The one and only teacher of parables in the New Testament is Christ
Himself. The Epistles, although they often employ rhetorical allegories and
similes, make absolutely no use of the parable, so common in Christs
pedagogical methods. The distribution of these in the Canonical Gospels is
unequal, and they are strictly confined to the three Synoptic Gospels. Mark
again has only one peculiar to this book, namely, the Seed Growing in
Secret (
<410426>Mark 4:26), and he gives only three others that are found also
in Matthew and Luke, namely the Sower, the Mustard Seed, and the
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Wicked Husbandman, so that the bulk of the parables are found in the First
and the Third Gospels. Two are common to Matthew and Luke, namely
the Leaven (
<401333>Matthew 13:33; <421321>Luke 13:21) and the Lost Sheep
(<401812>Matthew 18:12; <421503>Luke 15:3 ff). Of the remaining parables, 18 are
found only in Luke and 10 only in Matthew. Lukes 18 include some of the
finest, namely, the Two Debtors, the Good Samaritan, the Friend at
Midnight, the Rich Fool, the Watchful Servants, the Barren Fig Tree, the
Chief Seats, the Great Supper, the Rash Builder, the Rash King, the Lost
Coin, the Lost Son, the Unrighteous Steward, the Rich Man and Lazarus,
the Unprofitable Servants, the Unrighteous Judge, the Pharisee and
Publican, and the Pounds. The 10 peculiar to Matthew are the Tares, the
Hidden Treasure, the Pearl of Great Price, the Draw Net, the Unmerciful
Servant, the Laborers in the Vineyard, the Two Sons, the Marriage of the
Kings Son, the Ten Virgins, and the Talents. There is some uncertainty as
to the exact number of parables we have from Christ, as the Marriage of
the Kings Son is sometimes regarded as a different recension of the Great
Supper, and the Talents of the Pounds. Other numberings are suggested by
Trench, Julicher and others.