Missing out on the stock market's winning days can hurt you in the long run. When the stock market gets scary, it may be better for investors to close their eyes than to run away.
The market has been especially volatile in response to the tariff news coming out of the White House. Markets plunged after President Donald Trump announced sweeping new tariffs on April 2, jumped dramatically after news of a 90-day pause on some of those tariffs, and saw large intraday swings as investors tried to digest what exactly was going on with economic policy.
All of this chaos underlined something that is historically true for the stock market - the sharpest percentage drops and largest percentage gains are often not far apart. For that reason, walking away from the market after a big drop could mean missing out on the market's best days.
Investors got to experience this firsthand when the S&P 500 SPX fell around 6% on April 4, then bounced 9.5% on April 9.
This happens more often than not. Wells Fargo Investment Institute mapped out the 30 best days and the 30 worst days for the S&P 500 over the past 30 years. It found that the largest percentage gains and the largest percentage losses often happened in quick succession. Wells Fargo also showed that some of the best days for the stock market occurred during bear markets or recessions, when stocks were on a downward trend - or recovering from one.
"Disentangling the best and worst days can be quite difficult, history suggests, since they have often occurred in a very tight time frame, sometimes even on consecutive trading days. In our view, these findings argue strongly for most investors to remain invested in equity markets, even during periods of high volatility," Wells Fargo strategists said in a note.
It can be hard to invest through these periods of high volatility, but that's exactly what investors should be doing, said Alex Michalka, the head of investment strategy at Wealthfront.
"If investors are sitting on uninvested cash to avoid market volatility, or because they're looking for the right time to invest, it's important to remember that this behavior carries a risk that the market will go up while you're waiting on the sidelines. For example, if you stopped investing on April 3 because of the market downturn, you would have missed the market's best day since 2008 in the following week," Michalka told MarketWatch.
"Selling on April 3 would have been even worse," he added. "While markets could dip again soon, they could also have another strong day that would be missed while waiting out the bad days. In the absence of a market-behavior crystal ball, it's better to continue investing steadily over time so you don't miss the best market days."
Missing the best market days can really set an investor back in the long run. Adam Turnquist, the chief technical strategist at LPL Financial, ran an experiment in which he looked at historical performance of the S&P 500 from 1990 to 2024. He noted that the average annualized return of the index was 9.8% over this time period. If an investor had put their money in a low-cost index-tracking exchange-traded fund at the start of 1990 and then did nothing, they would have seen their investment grow by about 9.8% every year.
However, if that investor somehow missed the best day for the market during that 35-year time period, their annualized return would be about 6.1%. Miss the two best days and that annualized return goes down to 3%. Missing the five best days would turn that annualized return negative.