBREWS 4:14. God's ISRAEL meaning God's people will be KINGS and PRIESTS ruling with God *REVELATION 1:5-6; REVELATION 5:10; 1 PETER 2:9-10. The NEW COVENANT promise is to God's ISRAEL. If you are not a part of God's ISRAEL you have no part in the NEW COVENANT.
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Q4. WHO ARE GOD'S ISRAEL IN THE NEW COVENANT?
There is no such thing as Jew or Greek anymore. All who believe and follow God's Word are one in Christ. Israel in the OLD COVENANT were those from the seed of Abraham. In the NEW COVENANT, if you are in Christ then you are Abrahams seed and heirs according to the promise *GALATIANS 3:28-29. The children of the FLESH are not ISRAEL those who BELIEVE and FOLLOW the promises of God's WORD are ISREAL *ROMANS 9:6-8. God's ISRAEL are all those in CHRIST that have been given BORN AGAIN to have a NEW HEART according to the NEW COVENANT promise *HEBREWS 8:7-12; ROMANS 2:28-29. Under the NEW COVENANT all those who are in CHRIST are God's ISRAEL *COLOSSIANS 3:11; ROMANS 10:11-13. If you are not a part of God's ISRAEL you have no part in the NEW COVENANT *JEREMIAH 31:33-34; EZEKIEL 36:26-27; HEBREWS 8:7-12. Gentiles are now grafted in *ROMANS 11:13-27.
A4. God's ISRAEL (Those who will RULE WITH GOD) are all those in CHRIST who BELIEVE and FOLLOW God's WORD (the Church). If you are not a part of God's ISRAEL you have no part in the NEW COVENANT promise.
The King James translates the word you keep expressing as 'everlasting' as perpetual (H5769 עוֹלָם `owlam). properly,
concealed, i.e. the vanishing point; generally,
time out of mind (past or future), i.e. (practically)
eternity; frequentatively, adverbial (especially with prepositional prefix) always: (
Strong’s Dictionary H5769 עוֹלָם `owlam)
Perpetual means everlasting that is why you were provided multiple parallel translations. Notice in your reference meaning (emphasis added) the meaning of עוֹלָם `owlam is
eternity, or time out of mind. Concealed vanishing point does not say that eternity comes to an end or that time out of mind is known. This is the reason I provided multiple translations and also why scripture was provided showing that the Sabbath would be continued in the NEW EARTH.
New Living Translation
The people of Israel must keep the Sabbath day by observing it from generation to generation. This is a covenant obligation
for all time.
English Standard Version
Therefore the people of Israel shall keep the Sabbath, observing the Sabbath throughout their generations,
as a covenant forever.
New American Standard Bible
'So the sons of Israel shall observe the sabbath, to celebrate the sabbath throughout their generations as a
perpetual covenant.'
King James Bible
Wherefore the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath throughout their generations, for a
perpetual covenant.
Christian Standard Bible
The Israelites must observe the Sabbath, celebrating it throughout their generations as a
permanent covenant.
Douay-Rheims Bible
Let the children of Israel keep the sabbath, and celebrate it in their generations.
It is an everlasting covenant
Darby Bible Translation
And the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath throughout their generations -- [it is]
an everlasting covenant.
Now all of this links into the next key scripture as follows
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ISAIAH 66:22-23 [22], For as the
NEW HEAVENS AND THE NEW EARTH, which I will make, shall remain before me, says the LORD, so shall your descendants and your name remain. [23], And it shall come to pass, that from one new moon to another, and
FROM ONE SABBATH TO ANOTHER, shall all flesh come to worship before me, says the LORD.
The subtle point here is the vanishing point is concealed, this commandment is nowhere extended to the Gentiles in the New Testament.
AS has been shown above already this is a false statement as the word perpetual means eternity and as the scriptures also show in the previous section the Sabbath will be continued and kept in the NEW EARTH. All the parallel bible translations also shown disagree with your interpretation of the scriptures. Also as already shown above GOD'S ISRAEL under the NEW COVENANT are all those who BELIEVE and FOLLOW God's WORD. There are no longer any Gentiles we are all one in Christ. If you are not a part of God's ISRAEL you have no part in the NEW COVENANT *HEBREWS 8:10-12. Gentiles are grafted in *ROMANS 11:13-27
This is connected to the Sinai covenant which are shadows of the substance found in Christ (Col. 2:17, Hebrews 7:26-8:5, Hebrews 10:1).
Brother you are mixing up your SHADOW laws from the MOSAIC BOOK of the COVENANT *EXODUS 24:7 with GOD'S eternal LAW (10 commandments) that give us the KNOWLEDGE of GOOD and EVIL; SIN and RIGHTEOUSNESS * ROMANS 3:20; ROMANS 7:7; 1 JOHN 3:4; PSALMS 119:172. If you do not know what the OLD COVENANT was how can you understand what the NEW COVENANT is that it pointed to? The scripture references you provided are not to God's 10 commandments but to the Shadow laws of the MOSAIC BOOK of the COVANANT. Sorry brother God's WORD disagrees with you.
Detailed scripture support here showing why click me.
“The experience of ‘sabbath rest’ points to a present ‘rest’ ( katapausis ) reality in which those ‘who have believed are entering’ (4:3) and it points to a future ‘rest’ reality (4:11). Physical sabbath-keeping on the part of the new covenant believer as affirmed by ‘sabbath rest’ epitomizes cessation from ‘works’ (4:10) in commemoration of God’s rest at creation (4:4 = Genesis 2:2) and manifests faith in the salvation provided by Christ." “Hebrews 4:3-11 affirms that physical ‘sabbath rest’ ( sabbatismos ) is the weekly outward manifestation of the inner experience of spiritual rest ( katapausis ) in which the final … rest is … experienced already ‘today’ (4:7). Thus ‘sabbath rest’ combines in itself creation-commemoration, salvation-experience, and eschaton [end-time]-anticipation as the community of faith moves forward toward the final consummation of total restoration and rest" (Anchor Bible pp. 855-856).
I am not sure why you think I disagree with the above? None of the above says that God's Sabbath is no more. It is only saying that we can only enter into God's rest (the SABBATH) by believing and following God's WORD (believing the Gospel). As written above God's spiritual rest through the gospel affirms God's physical rest in the Sabbath. You cannot enter into God's pysical rest without entering into God's spiritual rest of believing and following God's WORD. I have always believed that no one enters into God's rest (the SABBATH) without first entering the spiritual rest of the Gospel (BELIEVING and FOLLOWING God's Word).
I think it's pretty obvious that you are confusing the shadow and the substance here.
Not really brother. I think it is the other way around as proven in this post through the Word of God. You have only been provided God's WORD brother. They are God's WORD not mine and they do indeed disagree with you. Something for you to pray about and to consider. You are free to believe as you wish as we all answer only to God come judgment day. That is why we are advised to work out our own salvation with fear and trembling. All those who continue in known unreptantant sin according to God's WORD will not enter into God's Kingdom. Only sent in all LOVE brother as a help.
May God bless brother as you as you seek him through his Word.