How can chemicals create feelings? What is the chemical formula for guilt? shame? pride? integrity? morality? honesty? If all we are is atoms and a great random assembly of carbon and hydrogen (plus all the other elements that make our physical body), why do we have ideas? what is the evolutionary / benefit of having, perceiving, sharing, and correctness of ideas?
We already know that administration of some chemicals -- such as serotonin -- change and create feelings. Serotonin creates feelings of calm and well being. So yes, we have a material brain and the material chemical reactions and neural connections within that brain causes feelings and thoughts.
For a social species with few natural defenses (claws, size, fangs, etc.) having, perceiving, sharing, and the correctness of ideas leads to survival. Having the idea to turn a stick into a weapon helps defend against predators (and our hominid ancestors were prey). Communicating that idea to others in your group means that all of you now have the weapon and the ability to defend yourselves increases. That the idea that using a weapon to defend yourself is
correct obviously enhances survival.
Note, these questions are only directed at a universe whose origin is:
randomness, chance
and its guidance is:
more chance, random laws of nature, and a whole lot of time
Peace
You have a misconception about the nature of the universe here. The processes within the universe are
not either random or chance. For instance, gravity is not random. It is
always attractive. Chemistry and chemical reactions are
not either random or chance. When you react oxygen and hydrogen, you
always get H2O. Never H3O, HO2, H3O2, or any other combination.
In natural selection, "random" refers
only the relationship of variations to the needs of the individual or population. In a climate growing warmer, just as many deer will be born with longer fur as shorter fur. The variation in length of fur is random. However,
selection is the
opposite of random. It is pure determinism. Only the shorter furred deer will do well in a climate that is warmer.
Bottom line, God didn't create a "random" universe. However, God did create a
material universe and a
complete material universe. That means that our material brain is sufficient to explain our thoughts and thinking. You can't invoke God to fill in "gaps" in the universe. That is unBiblical and unChristian.