1 Peter 1:22
Now that you have purified yourselves by obeying the truth so that you have sincere love for each other, love one another deeply, from the heart.
What does "heart" refer to? Surely it is the seat of emotion; however, it is more than that. It is that "place" within us from which our desires, will, intentions come. In a word, the heart is the "inner self." To have a sincere love is to have a love where the outside matches the inside. But, this doesn't tell us the essence of love. See below.
"And though I bestow all my goods to feed
the poor, and though I give my body to be burned, but have not love, it profits me nothing."
1 Corinthians 13:3 NKJV
The force of this passage is not emotion, but intention. I can give to the poor for reasons other than love. Maybe I want to make a show of being generous. Here, my intention is an appearance, and not love for the poor. People will sacrifice their bodies for various reasons, not always out of love.
The question we need to answer is, "What is the essence of love?" To be clear, I don't want to argue that emotion is unimportant. More often than not, our love is often attended by emotion. But, emotion can never be the essence of love. Why not? Well, let's think about the essence of love. So, what is essential to love?
Def: Something is essential to
x, if and only if,
x cannot be
x without it. So, what is essential to love so that without it love cannot be love? For the sake of argument, let's assume emotion is essential to love.. If this is the case, then love can only be love when it includes the appropriate emotion. If the emotion is there, then I have love. If the emotion is not there, then I don't have love. But, now we have a problem.
Think of those relationships where you would say, "I always love that person." I love my sister. I can say, in all honesty, I always love my sister. It doesn't matter what day it is, what hour, what the circumstances. I love here, and that is that. But, can I say that I always have the feelings we often associate with love in respect to her? No. My feelings in relation to her change. Sometimes I have felt aggravation in relation her, or frustration. Sometimes I have felt sadness in relation to her. In those moments that I felt frustration, aggravation, or sadness was I feeling those emotions we often associate with love? No, I was feeling frustration, aggravation, or sadness depending on the moment. So, if emotion is essential to love, then I only love her when I am feeling the feelings often associated with love. But, of course, that is not the case at all. I always love her. I love her even when I am feeling frustration, or aggravation, or sadness. So, what is it that remains constant despite the ebb and flow of emotion?
The one thing that remains constant is my desire for her good.
When it comes to love, the one thing that must be present is the desire or intention for the good of the one who is loved. Whatever else love may be, it must include the good of the beloved. I will admit that as I have thought about this over the years I have struggled to find the exact words to capture this essential aspect of love. Humans are fallible, so the best I have come up with is
love always seeks to bring about what is truly good for the beloved. As humans we often miss the mark when it comes to love. Sometimes what we do is what we think is good, and it isn't. Sometimes what is good for the beloved comes into conflict with what is good for ourselves and we are unwilling to make the sacrifice. Whatever the case, love always wants to good of the beloved. Hatred, on the other hand, does not. So, yes emotion often attends love, but it is not essential.
This also helps us to understand God's love for us. God loves us, not in intended our good or desiring our good, but in bringing about our ultimate good. God cannot fail to do what God does. The cross and resurrection of our Lord is not so much an expression of God's emotion (though I will admit it may include that). The cross and resurrection of our Lord expresses God's love for us because through it God secures for us the ultimate good, i.e. everlasting life in the presence of God who Loves us. Coming from God, anything short of that is not love. God can only love us by bringing about our ultimate good, which God has done. I know some will disagree with that last statement. I'll leave that up for debate on another thread, perhaps.