Whenever we try to get a handle on what different church bodies teach and believe, the best starting point, in my opinion, is with a very simple question:
How does God speak to us? Or more strongly, where do we receive God's words which we can be absolutely certain are from God?
Different church bodies answer this question differently. To mention some, Eastern Orthodox say Scripture and Holy Tradition, Roman Catholics say the Roman Catholic Church (which includes Scripture, Holy Tradition, and Papal authority), Lutherans say Scripture, Anglicans say Scripture, reason, and tradition, Pentecostals say Scripture and new revelation, and liberal church bodies say Scripture, reason, and culture.
It can be very helpful to consider what different churches receive as their authority in doctrine, because out of that flows everything else. This is really the fundamental question to all doctrinal systems. I'm glad you use the term "framework" because that's very accurate, and this is precisely it — how God speaks to us is the framework that gives shape to everything else.
Now, you ask about Reformed theology. The Reformed position is the same as Lutheran, Baptist, and many Evangelical and non-denominational churches, which is to say that we (I have the joy of serving in the Lutheran Church) hold that the Scriptures are the only place we can find the clear and unmistakable words of God. So that may be a good starting point to consider. Then beyond that, it can also be helpful to understand that there is some variety within Reformed theology itself. For specifics, it can be a good idea to read formal statements or confessions of faith.
So, my 2c is this: It's always good to consider what is claimed as the source of authority in doctrine (how God speaks to us), and then look at what flows out of that.
God's blessings to you!
