How many did Jesus say He would draw to Himself?
Unless John is wasting expensive parchment, Jesus is excluding people the Father does not draw.
According to Jesus, to how many is it granted to come to Jesus, and on what terms?
Again, Jesus is excluding people the Father does not give to come to Him.
Jesus is not saying nothing.
This pertains to the choice of Jacob instead of Esau to receive the birthright. It so states.
Paul is using this as an argument for the non-salvation of Israel. It states the following:
For I could wish that I myself were accursed and cut off from Christ for the sake of my brothers, my kinsmen according to the flesh. Rom 9:3
Paul is not so shallow that he wants Israel reinstated as God's earthly kingdom, and is willing to give up his relationship with Christ for it.
This means that it is not the children of the flesh who are the children of God, but the children of the promise are counted as offspring. Rom 9:8
This is the point he's going to support with Isaac and Jacob as examples. His point is God's choice in salvation, illustrated by God's choice in other cases. But Paul's been over who these promised children are, before in this letter.
That is why it depends on faith, in order that the promise may rest on grace and be guaranteed to all his offspringnot only to the adherent of the law but also to the one who shares the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all Rom 4:16
Paul's theology hasn't changed in five chapters. This broad point is clear from Paul's examples, too. They're not all Hebrews that God hardens. Paul shows this is his point first with Pharaoh, and then with the nations in 9:24 and 9:30.
According to THIS SCRIPTURE, to how many is the calling offered?
ok, that's a wierd way of putting it. I'm being limited by this Scripture? It was to "us", essentially Timothy and Paul.
Romans 9:24 already points out people among the nations and among the Jewish nation are also called.
This, once again, speaks of Israel as God's covenant people, rather than salvation. It speaks of that calling. According to Paul in this chapter, what obstacles arose to the calling being carried out?
Paul declares the
salvation of Israel in context and supports his assertion with the election of Israel:
Lest you be wise in your own sight, I want you to understand this mystery, brothers: a partial hardening has come upon Israel, until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in. And in this way all Israel will be saved, as it is written,
"The Deliverer will come from Zion,
he will banish ungodliness from Jacob";
"and this will be my covenant with them
when I take away their sins."
As regards the gospel, they are enemies of God for your sake. But as regards election, they are beloved for the sake of their forefathers. For the gifts and the calling of God are irrevocable. For just as you were at one time disobedient to God but now have received mercy because of their disobedience, so they too have now been disobedient in order that by the mercy shown to you they also may now receive mercy. For God has consigned all to disobedience, that he may have mercy on all. Rom 10:25-32
Paul hasn't jumped to another subject in :28. He's nowhere near cinching his argument that "all Israel will be saved" with only that supporting verse I removed.