There is not a more familiar passage in the New Testament for evangelicals than John chapter 3. In it, “a man of the Pharisees, named Nicodemus, a ruler of the Jews” came searching for spiritual guidance to Jesus. Now, we should note, this man couldn’t have had better natural or religious credentials in the light of the Dispensationalist position. Not only was he of Israeli stock, but he also was a leader of the Pharisees. Jesus told him in John 3:5-11, “Verily, verily, I say unto thee, Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God. That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit. Marvel not that I said unto thee, Ye must be born again. The wind bloweth where it listeth, and thou hearest the sound thereof, but canst not tell whence it cometh, and whither it goeth: so is every one that is born of the Spirit. Nicodemus answered and said unto him, How can these things be? Jesus answered and said unto him, Art thou a master of Israel, and knowest not these things? Verily, verily, I say unto thee, We speak that we do know, and testify that we have seen; and ye receive not our witness.”
Why did Nicodemus need to be born again, if, according to Guojing, he was automatically a chosen child of God through natural birth? The Lord was showing Nicodemus (and us) that favor with God (before or after the cross or Pentecost) did not (or does not) come through one’s DNA, an accident of birth or through fulfilling a religious A-Z but rather through a spiritual birth. It involves a spiritual encounter with Christ! Racial status or biological pedigree means nothing with God today.
Whilst Nicodemus had all the natural and religious qualifications a man could ever want, Jesus showed him that that was not enough. The Lord showed him that he needed a spiritual conversion in order to make it to heaven. He showed Nicodemus that his first birth – his natural birth (that of water), was insufficient to inherit the kingdom of God. His physical birth, like the rest of fallen man, was contaminated by the awful blight of sin.
You can understand John's specific emphasis on being born again, as inextricably linked to Israel's relationship with God.
Their father, Abraham, was barren. Naturally, at his ripe old age, he could no longer have children.
God had to supernaturally intervene in his life to enable him to give birth to Issac.
Thru Issac, thru Jacob, thru his 12 sons, the nation literally came into existence.
Exodus 4:22 had a very insightful verse about this
And thou shalt say unto Pharaoh, Thus saith the Lord, Israel is my son, even my firstborn:
This was reinforced in Jeremiah 31:9
9 They shall come with weeping, and with supplications will I lead them: I will cause them to walk by the rivers of waters in a straight way, wherein they shall not stumble: for I am a father to Israel, and Ephraim is my firstborn.
God considered Israel his first born son. They literally became a nation when God supernaturally rescued them from Egypt, separating the waters in the ocean until all of them literally cross over the water in dry land.
But as we all know, Israel broke their covenant of Law that was given at Mount Sinai. They killed or ignored all the prophets that God repeatedly sent to them when they were separated into 2 kingdoms and went into captivity under Babylon, and then under Persia.
Jesus used the parable of the tenants, one of my favorite parables to understand his first coming on Earth to Israel, in all 3 synoptic gospels. (Matthew 21:33-46; Mark 12:1-12; Luke 20:9-19) to illustrate this.
When Jesus and the 12 were preaching from Matt-John, they need to repent of rejecting God their Father in the OT, and believe in his Son is their promised King and Messiah, as foretold by their prophets.
God had mercy on them even when they killed his prophets (e.g. 2 Chronicles 24:20-22; Jeremiah 26:20-30; cf. Luke 13:34; Acts 7:52)., and is now sending his very own Son to Israel, to do a final persuasion to Israel to repent and believe in him.
If they do, as Jesus told Nicodemus in John 3, Israel will be born again.