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NannaNae
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christians this is for you .. if you are or aren't following the neanderthal debates and
new discoveries .. this is for you!
from the comment section here .
Dienekes’ Anthropology Blog
or
Dienekes’ Anthropology Blog: Neandertal populations were small (+ differences along the Neandertal/sapiens evolutionary lineages)
from the comments pages for neanderthals populations were small article
.
Neandertal populations were small (+ differences along the Neandertal/sapiens evolutionary lineages)
PNAS doi: 10.1073/pnas.1405138111
Patterns of coding variation in the complete exomes of three Neandertals
Sergi Castellano et al.
We present the DNA sequence of 17,367 protein-coding genes in two Neandertals from Spain and Croatia and analyze them together with the genome sequence recently determined from a Neandertal from southern Siberia. Comparisons with present-day humans from Africa, Europe, and Asia reveal that genetic diversity among Neandertals was remarkably low, and that they carried a higher proportion of amino acid-changing (nonsynonymous) alleles inferred to alter protein structure or function than present-day humans. Thus, Neandertals across Eurasia had a smaller long-term effective population than present-day humans. We also identify amino acid substitutions in Neandertals and present-day humans that may underlie phenotypic differences between the two groups. We find that genes involved in skeletal morphology have changed more in the lineage leading to Neandertals than in the ancestral lineage common to archaic and modern humans, whereas genes involved in behavior and pigmentation have changed more on the modern human lineage.
Link
"The average heterozygosity among the three Neandertals (0.128) is 25%, 33%, and 36% of the average heterozygosity in the three African (0.507), European (0.387), and Asian (0.358) individuals, respectively (Table S12), and thus significantly smaller than that in humans today (P = 4.5 × 10−3; Mann–Whitney U test). The three Neandertals also have longer runs of homozygosity (Fig. S9), suggesting that mating among related individuals may have been more common in Neandertals than in present-day humans, compatible with the observations in the Altai Neandertal (10). Also compatible with these observations is that the genetic differentiation among individuals, as measured by the pairwise fixation index (FST) (Fig. 1B), is greater among Neandertals than among the Africans, Europeans, and Asians (P = 1.3 × 10−2; Mann–Whitney U test), suggesting that mating in small and isolated populations may have caused Neandertal populations to be more differentiated from one another than what is typical for present-day humans."
Consistently with a number of earlier studies, Neandertal genetic structure (heterozygosity, Fst, IBD) is most similar to that of Amerindians, among modern human populations. No surprise, Amerindians were excluded from this study.
so what would the average white guy scientist looking for monkey's to prove he is so much improved , smarter , better and prettier , what would he call these guys boating around the world trading say copper anyway?
File:Fort-orleans-return.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
( blow that picture up and look really really close )
my guess is they would measure those skulls and call them "monkey like" and a "sub human"... "brutish " or "savage ", those club wielding "neanderthals"...rotf....... oh Yes they know they got caught in the worst kinds of racist and dumb!
these pictures of head shaping
" Neanderthals" aka real Native americans the non asian like native Americans, not one asian ! .. no bering straits...... yes these brilliant "scientists "... are back peddling for about 3 or 4 years now after I accused them of the most profound arrogant and ignorance ever in any generation..
now with Levallois tool technique has been found here it proved only that they have been up to the most ignorant raciest monkey business ever. all the while now they have been using the dna of more than 1000000 missing asian slaves brought here to mostly the west coasts of north and south America , that they aren't even looking for those slaves because those slaves who are not natives ( think rice, pearls,railroads,siberian/russian fur traders ) prove their theories and their time tables. but only in their own twisted minds full of thier own imaginations .
and so they don't have the right to tell anyone what happened yesterday ! because they got it that wrong. if they got that that wrong what else to they got that wrong? I will tell you now they got it all that wrong.
so scientist in their quest to create time and prove their monkey business has labeled native americans / red paint people /just one clan of it , as sub human , ape like brutish neanderthals all moving to the new world or was it they moving around the world in trade routes long erased in events they haven't bothered to question much less answer.. because they don't have a clue what real history is because they have been too busy making up their own myths and fantasies and fake time tables and magic time machines and all these are proof of only their wild imagination. and have nothing to do with history.
as more proof of these things and just how bad they get it wrong happens I will bring it to this thread.
I will not debate this !
I will not discuss this! with "christian" or non.. especially "Christians-ish" who don't actually believe eyewitnesses ,or the God inspired bible as history.
I can only lead you to water..
new discoveries .. this is for you!
from the comment section here .
Dienekes’ Anthropology Blog
or
Dienekes’ Anthropology Blog: Neandertal populations were small (+ differences along the Neandertal/sapiens evolutionary lineages)
from the comments pages for neanderthals populations were small article
.
Neandertal populations were small (+ differences along the Neandertal/sapiens evolutionary lineages)
PNAS doi: 10.1073/pnas.1405138111
Patterns of coding variation in the complete exomes of three Neandertals
Sergi Castellano et al.
We present the DNA sequence of 17,367 protein-coding genes in two Neandertals from Spain and Croatia and analyze them together with the genome sequence recently determined from a Neandertal from southern Siberia. Comparisons with present-day humans from Africa, Europe, and Asia reveal that genetic diversity among Neandertals was remarkably low, and that they carried a higher proportion of amino acid-changing (nonsynonymous) alleles inferred to alter protein structure or function than present-day humans. Thus, Neandertals across Eurasia had a smaller long-term effective population than present-day humans. We also identify amino acid substitutions in Neandertals and present-day humans that may underlie phenotypic differences between the two groups. We find that genes involved in skeletal morphology have changed more in the lineage leading to Neandertals than in the ancestral lineage common to archaic and modern humans, whereas genes involved in behavior and pigmentation have changed more on the modern human lineage.
Link
"The average heterozygosity among the three Neandertals (0.128) is 25%, 33%, and 36% of the average heterozygosity in the three African (0.507), European (0.387), and Asian (0.358) individuals, respectively (Table S12), and thus significantly smaller than that in humans today (P = 4.5 × 10−3; Mann–Whitney U test). The three Neandertals also have longer runs of homozygosity (Fig. S9), suggesting that mating among related individuals may have been more common in Neandertals than in present-day humans, compatible with the observations in the Altai Neandertal (10). Also compatible with these observations is that the genetic differentiation among individuals, as measured by the pairwise fixation index (FST) (Fig. 1B), is greater among Neandertals than among the Africans, Europeans, and Asians (P = 1.3 × 10−2; Mann–Whitney U test), suggesting that mating in small and isolated populations may have caused Neandertal populations to be more differentiated from one another than what is typical for present-day humans."
Consistently with a number of earlier studies, Neandertal genetic structure (heterozygosity, Fst, IBD) is most similar to that of Amerindians, among modern human populations. No surprise, Amerindians were excluded from this study.
so what would the average white guy scientist looking for monkey's to prove he is so much improved , smarter , better and prettier , what would he call these guys boating around the world trading say copper anyway?
File:Fort-orleans-return.jpg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
( blow that picture up and look really really close )
my guess is they would measure those skulls and call them "monkey like" and a "sub human"... "brutish " or "savage ", those club wielding "neanderthals"...rotf....... oh Yes they know they got caught in the worst kinds of racist and dumb!
these pictures of head shaping
" Neanderthals" aka real Native americans the non asian like native Americans, not one asian ! .. no bering straits...... yes these brilliant "scientists "... are back peddling for about 3 or 4 years now after I accused them of the most profound arrogant and ignorance ever in any generation..
now with Levallois tool technique has been found here it proved only that they have been up to the most ignorant raciest monkey business ever. all the while now they have been using the dna of more than 1000000 missing asian slaves brought here to mostly the west coasts of north and south America , that they aren't even looking for those slaves because those slaves who are not natives ( think rice, pearls,railroads,siberian/russian fur traders ) prove their theories and their time tables. but only in their own twisted minds full of thier own imaginations .
and so they don't have the right to tell anyone what happened yesterday ! because they got it that wrong. if they got that that wrong what else to they got that wrong? I will tell you now they got it all that wrong.
so scientist in their quest to create time and prove their monkey business has labeled native americans / red paint people /just one clan of it , as sub human , ape like brutish neanderthals all moving to the new world or was it they moving around the world in trade routes long erased in events they haven't bothered to question much less answer.. because they don't have a clue what real history is because they have been too busy making up their own myths and fantasies and fake time tables and magic time machines and all these are proof of only their wild imagination. and have nothing to do with history.
as more proof of these things and just how bad they get it wrong happens I will bring it to this thread.
I will not debate this !
I will not discuss this! with "christian" or non.. especially "Christians-ish" who don't actually believe eyewitnesses ,or the God inspired bible as history.
I can only lead you to water..
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