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Where does morality come from?

Ken-1122

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Man, that is a crazy scenario and one I don't think would ever happen.
I don’t think it would happen either; it’s just a scenario I made up to make a point
But if it did it would be a very hard situation to work out.
If morality were objective, it would be as easy to work out as 1+1=2
Nevertheless, I think that all parties would be morally wrong in whatever they do and it is a catch 22 situation.
Catch 22 situations only exist in that which is subjective
But I don't think this situation changes the fact that it is objectively wrong to abuse a child.
using your own words.
*Point to something objective that is also a catch 22
*Point to something objective that is also hard to work out
I don't think it acts as a justification either. It would just be one of those situations where someone is forced to do the wrong thing either way.
Wrong either way? I think the right thing to do would be to sacrifice one person to save 10 million. Now; either you agree with me or you provide facts that prove me wrong. Otherwise you have to admit this is a subjective situation.
 
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Kylie

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But we are not talking about subjective morality. I am saying that you would have to come up with a defeater that our moral experience doesn't point to there being objective morals to the point that it doesn't just show that our moral experience is fallible or worthless but that it is completely unreliable, that we may recognize no objective moral values or duties whatsoever. Your defeater would have to be equivalent to showing that our reality is not what it is and that we are a brain in a jar being fed that the reality we experience.

I'm sorry, are you just assuming that morality is not subjective in order to show it is not subjective?

As mentioned before the measure is in the lived experience (how people act/react). How a person reacts to being wronged rather than the subjective moral view they claim. How society imposes certain morals on people and tells them they have to conform and that their subjective views don't matter.

And my lived experience is that Star Trek is better than Star Wars.

So I guess that means that Star Trek is OBJECTIVELY better than Star Wars, not matter what the Star Wars fans say.

And just because they think child abuse is OK are they objectively right. Should we not say there is something evil in them thinking that. Or just say that's OK for you to have that view and not declare it immoral. We can claim it is objectively wrong to think child abuse is good.

No, they are not objectively right. Because morality is not objective at all.

I think there is a misunderstanding here. I am not saying there is no subjective morality. I am saying there is also objective morality and some of the morals people think are subjective and agree on are actually objective.

The point is just because a person has a view that child abuse is OK doesn't mean they are morally right. We have an inner voice telling us that it is wrong and the person claiming it is OK is actually morally wrong. They have no right to that opinion as it is evil. But if people really did support subjective morality they would say that the person claiming child abuse has every right to say that and live by that view.

And the fact is that what you say is what happens - there are plenty of people who DO live their lives believing it is okay to abuse children. But their opinion that it is okay is just that - an opinion. Just like how my opinion that it is wrong is also an opinion. Like I've been saying so many times I've lost count - morality is subjective! But you'd better believe that if I saw someone abusing a child I'd do whatever I could to stop it. Because my morality - as subjective as it is - demands that I step in to help people who are being abused.

First, we have to agree that child abuse is objectively morally wrong. Any compromise to this based on a justified moral reason doesn't change the fact that child abuse is objectively morally wrong. A relative situation doesn't change the objective moral. It just changes the situation relative to the circumstances.

Are you for real?

You are asking me to agree that abusing children is objectively morally wrong when my entire argument is that it is subjectively morally wrong?

Do you even know what those words even mean? Because you sure don't act like you do.

For example, a child who needs to have a medical procedure that may inflict pain or harm to them. Without the procedure, the child may suffer more or even die. It is a parent's moral duty to ensure their child is well looked after. These is two moral objectives come into conflict for which we have to accommodate both. Objective morality doesn't mean it cannot accommodate relative situations. This is different from a person's subjective perception of things that comes from the person.

Okay, here's a situation for you.

You find a crashed car. Inside is a trapped person. You need to free them or they will be killed when the car explodes in just a few minutes. You can free them, but it will mean that their hand is hopelessly broken. They beg you not to damage their hand - they are a musician and being able to play music is the only thing that gives them a reason to continue living. If their hand is broken they can't play, and they will sink into depression and want to die. They tell you that they would rather die than live without being able to play.

What is the objectively moral thing to do here? Do you save them and condemn them to a life of unending misery?

Please explain then.

There are plenty of threads I am involved in for the discussion of evolution. Please feel free to tag me in one of them with any questions you have. But let's not derail this thread, okay?

So you're saying there are people who would not react to their child being sexually abused as being wrong and would think it is good.

Yes. There are some people out there who think it's perfectly acceptable to abuse children. There are even people out there who abuse their own children. There are people out there who allow their children to be abused by others.

Yes, not only that but your view would be just as valid and right as the person saying it is not OK to abuse children with justification.

I'm not saying I think their moral ideas are right, but such a person would be as sure their morality was right as I think mine is right. The difference is most people agree with my morality on this particular issue. My moral position on other issues would probably not have such widespread agreement, such as issues of gay marriage, pre-marital sex, open relationships, etc.

You can present your subjective moral view as your opinion only. What I am saying is that people act and react like morals are objective. They don't just present morals as their view but insist that their view is right for others. That is how people and society live (lived experience).

Yes, people act like their morals are objective, but as I have said countless times already, people believing that their morals are objective does not mean they ARE objective.

I did before. Say the objective moral is it is wrong to go into someone's house and eat from a pantry. The relative situation is that for the homeowner it is OK to enter their house and eat from the pantry. But it is wrong for a stranger to do that at my house. So things change according to the relative situation but it doesn't change the fact that it is objectively wrong to go into someone's house and eat from a pantry.

This doesn't actually answer my question. I'm asking for an example of such relativity in regards to something objective that is NOT morality.

The reason that I am asking is because I think you're making up this idea to get around the fact that you can't show morals are objective, so you add in this relative notion to explain the subjective nature of them without admitting they are subjective.

How can it be subjective when it only allows a rare exception which is also a moral objective. I thought subjective morality allowed all views. This example denies may view except a rare one. That surely cannot be classed as subjective. You are getting the relative situation mixed up with subjectiveness.

How can it be subjective when most people agree with it? It's not a popularity contest! Even if every person on the planet said Star Trek is better than Star Wars, it would still be a subjective opinion.

Howard the Duck is regarded as one of the worst movies ever made. Most people who have seen it think it's terrible. But that doesn't change the fact that it's still just a subjective opinion. Subjective opinions do not become objective just because they are widespread.
 
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Kylie

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So that doesn't mean it is OK. It is usually the kid who comes out for the worst. The ironic thing is those same parents would react if someone else abused their child or any child in the same way.

I never said it was okay. :mad:

Do not misrepresent my position like that again. If you suggest that I think child abuse is acceptable I will report your post.

The point is they are acting against what they have claimed and believed which is strong support as this usually indicates the truth. The point is the only way you can provide evidence for objective morality is in how people really believe (lived experience). If objective morality is real and they are in everyone then sooner or later people will express them.

How in the world do you figure this?

If someone says that their morality is objective, the fact that morality is really subjective does not mean that the person in question is suddenly going to start doing the opposite of what they claim their morality is.

Seriously, how you reached that conclusion is a mystery to me.

OK, I agree. But do you think that the view that the other person holds that child abuse is good is an equal and legitimate view to have and something the person can also act on under a subjective moral system?

I do not think that the idea that child abuse is acceptable in any way is equally deserving respect as my opinion that child abuse is reprehensible. Because child abuse does demonstrable harm to people.


There are many reasons. As I said before, some moral views might lead to a person causing demonstrable harm to people. Also, we are social creatures and we live in a social setting. We have to have an agreed upon system of morality to help keep that society working. Hence we have laws against murder and child abuse, etc. But that does NOT mean that the moral opinions used to form those laws are objective. Remember - lots of people can agree on something without that thing being an objective fact.
 
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Kylie

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No our perception of our experiences is subjective. The actual experience itself is objective. It is fact how we act/react. That's why I said people can claim (verbalize) that they have subjective morals and for example have the view that child But when their own child is abused their action/reaction will be that it is wrong. There is no subjective view here just a physical reaction that can be observed.

You are right. The actual event is objective and it is our perception of that event that is subjective.

However, since people base their morals on what they perceive happened instead of the objective view of what really happened, those morals are based on subjective perceptions of an experience, and so the morals themselves are subjective.

Once again you have to come up with more than just saying that we are not justified to believe there are moral objectives based on this. If people's sense of the physical world is what they experience which tells them it is real then likewise peoples experience of morality is what tells them what is real. You would have to come up with a defeater that proved objective morality is totally unreliable and humans can not realize any objective morals whatsoever. Just like proving our physical world is a totally unreliable representation of reality.

Why do I need more?

I've said that we can't claim that subjective experiences lead to objective morals. If you claim I am wrong, you need to show me where I am wrong at the very least.

You can't say that people's experiences make morals objective when you've already agreed that our perception of those experiences is subjective.

No, refer to the above logical argument. Like I said my grammar is not very good and I may not have explained it properly.

Regardless of your grammar, your argument is flawed.

You can not get an objectively true output when all of the input is subjective.

Sorry, I understand that you believe that. I was speaking generally again. But if there is no ultimate right and wrong then how do people with subjective views measure what is right and wrong ultimately to see if what they say is correct.

They figure it out for themselves, using empathy and consideration of others. I don't steal from people because I know it would hurt them. I know it would hurt them because it would hurt me if someone stole from me. I understand that hardship I would face from such a theft, and since I have empathy for my fellow people, I don't want to put others through that same kind of hardship.

Yes, I agree. That is under subjective morality because there is no measure for telling what is objectively good or bad. Their views are just different and not really morally bad or good for that matter. So a mental case can say he believes killing people for fun is OK and no one can say they are objectively morally wrong. There is no distinction that they are mad and maybe wrong.

Correct. No one could say this person is OBJECTIVELY wrong. But I think most people would agree that he is SUBJECTIVELY wrong.

No, I am not shifting the burden of proof but rather trying to show you that you cannot convince anyone that your moral position is right under the subjective system. That's because there is no objective basis for measuring right and wrong in the first place. The whole exercise is trying to build a moral case out of nothing. It amounts to a salesperson trying to convince someone to buy their product.

True, I can't demonstrate that something I believe to be wrong is actually wrong the same way that I can demonstrate that 1+1=2, but I can make a case based on shared experiences.

Yes but some situations are more tricky than others and require more thought. But we shouldn't get relativity confused with subjectivity. As explained earlier objective morality can accommodate relative situations without changing the status of objective morality.

And as I've said, I think you've just introduced that whole concept just as a way to get around the fact that objective morality doesn't work.

In any case, if there is an objective morality, it should work no matter what the case is, so let's not get bogged down with issues that delve into the junk food industry or tobacco industry as well, okay?

For example, the objective truth that we should drive on the correct side of the road to avoid causing an accident and killing someone. In some countries, they drive on the right side of the road, and in others like the UK, they drive on the left. That is relative to each country. But the objective truth that we should drive on the correct side of the road to avoid killing someone remains the same.

So I guess overtaking is objectively wrong when there's only a single lane in each direction?
 
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stevevw

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I don’t think it would happen either; it’s just a scenario I made up to make a point
What point.

If morality were objective, it would be as easy to work out as 1+1=2
So the objective moral is don't sexually abuse children. That still stands despite your scenario.

Catch 22 situations only exist in that which is subjective
No subjective morality is the perception of the situation. A catch 22 situation is the situation.

using your own words.
*Point to something objective that is also a catch 22
*Point to something objective that is also hard to work out
How does the situation change the fact that sexually abusing a child is objectively wrong.

Wrong either way? I think the right thing to do would be to sacrifice one person to save 10 million. Now; either you agree with me or you provide facts that prove me wrong. Otherwise, you have to admit this is a subjective situation.
That's an either and or logical fallacy. So you are saying by sexually abusing the child to save the 10 million it is therefore morally good to sexually abuse that child. Let me ask would you be willing to sexually abuse the child.
 
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stevevw

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What constitutes a justified reason? If a justified reason exists, then the answer to my question, which I'll refresh your memory was "Is that always wrong?", is NO.

That is, you have said, that a justified reason for killing a child can exist. Right?
Yes, objective morals are always wrong. Having a justified reason against that objective moral doesn't change the fact it is always wrong. A justified reason is only another objective moral that clashes with the objective moral. For example, killing in self-defense. If you kill a person who is trying to kill your family you are justified in doing so as not to do so would make you culpable of killing yourself. The moral to protect life and treat it as precious. By not acting you are allowing the killer to do his killing and therefore aiding him.

But this in no way changes the objective moral not to kill. It does not make the self-defense killing a good moral act. The person who kills the killer will still feel the guilt of taking a life but was forced to act in a situation where there was little choice. So we could say unjustified killing is objectively wrong. If it was subjective morality then not only would it be justified to kill in self-defence but all subjective moral views would be justified as well. But they are not so the objectiveness is still upheld.
 
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stevevw

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I would like it if there is someone else that supports objective morality to have a say as I feel I am dominating things and having to address 4 or 5 people and I have not got the time to do this. Plus it would allow someone else who may be able to explain things better as I feel we are going around in circles. But then maybe that is how it is in that people will believe what they will believe.

Of course, the premise for objective morality is that there has to be a moral lawgiver. So maybe people don't want to acknowledge objective morality because they don't believe in God. At this stage, I would like to post an article from someone else who does explain things better than I. The video only goes for 5 minutes but I think it covers what I am saying.
The Moral Argument | Reasonable Faith
 
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Ken-1122

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So the objective moral is don't sexually abuse children. That still stands despite your scenario.
No, my scenario proves the idea "don't sexually abuse children" is subjective not objective.
How does the situation change the fact that sexually abusing a child is objectively wrong.
The fact that you can't objectively prove it wrong shows it is subjective not objective.
That's an either and or logical fallacy. So you are saying by sexually abusing the child to save the 10 million it is therefore morally good to sexually abuse that child. Let me ask would you be willing to sexually abuse the child.
Answer my question first then I will answer yours. Again; prove my answer objectively wrong.
 
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stevevw

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No, my scenario proves the idea "don't sexually abuse children" is subjective not objective.
How so

The fact that you can't objectively prove it wrong shows it is subjective, not objective.
I already have shown that it is objectively wrong. Everyone including yourself thinks that sexually abusing a child is wrong. The fact that they are being forced to do that horrible act doesn't change the fact that it is wrong and will always be wrong. Are you saying that people think that it is morally good to sexually abuse a child? Or are you saying that someone is being forced to do something wrong in order to save people?

Answer my question first then I will answer yours. Again; prove my answer objectively wrong.
So I have answered your question. The fact that everyone involved thinks it is objectively wrong to sexually abuse a child including yourself shows that they know it is objectively wrong to do that act. You cannot even bring yourself to acknowledge that it is wrong by saying you could not do it or that anyone doing it is being morally good.
 
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Ken-1122

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Because I provided a scenario where it could be considered the better option
I already have shown that it is objectively wrong. Everyone including yourself thinks that sexually abusing a child is wrong. The fact that they are being forced to do that horrible act doesn't change the fact that it is wrong and will always be wrong.
Just because everybody agrees to something does not make it objective. As was pointed out before, everyone used to believe the Earth was flat! Was that objective? No.
Are you saying that people think that it is morally good to sexually abuse a child? Or are you saying that someone is being forced to do something wrong in order to save people?
I am saying it is wrong to abuse a child based on subjectively; not objectivity.
You need to understand; subjective moral values mean just as much to me as objective moral values mean to you. Until you can understand that, you won't understand subjective morality
So I have answered your question. The fact that everyone involved thinks it is objectively wrong to sexually abuse a child including yourself shows that they know it is objectively wrong to do that act. You cannot even bring yourself to acknowledge that it is wrong by saying you could not do it or that anyone doing it is being morally good.
Again; just because you, I, and everybody else agree on something does not make it objective.
 
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Ken-1122

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I would like it if there is someone else that supports objective morality to have a say as I feel I am dominating things and having to address 4 or 5 people and I have not got the time to do this. Plus it would allow someone else who may be able to explain things better as I feel we are going around in circles. But then maybe that is how it is in that people will believe what they will believe.

Of course, the premise for objective morality is that there has to be a moral lawgiver. So maybe people don't want to acknowledge objective morality because they don't believe in God. At this stage, I would like to post an article from someone else who does explain things better than I. The video only goes for 5 minutes but I think it covers what I am saying.
The Moral Argument | Reasonable Faith

I watched the video and pointed out where I disagree.

.40
If God does not exist, objective moral values do not exist.

Reply - Okay! God does not exist, and objective moral values do not exist; such values are strictly subjective.

1.00
Without an objective reference point, we have no way of saying if something is good or bad; God provides this reference point.

Reply - The only way your God can be a reference point is if everybody made him a reference point which everybody does not. Your God is no more a reference point than I am; that’s why good and bad is completely subjectively.

1:10
Without God, all we have is one person’s viewpoint which is no more valid than everyone else's view point.

Reply- With God, all you have is your God’s viewpoint which is no more valid than my viewpoint.

1:42
In a world without God, there is no good or evil; just blind indifference

Reply - No, you are forgetting about subjective good or evil.

1:46
God has expressed his moral nature to us via his commands

Reply - What makes God’s commands any more valid than mine?

2:33
God is the standard for moral values

Reply - So am I!

3:00
If Atheism is true, there are no ultimate standard so there can be no moral obligations or duties

Reply - There is no ultimate standard, but we do have moral obligations and duties to our neighbor

3:02
Who or what lays such duties upon us?

Reply - Society.

3:15
To atheists, humans are just highly evolved animals, but animals don’t have any moral obligations to one another

Reply - Human animals do!

3:26
If a cat kills a mouse the cat has done nothing wrong. If God doesn’t exist, we should view human behavior the same way

Reply - No; because as you said earlier; humans are highly evolved animals so we view human behavior differently

3:45
Just as our physical experiences tells us the physical world is objectively real, our moral experiences should tell us our moral values are objectively real

Reply - To borrow from your previous example, the physical world applies to all animals; not just humans. Morality does not apply to all animals, only humans. The reason is because the physical world is objective. Anything objective will apply to everything not just humans; unlike morality.

4:19
The man who says it is morally acceptable to rape children is just as mistaken as saying 2+2=5

Reply - Can you demonstrate raping children is wrong the way you can demonstrate 2+2=5 is wrong? If not you can’t compare the two.

4:37
What all this amounts to is a moral argument for the existence of God. If God does not exist, objective moral values don’t exist; if God does exist, objective moral values do exist. Because moral values exist, God exist.

Reply - Belief in God requires faith because there is no proof that he exists. For someone who does not believe in your God, his moral values no more exist than your God exist.
 
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stevevw

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You are right. The actual event is objective and it is our perception of that event that is subjective.

However, since people base their morals on what they perceive happened instead of the objective view of what really happened, those morals are based on subjective perceptions of an experience, and so the morals themselves are subjective.
But only subjective to the person.

Why do I need more?
because just saying that our sense of objective experience is not real is not enough. You need to show how it is not real. The same as you would have to show that our sense of the physical world is not real.

I've said that we can't claim that subjective experiences lead to objective morals. If you claim I am wrong, you need to show me where I am wrong at the very least.

You can't say that people's experiences make morals objective when you've already agreed that our perception of those experiences is subjective.
I never said anything about subjective experiences leading to objective morals. I said our moral experience (the reactions we have to situations and with other people) indicate that we know certain things are objectively wrong. It has nothing to do with perception but rather a physical reaction in a certain way that we can't help but do despite our subjective view and claims.

Regardless of your grammar, your argument is flawed.

You can not get an objectively true output when all of the input is subjective.
But it is not an input. It is output. A reaction that is objective. So its an action and not a thought or perception of an action or experience. It just happens and we can't help but react that way.

They figure it out for themselves, using empathy and consideration of others. I don't steal from people because I know it would hurt them. I know it would hurt them because it would hurt me if someone stole from me. I understand that hardship I would face from such a theft, and since I have empathy for my fellow people, I don't want to put others through that same kind of hardship.
But your using qualities of good and bad, right and wrong. What ultimate measure are you using to determine these things are good in the first place. Why is it so important to have empathy and not hurt people if there is no ultimate right and wrong. If you are just socially programmed to do that from an evolutionary process.

Correct. No one could say this person is OBJECTIVELY wrong. But I think most people would agree that he is SUBJECTIVELY wrong.
So how can you appeal to objective morals of good or bad to figure out what is good and bad when there is no true good or bad. It is just an illusionary game people are playing with themselves and each other under subjective morality.

True, I can't demonstrate that something I believe to be wrong is actually wrong the same way that I can demonstrate that 1+1=2, but I can make a case based on shared experiences.
But that is no different from sharing likes and dislikes for food and means nothing about right and wrong morally.

And as I've said, I think you've just introduced that whole concept just as a way to get around the fact that objective morality doesn't work.
No these are relevant aspects of the moral argument. The examples I have give come from articles on the subject. I didn't just make that up. This is something I have studied supported by moral philosophy.

In any case, if there is an objective morality, it should work no matter what the case is, so let's not get bogged down with issues that delve into the junk food industry or tobacco industry as well, okay?
Fair enough

So I guess overtaking is objectively wrong when there's only a single lane in each direction?
Like I said some situations may need more thinking. That is another relative situation. So there are safe places with markings on the road and signs that tell the person when they can overtake. But the objective truth that driving on the wrong side of the road still upholds because of the fact that there are precautions that tell you that you can only do it in the designated places because you risk having an accident and killing someone.

That tells us that the system still recognizes that driving on the wrong side of the road is dangerous and wrong. Otherwise, try and imagine a person with a subjective view that driving on the wrong side of the road is OK. People would say it is not OK. Then the person would have to qualify that only where there are signs to safely take over. So they have contradicted their own subjective views. Then the other people would say so it is not OK to just drive on the wrong side of the road then.
 
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stevevw

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But not the one that does the abusing. He/she inevitably thinks they were justified.
Yes, that's true. So can we make an assessment of that? Are we able to say that the person is morally wrong and condemn them?
 
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ToddNotTodd

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I don't think people intuitively knew the earth was flat.

False. I’ve met people who’ve told me that it’s intuitively obvious that the earth is flat.

Regardless, like I said, intuition doesn’t lead to objective truth, since intuition can be wrong.

Also, you didn’t answer my question. Why is it objectively wrong to hurt children?
 
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Eight Foot Manchild

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I remain thoroughly unconvinced that the concept of 'objective value' is anything other than an oxymoron. Value is necessarily subjective, and does not magically become 'objective' by deriving from a god.
 
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Moral Orel

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I remain thoroughly unconvinced that the concept of 'objective value' is anything other than an oxymoron. Value is necessarily subjective, and does not magically become 'objective' by deriving from a god.
Even though I come down on the side of subjectivity in morals, I have knocked around the idea that pleasure is intrinsically valuable. True, it takes a subject to experience it and value it, but no one can not enjoy it. No one can not value it. So where it exists, it is valuable.
 
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Tinker Grey

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Yes, that's true. So can we make an assessment of that? Are we able to say that the person is morally wrong and condemn them?
But the problem here is why does the abuser NOT think they are wrong. Shouldn't something objectively true lead all who consider a case to come to the same conclusion?

A rock in my front yard is objectively there. All who come to my yard will come to that conclusion.

The very fact that we cannot agree on morality shows it to be subjective.
 
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Ken-1122

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Even though I come down on the side of subjectivity in morals, I have knocked around the idea that pleasure is intrinsically valuable. True, it takes a subject to experience it and value it, but no one can not enjoy it. No one can not value it. So where it exists, it is valuable.
Which pleasure are you referring to that everybody must value or enjoy; all of them? Some?
 
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