If all you're concerned about is quick weight loss then the Atkins diet is probably the thing for you. I'm very pleased to see that no one here is recommending that since it's not only a short-term plan, it's fairly dangerous. But it will produce quick weight loss in the short term through forcing your body into an unnatural and unhealthy state known as ketosis. Much of the immediate weight loss is due to metabolism of muscle tissue and the accompanying water loss.
I've also seen several recommendations to start an exercise routine and I'll strongly echo that recommendation. Anything you eat, regardless of what it is, can be turned to fat if you eat more calories than you burn. Sugar has long been the villain of those wishing to lose weight but this is almost a myth. Sugar does tend to stimulate the appetite but it's also the first thing your body will burn if you're burning the calories you consume. Anything you digest but don't burn can be turned to fat by the body. Processed sugar does have some other nasty effects that you will want to avoid such as providing spikes in insulin levels which will quickly deplete the sugar in your blood. You will experience this as a sharp rise in energy levels followed quickly by a sharp decline to a point of feeling sluggish.
When it comes to losing weight, it really does come down to calories in verses calories burned. When it comes to maintaining good health, it gets a little more complicated. To start with, it's good to know where your calories come from. The basic nutrients fall into three catagories;
carbohydrates,
protein and
fat. Carbohydrates are usually broken down into simple and complex carbohydrates. The simple carbs are processed sugars, corn syrup, etc. Complex carbohydrates are those which the body has to process a bit more before it can metabolize them. This prevents the insulin spikes and the sharp fluctuation of energy levels common with simple carbohydrates. Fats are easy to blame for weight gain but you do need some fat in your diet. The problem is, you need far less than most of us eat. Proteins are all the rage today but it's just as important to regulate your intake of protein as your intake of carbohydrates and fat. Contrary to popular belief, you
can eat too much protein and since it's actually difficult to eat too little, you're probably eating way more than necessary since most people in developed countries do. Protein does not provide energy. It's a nutrient designed for building and rebuilding body tissues but the body has an extremely limited ability to burn protein for energy. It can, however, convert it to fat. That fat can then be broken down into ketone bodies and those can be converted to energy. This is what you'll want to have happen as you exercise. So how much protein do you need? Estimates vary but most people would be shocked to see how little is actually necessary to maintain optimum health;
Human Protein Requirements, according to...
...reports in the American Journal of Nutrition: 2½% of total calories
...The World Health Organization: 4½% of total calories
...The Food and Nutrition Board: 4½% of total calories
...The National Research Council: 8% of total calories
How much protein do most people eat? Well, if you live in the United States or a country with a similar diet, you're probably eating over 30% of your calories as protein. Think about how many cases of protein deficiency you've heard of in developed countries. In fact, think about how many cases of any kind of deficiency diseases you hear of in developed countries. Chances are you don't know of a single case of scurvy, beriberi, pellegra or kwashiokor. Now consider diseases of excess such as heart disease, osteoporosis, diabetes or certain types of kidney disfunction. People take vitamins like their life depends on supplimental sources of nutrients but this is expensive and completely unnecessary if your diet is even close to balanced. It makes a lot of money for the vitamin companies and it makes people think they're healthier but many of those people are in line for a stroke or heart attack. If you look at the top ten causes of death in the U.S. for 2001 (and most any other year in recent decades), you'll see that heart disease, cancer and stroke account for over 74% of all deaths. Deaths due to some kind of deficiency aren't even on the list.
Some people will be quick to point out to you that osteoporosis is a deficiency disease. Even some doctors will tell you this but doctors are not trained in nutrition. Nutritionists will explain that osteoporosis does manifest itself as a deficiency of calcium in the bones but that's not what causes it. People in America eat far more calcium than people in less developed nations yet we lead the world in incidents of osteoporosis. The number of cases of osteoporosis qualifies it as a true epidemic in the U.S. So what causes it? It's caused by an excess of protein. Whenever you eat anything, certain amounts of the nutrients in the food will enter the blood stream. The blood has a natural pH level that the body will try to maintain. This is between 7.36 and 7.44 on the pH scale. Different nutrients will change that pH level from more alkaline to more acidic. Protein just happens to cause the pH level of the blood to become acidic. So the body does what it's designed to do. It draws calcium, (a base), from the skeletal system into the blood to return the blood to the proper pH level. Most of that calcium is then excreted in the urine which causes extra work for the kidneys and increases the chance of developing kidney stones. If you eat a lot of protein, it's easy to excrete more calcium per day than your body can assimilate.
Acid Forming Foods (Acidity: m-equiv. per 100g)
Larger numbers means more acidicFried Calves Liver - 46.9
Roasted Chicken - 25.4
Grilled Beefsteak - 23.5
Boiled, Lean Ham - 22.3
Poached Eggs - 19.7
Fried Haddock - 14.0
Cheddar Cheese - 5.4
Base Forming Foods (Base Capacity: m-equiv. per 100g)
Larger numbers means more alkalineBoiled Spinach - 39.6
Dried Raisins - 27.0
Almonds - 18.3
Potatoes (baked in skin) - 10.0
Raw Carrots - 9.0
Raw Tomatos - 5.6
Raw Apples - 3.0
Fresh raw peas - 1.2
Source: McCance, R.A., and Widdowson, E.M., "The Composition of Foods", pgs 22 and 124
To lose weight you will need to burn more calories than you consume. Once you've reached a healthy weight you need to burn as many calories as you consume. Where do your calories come from? Well, the simple answer is that a gram of carbohydrates contains 4 calories and a gram of protein also contains 4 calories but a gram of fat contains 9 calories. That's all well and good but we rarely consume any of those nutrients in pure form. They almost always come as a mixture. So it helps to look at some common foods and check their caloric density.
Which Foods Are Most Fattening? (calories per gram)
Bacon - 6.0
T-Bone Steak - 4.7
Salami - 4.5
Hamburger - 2.9
Browm Rice - 1.2
Spaghetti - 1.1
Sweet Potatoes - 1.0
White Potatoes - 0.6
Carrots - 0.4
Pumpkin - 0.3
Source: "Nutrition Value of American Foods in Common Units" U.S.D.A. Handbook No. 456
Generally speaking, animal based foods such as meat, fish, poultry and dairy are rich in fat and therefore, rich in calories. Animal based foods are also the only source of cholesterol in your diet. Don't be fooled by the LDL verses HDL argument. Dietary cholesterol is simply undesirable. The foods that many people will warn you away from such as pasta and potatoes are really quite light in calories while providing plenty of carbohydrates to quickly burn off as you exercise.
When choosing an exercise routine, try to find something that elevates your heart rate but make sure it's something that you enjoy. If it's not fun, you won't stay with it. Cycling works for me, running for others. Dancing, swimming, hiking, skating, ballet and weight lifting are also good options though lifting heavy weights will tend to add bulky muscle to your frame which is probably not what you're looking for. Lean muscle mass produces less power but provides endurance. Sustained, intense exercise will burn calories while you exercise and continue to burn calories at an elevated rate for several minutes after you stop exercising.
So the simple answer is:
exercise, reduce your intake of the more fattening foods such as meats, poultry and dairy. This reduces overall caloric intake and reduces the acidic effect on your blood which lowers your risk of kidney disfunction and osteoporosis. Focus on grains, legumes and starchy
natural foods. Potatoes are a great food but if you pile them with sour cream and butter, you'll turn them into a fattening dish. The same goes for pasta, if you add lots of oily, meaty sauces, you'll add a lot of fat and some cholesterol which turns good food into unhealthy food and will add fat to your body. Use some sauces and seasoning but do so in moderation. Make sure to include some fruits and vegetables daily and reduce your intake of processed sugars.
Hope this helps.
