THE SONS OF GOD ARE HUMAN BEINGS
A conclusion of force that would settle the differences regarding the interpretation of the passages in question is not possible. The position one would take in regard to interpretation depends basically upon how one wishes to approach the subject and the specific reasons for adopting a certain theology regarding the subject. There will always be questions regarding the passages and there will never be a definitive conclusion to the conflicts.
The writer has taken the position that the "sons of God" are mainly the Sethite line, although there may have been godly members in other lineages as well. This position has been taken, not because of one specific aspect of the theory, but because taken together, the context of the Genesis 6 passage would lead one to that belief. In the absence of the references in Job, there is no question that an interpretation leading to a belief in the union of angels with human women would never be proposed.
The references in the New Testament are speculative in nature only, when an attempt is made to connect them with Genesis 6:1-2. They lead back to Genesis if one wishes to use that approach, but none of them specify or note a reference back to an incident regarding angels and human women. It is this lack of confirmation that compels one to read the Genesis narrative in light of the contextual flow of Chapter 4 into Chapter 5 and the resultant conclusion in chapter 6. It should be noted that the theory, in itself, cannot be understood as to the reason why it would happen and the relationship that it would have between God and man. The only possible meaning would be to lessen the responsibility of humanity in regard to the responsibility and accountability to sin. If the Genesis narrative is read form the viewpoint of accepting the theory, then this aspect of accountability becomes very confusing. It is only man who is seen as accountable, the angels never mentioned or held responsible for such strange and corrosive actions. It is not enough to claim that their sins catch up with them in Jude and II Peter.
If the book of Genesis is to be considered foundational to biblical understanding, then the intrusion of angels into the procreative activity of human beings reveals that part of the foundation is built on sand. No groundwork is laid for such a union in the entire book of Genesis and no teaching is given as to the nature, reason and purpose of such a union. In the rest of the Old Testament, no such teaching is given or even mentioned. If the Genesis 6:2 reference is in relation to angels, then no foundational teaching is developed regarding the incident and it is not until II Peter and Jude that a final, cryptic mention is made of the event. Even then, the specific union of angels with humans is not mentioned in II Peter and Jude. There is no foundational teaching given regarding such an event, there is no foundational theology developed in the scripture regarding such an event and there is no New Testament teaching that specifically identifies and speaks definitively regarding such an event.
The question will be proposed as to the identity of the spirits who were disobedient during the days of Noah, I Peter 3:20, if they do not refer to the theory of angels in Genesis 6:2. The answer to that question cannot be forced because of a rejection of a theory regarding angels and human women that proposes an answer that cannot be supported. The same question might be asked as to what the message was that was preached to those spirits, I Peter 3:19. There is no answer to the question of the proclamation because the scripture does not provide one. The scripture does not specifically identify the spirits just as it does not identify the message given to them. It is a speculation to identify either the spirits or the message.
It is just as great a speculation to identify the "sons of God" as angels in Genesis 6:2. Yet, many have used their speculations in order to base theological precepts on their conclusions. This is a dangerous road to follow because it leads to other speculations and theories, none of which can be proven and many which can be destructive to a right interpretation of doctrine.
As a final note, it is necessary to indicate some conclusions regarding the Genesis narrative. These are speculative in nature and not be considered conclusive:
1. The "sons of God" are the godly line of Seth and other lineages, both men and women.
2. The daughters of men are the women of both the line of Cain and the apostate lines of Seth and other lineages.
3. The Nephilim are better seen as the product of the Cainite line or as the angels themselves.
4. The mighty men and men of renown are the children of the godly line and the line of Cain.
5. The angels in Jude 6 could very well refer to the Nephilim or fallen angels.
6. The spirits of I Peter 3:19 are those of humanity during the time of Noah and are those of whom God removed His Spirit. They are a unique group of unbelieving humanity who did not understand when the flood came, because they had deliberately abandoned God and God had removed His Spirit from them. It was the Spirit who provided the only channel by which they could obtain understanding. The message He preached to them in prison was His triumph over sin and their coming condemnation in judgment for their unbelief.
The union of the "sons of God" and the daughters of men is an example, just as the genealogies are examples in Chapters 4 and 5. The genealogies only mention the male members, but the female members of the families are also included by implication. The reality is that there was a union of sons and daughters from both lines. There are sons and daughters of the godly line becoming unequally yoked with sons and daughters of the line of Cain. The Genesis narrative is a recitation regarding the sin and accountability of humanity. Because of the actions of humanity, sin was significant, it was pervasive and it resulted in judgment. The marriages of the "sons of God" and the daughters of men were examples of being unequally yoked. The "sons of God" may have been apostate, so the union was one of equals in character, but it was their charge to be of the godly line and by that definition they were unequally yoked with a world that they were not to embrace.
In the progeny of the "sons of God" and the daughters of men is seen the results of the marriages between those who were unequally yoked. With the apostasy of the godly line, the "sons of God", it is now shown the base ingratitude and lack of understanding inherent in the human character. God had granted a gift to the line of Seth, a special and sacred privilege of keeping apart, from the world, and being the worshippers and representatives of God, that the people of Cain despised and rejected. God had made a prohibition in granting them the privilege of not becoming part of the profane and desperately corrupt society around them. Yet, even with the testimony of Adam and the patriarchs, the godly line began to drift from the provision and care of God. They began not to understand their position in relation to God and viewed their position and status only in relation to the society to which they were to be in opposition. As with Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, God made the prohibition that was for their benefit and good. Yet, they did not see it that way. They saw the prohibition as the negative, something that prevented the obtaining of the good in their lives. Just as with Adam and Eve, to honor the prohibition was to live, but to ignore it was to die, this time in a flood. With that people, is revealed the same manner of conduct that was the way of Adam and Eve, and Cain. The godly line began to doubt the God they were charged to represent and doubt the character and necessity of the relationship they had with Him. The familiar pattern now emerged as the godly line began to see itself out from, and away from the context of its relationship to God. The apostasy resulted from the action of the godly line and their failure to deal correctly with temptation, just as did Adam and Eve, and Cain.
THE NATURE OF TEMPTATION
A. Doubt about God
1. Doubt the motives of God. Do not want knowledge of Him, Job 21:14.
2. Doubt the benefit of God. No profit in serving Him, Job 21:15.
3. Doubt the reality of God. What can God do to us? Job 21:15.
B. Desire for something other
1. Desire of the body. Sensual lust, Genesis 6:2.
2. Desire of sight. Only the beautiful women, Genesis 6:2.
3. Desire of pride. Took all they chose, Genesis 6:2.
It is with temptation being allowed to progress in their lives that the godly line began to abandon God and their spiritual heritage. In the face of overwhelming evidence, the testimony of Adam and Eve, the testimony of the patriarchs, the commands of God and the continuous object lesson in the form of the two cherubim and the fiery sword that were still visible at the entrance to the Garden of Eden, the godly line abandoned their standing under the care of God and aligned themselves with the way of Cain.
The temptation had once more come from within the character of man, expressing itself in apostasy, rejecting the care and provision of God. Once more the godly line revealed the doubt that temptation brings. Temptation doubted the value and benefit of the godly life and saw in the cities and societies of the world what appeared to be a better way, a way that was good and had been denied to them by God. Once more, not just the Cainite line, but the godly line saw that way as the better way, the good way. It was that choice, regarding what the good would be, that resulted in the taking. This time, the taking was all of the elements of the previous taking combined, with even more elements added. It was a taking of the way of Cain and the lifestyle that was represented in that civilization.
ELEMENTS OF THE TAKING
1. Taking the way of Cain, Genesis 4:23, I John 3:12.
2. Taking of wives of whomever they chose, Genesis 6:2.
3. Taking of multiple wives, Genesis 4:19, Genesis 6:2.
4. Taking of the wives of others, Genesis 6:2.
5. Taking a lifestyle of corruption, Genesis 6:5, 11, 12.
6. Taking power, Genesis 6:2, 4.
7. Taking property, Genesis 6:4.
8. Taking honor, Genesis 6:4.
9. Taking God's place, Job 21:14-15, Job 22:17.
Once again, just as in the case of Adam and Eve, and Cain, there is an exchange of lordship, the making of oneself the standard and the ensuing personal actions result in rebellion and apostasy against God. Rebellion and apostasy leads to self-deification and once again to a cataclysm of the first magnitude, denial of the truthfulness of God and a resulting break in fellowship with God. God is always watching, seeing and judging. He sees the first of the apostates in the person of Cain, and he watches continually, throughout the period of the patriarchs, as the godly line becomes smaller, as more and more defect to the life and way of Cain. God waits patiently, as if, perhaps, the line would repent, however He has known from the beginning that it will not be so. There comes a point when God has determined that the limit is now reached; it is time for the judgment process to begin, and then comes the flood.
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