Foetuses dead in the womb and foetuses suffering a number of mutations making them non-viable outside the womb.
Actually, often the stance is that it healthier for the mother physically to carry a dead baby to term and let her go into labor naturally. However, psychologically, it is torture to many mothers so they would simply induce labor and deliver it naturally. However, you can't kill something that is already dead so it isn't an abortion. And how is having a living but non-viable baby dangerous to the mother's health. The normal route would be to either let her go into labor naturally or induce labor. After being born, the baby can be assessed to see if it is viable. The parents are often given the chance to love their baby and cuddle he/she until she dies in their arms...or have the doctors attempt to save the baby.
For example:
No abortion is necessary in either of your examples and the mother's health is not at risk. Try again, I guess. I say there is zero reasons for a late term abortion except to kill a baby that is going to inconvenience the parent. This would be no different than intentionally killing a late term preemie who was born.
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