John Bauer
Reformed
- Jul 21, 2022
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Genesis 3:17 states that adam must toil the earth.
Genesis 3:22 Adam was sent from the garden to till the ground from which he was taken.
Genesis 3:18 says it will bring both thorns and thistles.
The way scientists look for agriculture is by sifting for seeds and pollen. There are places in the middle east that were once wild grain fields, these produce substantially fewer weeds than land which has been "Toiled"(worked, plowed, tilled).
As for the land being dry and barren. Adam is driven out of a forest(genesis 2:9) into a terrain that's not forest. He'd still have access to the rivers which go out of eden and into the flood plains of the middle east. So there's still reason to believe the land he specifically worked was "wet" enough for agriculture. Just not huge closed forests. The general conditions of the middle east and indeed the whole world were drier(cursed) than previous good times(eden).
1. Why were you suggesting that Adam was exiled to a dry and barren landscape?
In answer to this question, you said that Adam was driven into unforested terrain. I have a couple of thoughts on that.
First, you pointed to Genesis 2:9 as evidence that Adam's original home was forested. But this passage does not convey that image—not exactly, anyway. The previous verse said that God had "planted an orchard in the east, in Eden" (v. 8), complete with trees that were "good for food" (v. 9). More conventional translations call this a garden, which captures the broader semantic range of גַּן (gan), but what that word communicates to us in the modern West is very different from what it meant to people in the ancient Near East. It was a lush and cultivated space with a bunch of fruit-bearing trees, which to us is more of an orchard than a garden. And a forest, well, that is something even more different.
Second, you admitted in your answer that the land was sufficiently irrigated by the rivers from Eden, that it was "wet enough for agriculture." This does not answer my question so much as make it all the more compelling.
Also, you said the general conditions of the Middle East were "drier (cursed) than previous good times (Eden)." But what if the favorable conditions were exclusive to the orchard (garden) in Eden, while the region surrounding it was a typical environment for Mesopotamia? What if the land out there was cursed for Adam's sake in the sense that it was "not blessed" like the orchard (garden) in Eden had been? In this scenario, Adam was exiled from this favored sacred space and into lands that were not blessed (such that cursed is a privation of blessed), as the study notes in the New English Translation suggests.
If this view holds exegetically and historically, as it seems to, then there's no need to have the biblical Adam live 12,250 years ago.
2. Why were you looking at Adam as the one who invented agriculture?
Interestingly, you did not answer this question.
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