We adopted from China in 2006, a nineteen month old girl who had been born with cleft lip, so she was considered to have special needs.
On the naming issue: We added an American name as her first name, which I sometimes regret, but kept her Chinese name as a middle name. When she's older, she'll know she has the option to choose which she prefers, and we'll respect that. We live in a multi-ethnic environment, and we home school, so her having a Chinese name wouldn't have been an issue. Our thinking of the time was that the orphanage director just assigned her a name, last name based on what part of the city she came from, first name two characters of her choice, so it wasn't a name her parents gave her. She was found with no note. We also thought she'd be young enough to adjust to a new name, and when we met her, she didn't answer to her Chinese name at all, or the nickname version of it. She was in foster care, and we suspect the foster parents gave her a name they chose. Unfortunately, we weren't permitted to meet or have contact with them on the orders of the orphanage director. Each orphanage/CWI has their own rules, but some encourage a meeting to help the child transition. We're currently adopting a 3 year old boy who had been born with cleft lip and palate. We're not changing his name, because he's older, has been in the custody of the orphanage his entire life, and he was found with a note so the first name might have come from his parents. Last name was assigned as per CWI custom in his province. We'll add an English name as his middle name.
On acculturation: Our first agency has a reunion every year, and there are good number of families who have adopted when China re-opened to international adoption (1994). The kids seem to have adjusted well, though some of them express quite clearly they get tired of their parents always pushing "Chinese stuff" on them. They seem like your average native born US kids.
Why we adopted from China: The state controls the process. It's fairly transparent. There are few surprises as with other countries (Kazakhstan, Russia, any former Soviet Republic, Guatemala). We attempted an adoption from Kazakhstan, and after a month in country ended up coming home without a child. It was a very bad situation, and because there is so little government oversight, you're at the hands of "independent contractors" the adoption agency hires, but won't take responsibility for. I know there has been a horrible slowdown in the China process, even in special needs programs. However, I think from my experience and research, that it's a far safer program due to the strong hand of the government. They are trying to encourage domestic adoption, however, but at the same time, they're also opening new orphanages to international adoption. I would recommend any country where the central government oversees the process closely, rather than leaving it in the hands of lawyers, facilitators, etc. India and Ehtiopia are two tightly run, government involved programs along with China. I hear Thailand is similar, but haven't looked too far into it, though our agency does work there.
I suspect after the Olympics the timeline will speed up. It seems that they might be concentrating governmental resources on getting up to speed for 2008, and other parts of the government are suffering. But I'm probably totally wrong on that, just a guess. When we started our process for our daughter, the wait to be referred a healthy infant was 6 months. Now, it's nearly 2 years.
Praying for all of your who are in the process that your child will come home soon.
Sorry for the wordy response.