If we examine our universe there are a number of observations that must be consistently explained:
1. tidal effects on earth
2. moon's near side “locked' to earth
3. phases of the moon
4. retardation of the moon's 'rising'
5. seasons of the earth
6. seasonal 24 hour days and nights in the arctic and antarctic
7. coreolis effects on earth
8. Foucault's pendulum
9. precession of the earth's axis
10. apparent daily rotation of the "fixed stars" about the pole star
11. motion of the "wandering stars" (planets) including retrograde motion
12. earth-moon centre of gravity orbits
13. eclipses of the sun, moon and planets
14. northern and southern lights
15. meteors, asteroids and comets
16. moons and/or rings around other planets
17. there are certainly other effects that I have missed
1. tidal effects on earth- not due to gravity - why does the water remain on Earth if the moon attracts it by gravity? Why are lakes and inland water bodies miraculous unaffected by tides, if these are due to gravity.
2. moon's near side “locked' to earth - the moon is the light God created to govern the night. Heliocentricity relies on a lot of coincidences to explain why its far side never faces Earth. Why are parts of it transparent when its not full (you can see the sky and stars through it), and why don't NASA's photos correspond with this?
3. phases of the moon - not due to gravity - its the nature of its design.
4. retardation of the moon's 'rising' - this is also an issue for heliocentrists - movement of the heavenly bodies should be uniform according to the theory.
5. seasons of the earth - changes in diameter of sun's orbit. Sun is further from the North on a larger, faster diameter, and from the South on a smaller, slower diameter.
6. seasonal 24 hour days and nights in the arctic and antarctic - no valid proof of 24 hour days in the Antarctic (a single Youtube video that seems doctored doesn't count), and historical explorer diary entries speak of night time during periods where there should have been 24 hour days on a ball-Earth. Why is no one allowed there to check, except with government/military clearance? NASA is military.
7. coreolis effects on earth - No proof of such thing, and if there were, easily explained by motion of Heavens, rather than Earth.
8. Foucault's pendulum - No proof of such thing, and if there were, easily explained by motion of Heavens, rather than Earth.
9. precession of the earth's axis - Evidence suggests Earth is immobile.
10. apparent daily rotation of the "fixed stars" about the pole star - "Apparent" rotation of the stars about Polaris is actual rotation. The stars are fixed in the firmament, and the firmament moves. This is why the star configuration remains the same year to year, century to century.
11. motion of the "wandering stars" (planets) including retrograde motion - these stars are not-so-fixed in the firmament.
12. earth-moon centre of gravity orbits - if this is legitimate, I'd guess it applies to all Heavenly bodies.
13. eclipses of the sun, moon and planets - exactly what they look like - one Heavenly body moving in front of the other.
14. northern and southern lights - not sure, but I don't see how they are evidence for ball-Earth theory.
15. meteors, asteroids and comets - again not sure, but I don't see how they are evidence for ball-Earth theory. They could be just pieces of sky, and the comets could be similar to planets (wandering stars).
16. moons and/or rings around other planets - as God made them, but not evidence for ball-Earth theory.
17. there are certainly other effects that I have missed - and easily explanable as not evidence for ball-Earth theory.
Note that most of your "proofs" rely on the behaviour of Heavenly bodies, which we don't have direct access to. There are definitely many aspects of Heaven'y bodies which we do not know. However, just because we don't have a just-so story for this behaviour doesn't make Earth to be a ball. The evidence we can test here on Earth (lighthouse visual distances, no correction for curvature for materials for large civil engineering projects, inability to measure movement of Earth) does suggest Earth is flat, irrespective of the workings of the Heavens.
In Old Testament times it is certainly true that they regarded the earth as flat in a three tiered universe --- flat with a sky-dome (the firmament) overhead. Just like the rapture theory and the trinity theory, the flat earth worldview is nowhere stated explicitly but it is alluded to in many places. There are also many old testament and even a few new testament stories that are only to be understood in a flat earth context. Generally this flat earth was regarded as circular but we are in places told that it has four corners and is supported by pillars and that there are storehouses for the snow and hail.
Agreed. And let God be true, and every man a liar.[/QUOTE]