here is a rewritten augmented text of the opening post so we may all keep on track and not divert from the subject of the validity of the Ten Commandments, the Moral law, described by God as the Covenant.
To address whether Jesus taught the Ten Commandments and whether they remain valid, we’ll examine His teachings in the New Testament (NKJV) and complement them with Old Testament scriptures, focusing on the Ten Commandments as given in Exodus 20:1–17 and Deuteronomy 5:6–21. The argument is that Jesus affirmed the commandments’ moral principles, reinforcing their enduring validity, supported by His words and Old Testament context.
Jesus Teaching the Ten Commandments
Jesus explicitly referenced and upheld the Ten Commandments in His teachings, particularly in the Gospels, emphasizing their moral and spiritual significance. Here are key instances:
1.
The Rich Young Ruler (Matthew 19:16–22, Mark 10:17–22, Luke 18:18–23)
In Matthew 19:16–19 (NKJV), a young man asks Jesus, “Good Teacher, what good thing shall I do that I may have eternal life?” Jesus responds, “
But if you want to enter into life, keep the commandments.” When asked, “Which ones?” Jesus lists several from the Ten Commandments:
- “You shall not murder” (6th, Exodus 20:13)
- “You shall not commit adultery” (7th, Exodus 20:14)
- “You shall not steal” (8th, Exodus 20:15)
- “You shall not bear false witness” (9th, Exodus 20:16)
- “Honor your father and your mother” (5th, Exodus 20:12)
- And adds, “You shall love your neighbor as yourself” (Leviticus 19:18), tying the commandments to love.
This shows Jesus directly affirming the commandments as a path to eternal life, focusing on the moral laws governing human relationships.
2.
The Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5:17–20)
Jesus declares, “Do not think that I came to destroy the Law or the Prophets. I did not come to destroy but to fulfill” (Matthew 5:17, NKJV). He continues, “For assuredly, I say to you, till heaven and earth pass away, one jot or one tittle will by no means pass from the law till all is fulfilled” (5:18). This demonstrates the enduring validity of the Ten Commandments, as Jesus came to fulfill their deeper intent. He then expounds on specific commandments:
Murder (6th Commandment): In Matthew 5:21–22, Jesus intensifies “You shall not murder” (Exodus 20:13), teaching that anger and insults violate its spirit.
Adultery (7th Commandment): In Matthew 5:27–28, He expands “You shall not commit adultery” (Exodus 20:14) to include lustful thoughts, emphasizing internal purity.
Jesus doesn’t abolish the commandments but deepens their application, showing their ongoing relevance.
3.
The Greatest Commandment (Matthew 22:35–40, Mark 12:28–31)
When asked about the greatest commandment, Jesus says, “‘You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mind.’ This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like it: ‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’ On these two commandments hang all the Law and the Prophets” (Matthew 22:37–40, NKJV, quoting Deuteronomy 6:5 and Leviticus 19:18).
The first four commandments (Exodus 20:3–11) focus on loving God (no other gods, no idols, not taking God’s name in vain, keeping the Sabbath), while the last six (Exodus 20:12–17) address loving others (honoring parents, no murder, adultery, stealing, false witness, or coveting). Jesus summarizes the Ten Commandments under love, affirming their foundational role.
4.
Other Teachings
In Matthew 15:19–20, Jesus lists:" For out of the heart come evil thoughts,
murder, adultery, sexual immorality,
theft, false testimony, and slander. among sins defiling a person, echoing Exodus 20:13-16.
Honoring Parents (5th Commandment)**: In Mark 7:9–13, Jesus rebukes the Pharisees for neglecting “Honor your father and your mother” (Exodus 20:12) by prioritizing tradition over God’s command.
Old Testament Context (NKJV)
The Ten Commandments, given in Exodus 20:1–17 and reiterated in Deuteronomy 5:6–21, form the core of God’s covenant with Israel. Key Old Testament passages affirm their enduring moral weight:
Deuteronomy 4:13–14: “So He declared to you His covenant which He commanded you to perform, the Ten Commandments; and He wrote them on two tablets of stone.”
Psalm 119:97–98 “Oh, how I love Your law! It is my meditation all the day. You, through Your commandments, make me wiser than my enemies.”
Isaiah 42:21: “The Lord is well pleased for His righteousness’ sake; He will exalt the law and make it honorable,” pointing to the Law’s enduring honor, fulfilled in Christ.
Validity of the Ten Commandments Today
Jesus’ teachings confirm the commandments’ ongoing relevance, not as a means of salvation but as a guide for righteous living:
Moral Continuity: In Matthew 5:17–18, Jesus affirms the Law’s permanence until “heaven and earth pass away.” Since this hasn’t occurred, the ten commandments, called the moral law remain.
Fulfillment, Not Abolition: Jesus fulfills the Law by embodying its intent (e.g., perfect love) and providing grace, but this doesn’t nullify its moral standards (Romans 3:31: “Do we then make void the law through faith? Certainly not! On the contrary, we establish the law”).
New Covenant Application:
While ceremonial and civil aspects of the Mosaic Law (e.g., sacrifices) are fulfilled in Christ (Hebrews 10:1–10), the moral law, encapsulated in the Ten Commandments, persists as a reflection of God’s character. Romans 13:8–10 (NKJV) echoes this: “He who loves another has fulfilled the law,” listing commandments like “You shall not commit adultery,” “You shall not murder,” and others, tying them to love.
Grace vs. Law: While salvation is by grace through faith (Ephesians 2:8–9), the commandments guide Christian conduct (1 John 5:3: “
For this is the love of God, that we keep His commandments. And His commandments are not burdensome”).
Jesus taught and affirmed the Ten Commandments, explicitly citing them (Matthew 19:16–19), deepening their application (Matthew 5:17–28), and summarizing them under love (Matthew 22:37–40). Old Testament scriptures (Exodus 20, Deuteronomy 5, Psalm 119) establish their divine origin and enduring value. The commandments remain valid as moral standards for ALL believers, fulfilled in Christ’s love and grace, guiding righteous living in the New Covenant.