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I John 2:19 as quoted in the ESV
“They went out from us, but they were not of us; for if they had been of us, they would have continued with us. But they went out, that it might become plain that they all are not of us.”
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Whether or not a believer can commit apostasy is a red hot issue. 1 John 2:19 is one of those “go to” texts for those believe in Eternal Security….meaning a believer cannot fall away from the Christian faith. There are basically three options 1 John 2:19 presents:
Exegesis:
The wider context indicates that vs. 19 sandwiched between two verses that describe the antichrist (with a small a).
We divide vs. 19 into four parts of which 19b gives us the all important ἦσαν which is the interpretive key to this verse.
19b. We focus now on the verb “they were not of us” which in the Greek text is ἦσαν. This NT word is in the imperfect tense and is very common. For those who can’t remember their high school or college grammar, here are some definitions of the imperfect tense, I have gathered from the internet:
19c. for if they had been of us, they would have continued with us. John repeats the same usage of ἦσαν meaning for if the antichrists had continually and repeatedly been with the local churches (ἦσαν) in the past, they would have continued with the local church. This is evangelism. John has no fear of these antichrists and is optimistic some would be converted. John uses μεμενήκεισαν (had remained) is pluperfect which indicates a past action whose results are no longer in effect. There is no question had evangelism taken place, some of these antichrists would be converted and separated from this false teaching. They would be apart of the church or as John writes “they would be continued to be with us.” But this was never to happen. Why?
19a. They went out from us. These antichrists for some reason left the region around Ephesus. This is natural. We know from our witnessing and preaching, the Word goes out which brings about faith, repentance and baptism or the unbeliever walks away. Perhaps some evangelism did occur with these antichrists, was rejected and they departed the region.
19d. But they went out, that it might become plain that they all are not of us. This is a repetition from 19a. The structure of just vs. 19 would be A-B-C-A. When John states “but they went out” he emphasizing the antichristian teaching is no longer present nor a threat. John is probably addressing an unknown historical issue these antichrists had with the young churches. He is assuring his readers the situation with these false teachers is over, they did not influence the church, while at the same time, distancing himself and the congregation from their false teaching.
“They went out from us, but they were not of us; for if they had been of us, they would have continued with us. But they went out, that it might become plain that they all are not of us.”
*********
Whether or not a believer can commit apostasy is a red hot issue. 1 John 2:19 is one of those “go to” texts for those believe in Eternal Security….meaning a believer cannot fall away from the Christian faith. There are basically three options 1 John 2:19 presents:
- A believer can commit apostasy.
- A believer cannot commit apostasy. This text deals with a person with a counterfeit faith.
- This text is not about apostasy nor a counterfeit faith, therefore the first two options are moot.
Exegesis:
The wider context indicates that vs. 19 sandwiched between two verses that describe the antichrist (with a small a).
- Vs. 18. speaks of MANY antichrists that have already come.
- Vs. 19 states “They went out from us, but they were not of us;
- Vs. 22 defines what the antichrist believes. “This is the antichrist, he who denies the Father and the Son.”
We divide vs. 19 into four parts of which 19b gives us the all important ἦσαν which is the interpretive key to this verse.
- 19a. They went out from us
- 19b. but they were not of us.
- 19c. for if they had been of us, they would have continued with us.
- 19d. But they went out, that it might become plain that they all are not of us.
19b. We focus now on the verb “they were not of us” which in the Greek text is ἦσαν. This NT word is in the imperfect tense and is very common. For those who can’t remember their high school or college grammar, here are some definitions of the imperfect tense, I have gathered from the internet:
- The imperfect tense describes past actions or states that were ongoing, habitual, or in progress.
- When discussing events that occurred numerous times in the past, the imperfect tense can be effectively utilized.
- In cases where an action was taking place over an extended duration in the past, the imperfect tense is ideal for illustrating the continuity of the action.
- Imperfect always describes something that is continued, repeated or habitual in the past. Shows continual action.
- These antichrists were continually not with them in the past.
- These antichrists were not habitually or repeatedly within the local churches in the past.
- These antichrists were never apart of the local congregation in the past.
19c. for if they had been of us, they would have continued with us. John repeats the same usage of ἦσαν meaning for if the antichrists had continually and repeatedly been with the local churches (ἦσαν) in the past, they would have continued with the local church. This is evangelism. John has no fear of these antichrists and is optimistic some would be converted. John uses μεμενήκεισαν (had remained) is pluperfect which indicates a past action whose results are no longer in effect. There is no question had evangelism taken place, some of these antichrists would be converted and separated from this false teaching. They would be apart of the church or as John writes “they would be continued to be with us.” But this was never to happen. Why?
19a. They went out from us. These antichrists for some reason left the region around Ephesus. This is natural. We know from our witnessing and preaching, the Word goes out which brings about faith, repentance and baptism or the unbeliever walks away. Perhaps some evangelism did occur with these antichrists, was rejected and they departed the region.
19d. But they went out, that it might become plain that they all are not of us. This is a repetition from 19a. The structure of just vs. 19 would be A-B-C-A. When John states “but they went out” he emphasizing the antichristian teaching is no longer present nor a threat. John is probably addressing an unknown historical issue these antichrists had with the young churches. He is assuring his readers the situation with these false teachers is over, they did not influence the church, while at the same time, distancing himself and the congregation from their false teaching.
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