Before Adam sinned, in fact, before God even created Adam, He knew Adam would fall. There are two places in Scripture that makes this clear:
1. A lamb slain from the creative time of the world...
Rev 13:8 All who dwell on the earth will worship him, whose names have not been written in the Book of Life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world.
The word for foundation (katabolē G2502) means conception (as seen in Heb 11:11) and foundation or point of creation (Matt 13:35, John 17:24, and so forth). For a lamb to be slain at that point in creation, God had to know we would fall. By the way, I don't believe this is a literal lamb, not sure they had been created yet (that is unclear) but this event did at least take place in the mind of God.
2. The luminaries....
Gen 1:14 Then God said, "Let there be lights in the firmament of the heavens to divide the day from the night; and let them be for signs and seasons, and for days and years;
The word for seasons is moedim, which is not summer, fall, winter and spring but rather... Feasts, like Passover, Pentecost, and so forth. One of the reasons God placed the sun, moon and stars in the sky was so that His people would know when to keep the Appointed Times.
What does this have to do with knowing Adam would fall? Simply, that the feasts all point to various aspects of Messiah's work. Now I won't go into the detail of how each does this, I just posted a blog entry that covers each feast. You can read that
HERE.
The question for discussion:
If God knew that Adam would fall before He created Adam, and this appears to be the case, then does it not stand to reason that everything He has done since that time was the create a scenario that ultimately, would testify of His mercy, grace, and goodness? I am not suggesting that He micromanages our lives... but the overall flow of both time and culture... do you believe that this is something He has His hand on... even if the culture continues to drift from Him? Do you see that as leading to the times that are coming? Or is He hands off and Satan is who drives the machine, culturally speaking?