Hi, This is Val responding and this subject has become a little bit of a pet project for me so here we go. You are correct, speaking with the normal populous is different than speaking with the bodybuilding subculture. In this subculture they know the side-affects of AAS and accept them. Roid gut, enlarged breasts and jaundice all being very common. Below are some case studies, doctors and medical centers names included so that you can read the entire studies yourself if you wish. We do not wish to provoke you to anger. We would instead wish to as God states in the Psalm of the righteous man, ask you to guide your affairs with descretion and caution. The use of AAS for medical conditions is much different than the use of the drugs to promote a response in an otherwise healthy body. Drug abusive is after all drug abuse and there must be a mental void that is being filled by it's use. Here are those promised case studies. These include instances of heart fribulation, enlarging of the heart, abnormal growth of the jawline, jaundice, liver lesions, brain lesions, kidney failure and disease, emotional problems brought on by chemical imbalances and enlargement of the pituitary gland and stroke. I can provide 522 other cases (and counting). These are only a few. I pray that God speaks to you and guides you to the answer.
2000 article in Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Clinical study of 75 female bodybuilders one third (25) who used anabolic steroids on a regular basis. Of the 25, nineteen were reported to have had kidney related illnesses, the most serious being kidney failure
Androgenic/Anabolic steroid-induced toxic hepatitis.
Stimac D, Milic S, Dintinjana RD, Kovac D, Ristic S.
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. davor.stimac@ri.hinet.hr
Athletes and bodybuilders often misuse androgenic/anabolic steroids. When used in therapeutic doses, these drugs produce clinical jaundice in just a small number of recipients. We present a 26-year-old male bodybuilder who self-administered high doses of androgenic/anabolic steroids that induced liver damage. One month before admission to the hospital, he used testosterone enanthate (500 mg intramuscularly, twice weekly), stanozolol (40 mg/d), and methylandrostenediol (30 mg/d by mouth, for 5 weeks). On admission, his bilirubin level was 470 micromol/L (direct, 360 micromol/L), his aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level was 5,870 IU/L, his alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level was 10,580 IU/L, his alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level was 152 IU/L, his gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase level was 140 IU/L, his albumin level was 27.6 g/L, and his prothrombin time was 29%. During the patient's prolonged hospitalization, multiple tests and liver biopsy were performed, showing only toxic hepatic lesions. The patient was provided with supportive medical treatment. Clinical signs and laboratory findings improved substantially 12 weeks after the patient discontinued androgenic/anabolic steroids. The reasons for presenting this case were the much higher values of AST and ALT levels than reported in other studies, although the values of bilirubin and ALP were similar to those found in the literature. To our knowledge, it is the first case of toxic hepatitis induced by androgenic/anabolic steroids with predominantly hepatocellular necrosis instead of intrahepatic cholestasis.
Habscheid W, Abele U, Dahm HH.
Medizinische Klinik, Paracelsus-Krankenhaus Ruit, Esslingen.
HISTORY AND ADMISSION FINDINGS: A 28-year-old body builder was admitted because of jaundice. For 80 days, until 3 weeks before hospitalization, he had been taking moderately high doses of anabolic steroids: metandienone (methandienone), 10-50 mg daily by mouth, and stanozolol, 50 mg intramuscularly every other day. Physical examination was unremarkable except for yellow discoloration of the skin and sclerae. INVESTIGATIONS: Bilirubin concentration was raised to 4.5 mg/dl, cholestasis enzymes were normal, while transaminase activities were raised. Liver biopsy was compatible with cholestasis induced by anabolic steroids. TREATMENT AND COURSE: Although the steroids had been discontinued, the patient's general condition deteriorated over 7 weeks. Serum bilirubin rose up to a maximum of 77.9 mg/dl. In addition renal failure developed with a creatinine concentration of 4.2 mg/dl. The patient's state improved simultaneously with the administration of ursodeoxycholic acid and the biochemical values gradually reached normal levels after several weeks. CONCLUSION: Anabolic steroids can cause severe cholestasis and acute renal failure. In this case there was a notable temporal coincidence between the administration of ursodeoxycholic acid and the marked clinical improvement.
Atrial fibrillation and anabolic steroids.
Sullivan ML, Martinez CM, Gallagher EJ.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, New York
A young male bodybuilder, consuming large doses of anabolic steroids (AS), presented to the Emergency Department (ED) with symptomatic rapid atrial fibrillation (AF). Echocardiogram revealed significant septal hypokinesis, and posterior and septal wall thickness at the upper limit of normal for highly trained athletes. The atrial fibrillation had not recurred at 10 weeks after discontinuation of AS use. Consumption of these agents in athletes has been associated with hypertension, ischemic heart disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and sudden death.
Androgenic/anabolic steroid-induced intrahepatic cholestasis: a review with four additional case reports.
Gurakar A, Caraceni P, Fagiuoli S, Van Thiel DH.
Oklahoma Transplantation Institute, Baptist Medical Center of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City 73112.
Four cases of severe cholestasis attributed to anabolic/androgenic steroid usage are reported. These cases are reported because each was severely jaundiced (peak bilirubin level 62 mg/dl), developed advanced hepatic failure and was referred to a liver transplant center for consideration for liver transplantation. The hepatic dysfunction and cholestasis in each persisted for 3 months or more. Moreover, in two the hepatic dysfunction was complicated by the development of renal dysfunction and anemia requiring additional medical interventions. With prolonged medical therapy, each case recovered fully without transplantation. These cases are important because they demonstrate that drug-induced cholestasis can be prolonged, can mimic advanced liver disease, and can be associated with co-existent renal dysfunction.
Anabolic steroid use as the possible precipitant of dilated cardiomyopathy.
Ferrera PC, Putnam DL, Verdile VP.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Albany Medical Center, NY 12208, USA.
Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use is common among young males, including adolescents. There have been several anecdotal reports of severe cardiovascular events in self-reported young users of AAS, including acute myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, and cardiomyopathy. We present an additional case of a young male weight lifter who presented with dyspnea and chest pain attributable to dilated cardiomyopathy (DC), his only known risk factor being the recent use of AAS. The possible role of AAS in the development of DC is discussed.
Reversible hypogonadism and azoospermia as a result of anabolic-androgenic steroid use in a bodybuilder with personality disorder. A case report.
Boyadjiev NP, Georgieva KN, Massaldjieva RI, Gueorguiev SI.
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. nutrim@plovdiv.techno-link.com
We report a case of reversible hypogonadism and azoospermia resulting from anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse in a body-builder with primary personality disorder. A keen body builder, a 20-year-old man, developed acute aggressive and destructive behavior after 10-month use of Bionabol (mean total dose of 1,120 mg per month), and Retabolil (mean total dose of 150 mg per month). He was found to meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV ed. (DSM-IV) criteria for Borderline personality disorder. On admission to the hospital the clinical profile of the patient showed extremely low levels of serum testosterone. Values increased to normal levels 10 months after withdrawal of steroids. The sperm was azoospermic at the beginning of the study period, oligospermic five months later, and reached 20 x 10(6) sperm per mL ten months after the steroid discontinuation. Anabolic steroids can greatly affect the male pituitary-gonadal axis. A hypogonadal state, characterized by decreased serum testosterone and impaired spermatogenesis, was induced in the patient. This condition was reversible after the steroid withdrawal, but the process took more than ten months. His personal imbalance could be considered a personality trait rather than a result of the anabolic-androgenic steroid use. There were probably dispositional personality characteristics that contributed to anabolic steroid abuse in our patient. The hypogonadal changes which occurred after his long-term steroid abuse were for the most part reversible.
Exposure to anabolic-androgenic steroids shortens life span of male mice.
Bronson FH, Matherne CM.
Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Austin 78712, USA. bronson@mail.utex.edu
Adult male laboratory mice were exposed for 6 months to a combination of four anabolic-androgenic steroids of the kinds and at the relative levels to which human athletes and body builders expose themselves. The four steroids included testosterone, two 17-alkylated steroids, and an ester, and they were given at doses that totaled either 5 or 20 times normal androgenic maintenance levels for mice. By the time the survivors were 20 months old (1 yr after the termination of steroid exposure), 52% of the mice given the high dose of steroids had died compared with 35% of the mice given the low dose and only 12% of the control mice given no exogenous hormones (P <0.001). Autopsy of the steroid-treated mice typically revealed tumors in the liver or kidney, other kinds of damage to these two organs, broadly invase lymphosarcomas, or heart damage, and usually more than one of these conditions. It can be concluded that the life span of male mice is decreased dramatically by exposing them for 6 months to the kinds and relative levels of anabolic steroids used by many athletes and body builders.
Physical health and fitness of an elite bodybuilder during 1 year of self-administration of testosterone and anabolic steroids: a case study.
Alen M, Hakkinen K.
An adult male bodybuilder of international level, who had decided to complement his training by self-administering the androgenic hormones (actually 53 mg/day), volunteered as a subject for investigation of his physical health and fitness over a training period of 1 year including only a 4-week abstinence from drugs in the middle of the year. The subject was able to gain greatly in fat-free weight (from 83 to 90 kg), in mean fiber area of the VL muscle (enlargement of 11.4% after a half year's training), and in maximal strength (from 5145 to 5948 N). The high level of serum testosterone and low level of serum SHBG observed tend to strengthen suggestions of the anabolic effects of androgenic steroids during training. The subject's health status was affected. A high serum E2 level during the use of androgens, atrophic testicles, and low LH, FSH, and T levels after drug withdrawal indicate that sustained testosterone/anabolic steroid administration affects the function of the pituitary and leads to long-lasting impairment of testicular endocrine function, and consequently to azoospermia and cynegomastia. The observed decrease in serum HDL-cholesterol (from 1.59 to 0.44 mmol/l) and in HDL2-cholesterol (from 0.42 to 0.01 mmol/l) may indicate a higher risk for atherogenesis.
(CONTINUED)
2000 article in Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics Clinical study of 75 female bodybuilders one third (25) who used anabolic steroids on a regular basis. Of the 25, nineteen were reported to have had kidney related illnesses, the most serious being kidney failure
Androgenic/Anabolic steroid-induced toxic hepatitis.
Stimac D, Milic S, Dintinjana RD, Kovac D, Ristic S.
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia. davor.stimac@ri.hinet.hr
Athletes and bodybuilders often misuse androgenic/anabolic steroids. When used in therapeutic doses, these drugs produce clinical jaundice in just a small number of recipients. We present a 26-year-old male bodybuilder who self-administered high doses of androgenic/anabolic steroids that induced liver damage. One month before admission to the hospital, he used testosterone enanthate (500 mg intramuscularly, twice weekly), stanozolol (40 mg/d), and methylandrostenediol (30 mg/d by mouth, for 5 weeks). On admission, his bilirubin level was 470 micromol/L (direct, 360 micromol/L), his aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level was 5,870 IU/L, his alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level was 10,580 IU/L, his alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level was 152 IU/L, his gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase level was 140 IU/L, his albumin level was 27.6 g/L, and his prothrombin time was 29%. During the patient's prolonged hospitalization, multiple tests and liver biopsy were performed, showing only toxic hepatic lesions. The patient was provided with supportive medical treatment. Clinical signs and laboratory findings improved substantially 12 weeks after the patient discontinued androgenic/anabolic steroids. The reasons for presenting this case were the much higher values of AST and ALT levels than reported in other studies, although the values of bilirubin and ALP were similar to those found in the literature. To our knowledge, it is the first case of toxic hepatitis induced by androgenic/anabolic steroids with predominantly hepatocellular necrosis instead of intrahepatic cholestasis.
Habscheid W, Abele U, Dahm HH.
Medizinische Klinik, Paracelsus-Krankenhaus Ruit, Esslingen.
HISTORY AND ADMISSION FINDINGS: A 28-year-old body builder was admitted because of jaundice. For 80 days, until 3 weeks before hospitalization, he had been taking moderately high doses of anabolic steroids: metandienone (methandienone), 10-50 mg daily by mouth, and stanozolol, 50 mg intramuscularly every other day. Physical examination was unremarkable except for yellow discoloration of the skin and sclerae. INVESTIGATIONS: Bilirubin concentration was raised to 4.5 mg/dl, cholestasis enzymes were normal, while transaminase activities were raised. Liver biopsy was compatible with cholestasis induced by anabolic steroids. TREATMENT AND COURSE: Although the steroids had been discontinued, the patient's general condition deteriorated over 7 weeks. Serum bilirubin rose up to a maximum of 77.9 mg/dl. In addition renal failure developed with a creatinine concentration of 4.2 mg/dl. The patient's state improved simultaneously with the administration of ursodeoxycholic acid and the biochemical values gradually reached normal levels after several weeks. CONCLUSION: Anabolic steroids can cause severe cholestasis and acute renal failure. In this case there was a notable temporal coincidence between the administration of ursodeoxycholic acid and the marked clinical improvement.
Atrial fibrillation and anabolic steroids.
Sullivan ML, Martinez CM, Gallagher EJ.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, New York
A young male bodybuilder, consuming large doses of anabolic steroids (AS), presented to the Emergency Department (ED) with symptomatic rapid atrial fibrillation (AF). Echocardiogram revealed significant septal hypokinesis, and posterior and septal wall thickness at the upper limit of normal for highly trained athletes. The atrial fibrillation had not recurred at 10 weeks after discontinuation of AS use. Consumption of these agents in athletes has been associated with hypertension, ischemic heart disease, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and sudden death.
Androgenic/anabolic steroid-induced intrahepatic cholestasis: a review with four additional case reports.
Gurakar A, Caraceni P, Fagiuoli S, Van Thiel DH.
Oklahoma Transplantation Institute, Baptist Medical Center of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City 73112.
Four cases of severe cholestasis attributed to anabolic/androgenic steroid usage are reported. These cases are reported because each was severely jaundiced (peak bilirubin level 62 mg/dl), developed advanced hepatic failure and was referred to a liver transplant center for consideration for liver transplantation. The hepatic dysfunction and cholestasis in each persisted for 3 months or more. Moreover, in two the hepatic dysfunction was complicated by the development of renal dysfunction and anemia requiring additional medical interventions. With prolonged medical therapy, each case recovered fully without transplantation. These cases are important because they demonstrate that drug-induced cholestasis can be prolonged, can mimic advanced liver disease, and can be associated with co-existent renal dysfunction.
Anabolic steroid use as the possible precipitant of dilated cardiomyopathy.
Ferrera PC, Putnam DL, Verdile VP.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Albany Medical Center, NY 12208, USA.
Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use is common among young males, including adolescents. There have been several anecdotal reports of severe cardiovascular events in self-reported young users of AAS, including acute myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, and cardiomyopathy. We present an additional case of a young male weight lifter who presented with dyspnea and chest pain attributable to dilated cardiomyopathy (DC), his only known risk factor being the recent use of AAS. The possible role of AAS in the development of DC is discussed.
Reversible hypogonadism and azoospermia as a result of anabolic-androgenic steroid use in a bodybuilder with personality disorder. A case report.
Boyadjiev NP, Georgieva KN, Massaldjieva RI, Gueorguiev SI.
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. nutrim@plovdiv.techno-link.com
We report a case of reversible hypogonadism and azoospermia resulting from anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse in a body-builder with primary personality disorder. A keen body builder, a 20-year-old man, developed acute aggressive and destructive behavior after 10-month use of Bionabol (mean total dose of 1,120 mg per month), and Retabolil (mean total dose of 150 mg per month). He was found to meet the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV ed. (DSM-IV) criteria for Borderline personality disorder. On admission to the hospital the clinical profile of the patient showed extremely low levels of serum testosterone. Values increased to normal levels 10 months after withdrawal of steroids. The sperm was azoospermic at the beginning of the study period, oligospermic five months later, and reached 20 x 10(6) sperm per mL ten months after the steroid discontinuation. Anabolic steroids can greatly affect the male pituitary-gonadal axis. A hypogonadal state, characterized by decreased serum testosterone and impaired spermatogenesis, was induced in the patient. This condition was reversible after the steroid withdrawal, but the process took more than ten months. His personal imbalance could be considered a personality trait rather than a result of the anabolic-androgenic steroid use. There were probably dispositional personality characteristics that contributed to anabolic steroid abuse in our patient. The hypogonadal changes which occurred after his long-term steroid abuse were for the most part reversible.
Exposure to anabolic-androgenic steroids shortens life span of male mice.
Bronson FH, Matherne CM.
Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Austin 78712, USA. bronson@mail.utex.edu
Adult male laboratory mice were exposed for 6 months to a combination of four anabolic-androgenic steroids of the kinds and at the relative levels to which human athletes and body builders expose themselves. The four steroids included testosterone, two 17-alkylated steroids, and an ester, and they were given at doses that totaled either 5 or 20 times normal androgenic maintenance levels for mice. By the time the survivors were 20 months old (1 yr after the termination of steroid exposure), 52% of the mice given the high dose of steroids had died compared with 35% of the mice given the low dose and only 12% of the control mice given no exogenous hormones (P <0.001). Autopsy of the steroid-treated mice typically revealed tumors in the liver or kidney, other kinds of damage to these two organs, broadly invase lymphosarcomas, or heart damage, and usually more than one of these conditions. It can be concluded that the life span of male mice is decreased dramatically by exposing them for 6 months to the kinds and relative levels of anabolic steroids used by many athletes and body builders.
Physical health and fitness of an elite bodybuilder during 1 year of self-administration of testosterone and anabolic steroids: a case study.
Alen M, Hakkinen K.
An adult male bodybuilder of international level, who had decided to complement his training by self-administering the androgenic hormones (actually 53 mg/day), volunteered as a subject for investigation of his physical health and fitness over a training period of 1 year including only a 4-week abstinence from drugs in the middle of the year. The subject was able to gain greatly in fat-free weight (from 83 to 90 kg), in mean fiber area of the VL muscle (enlargement of 11.4% after a half year's training), and in maximal strength (from 5145 to 5948 N). The high level of serum testosterone and low level of serum SHBG observed tend to strengthen suggestions of the anabolic effects of androgenic steroids during training. The subject's health status was affected. A high serum E2 level during the use of androgens, atrophic testicles, and low LH, FSH, and T levels after drug withdrawal indicate that sustained testosterone/anabolic steroid administration affects the function of the pituitary and leads to long-lasting impairment of testicular endocrine function, and consequently to azoospermia and cynegomastia. The observed decrease in serum HDL-cholesterol (from 1.59 to 0.44 mmol/l) and in HDL2-cholesterol (from 0.42 to 0.01 mmol/l) may indicate a higher risk for atherogenesis.
(CONTINUED)
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