First question is, what doctrines must be believed in order for a denomination to be considered Christian? And what denominations would not be considered Christian.
The word you might be looking for is Orthodoxy, or Orthodox doctrine. If something that a denomination/sect/cult teaches is not orthodox, it is suspect of error. (This, 'orthodox', is the same word, but unrelated to Eastern Orthodox or Russian Orthodox, or any other particular denomination.)
There are NO doctrines that all denominations agree on, if 'denominations' includes cults. There are orthodox doctrines that are common to all Christians, to include this part-list:
Monotheism
God self-existent omnipotent omniscient transcendent immanent immutable eternal (and several more)
Creator of everything else
Deity of Christ
Three person Godhead
Sacrifice of Jesus the Christ in our place for sin
Christ's Death, Burial and Resurrection
Salvation by grace through faith
Regeneration, Sanctification and Resurrection of Believers
Believers to be glorified in Heaven, all things made new, God's dwelling place with man. He their God, and they his people
66 book canon of the Word of God (at least—the Roman Catholic church, for example, includes the apocrypha, 'nuff said.
ORTHODOXY:
orthodoxy at DuckDuckGo Definitions 5 - 8
- Soundness of faith; a belief in the doctrines taught in the Scriptures, or in some established standard of faith; -- opposed to heterodoxy or to heresy.
- Consonance to genuine Scriptural doctrines; -- said of moral doctrines and beliefs. "the orthodoxy of a creed"
- By extension, said of any generally accepted doctrine or belief; the orthodox practice or belief.
- Correctness in doctrine and belief