Under both theories, large clouds of interstellar gas and dust collapse under the force of gravity, or else under the force of a shock wave from another star that went supernova, or some other unnamed exogenous force.
actually, it's always gravity. shock waves can stir up a uniform gas to help speed the accreditation of hydrogen though.
The interstellar gas theories of star formation cannot be true, and here are my views on why:
1. The predominant constituent of the interstellar gas clouds is H2. However, H2 has a high amount of electrostatic repulsion. In essence, the atoms push away from each other to a large degree, and that force of repulsion is vastly greater than gravity, which is one of the weakest forces in nature. Thus, if you pop a balloon full of hydrogen or helium, the atoms will evenly fill the room and never come back together.
Er, hydrogen is electrostatically neutral. One proton and one electron each, no net charge. The presence of gravity increases the gas pressure and keeps the gas from dissipating just as earth's gravity holds nitrogen, oxygen, and CO2 at a certain pressure.
2. Radiation pressure also opposes the collapse of gas clouds. Any theoretical or misnamed "proto-star" within a gas cloud will emit radiation that effectively opposes the entrance of new particles to increase the size of the protostar, which would emit solar wind. Also, imagine a continuously exploding atomic bomb. Now imagine trying to walk toward that atomic bomb against the shock waves that it would emit. If any gas cloud managed to coalesce around the star, the gas cloud would become an atmosphere that would get blown away by the detonations within the "protostar."
Think about this for a second, how much energy does it take to put an object into orbit around earth? A whole lot. Now, extend that out to a much larger pull of a proto star. Then look at the size required for an effective solar sail in even an active star's orbit. The balance we see struck between the fusion in a star and the gravitational colapse is responsible for the volume of stars being so much larger than the hydrogen would otherwise be. This is whY dead stars and gas giants are more dense than stars. Jupiter, by the way, holds its hydrogen just fine despite its radiation output.
3. The force of gravity within a dispersed interstellar gas cloud is vastly insufficient to collapse the cloud to form a star/protostar. Even the force of gravity of the Earth, which is far more dense than interstellar gas clouds, is insufficient to retain hydrogen and helium in our atmosphere.
now this argument should seem wrong to you even at first blush. if the gravity of a hydrogen cloud was insufficient to hold a hydrogen cloud together, why are there hydrogen clouds? Now, looking a little closer look, things get even worse for your argument. Gravity is not a function of density but of mass and distance. We can artificially make things denser than earth's gravity would dictate. this doesn't make gravity stick them together as tight as we've made them. Why? The mass isn't there. now, in a hydrogen cloud, there is plenty of mass, it's just spread out. Now, as it colapses, the distance decreases increasing the effect of gravity greatly. halving the distance increase gravitational pull by four times. Gravity is the only fundamental force that effectively acts over great distance (EM can act over distance but the attractive and repulsive actions are balanced) so there really is much to keep it from collapsing until you reach distances where the expansion of space itself becomes a factor.
4. "Shockwaves from supernovae or other energetic astronomical processes" [
link] are insufficient to force a huge disbursed cloud of interstellar gas to come together. That would be akin to moving your hand through a room full of hydrogen gas. The moving hand does nothing more than increase turbulence, and turbulence opposes gravity. [
link]
The shock waves only provide a local concentration to seed the gravitational collapse into a star.
5. Under the Second Law of Thermodynamics, complex systems move from order to disorder. Thus, stars are in the business of transforming their intensely concentrated mass into waste electromagnetic energy and tiny particles that are spread throughout the universe, never to be concentrated again by natural forces. Moreover, exploding stars facially cannot create new stars [save whatever matter was left over]. Any stars that might theoretically form are insignificant second-order effects, much like little waves left over after a tsunami strikes land. An exploding balloon doesn't give rise to another balloon, and an exploding atomic bomb doesn't give rise to another atomic bomb.
you are apparently unaware that h bombs use a fission bomb to activate the fussion bomb. As far as thermodynamics, you've got it competely wrong. water flowing down hill, chemicals moving down their concentration gradient, etc. are examples of entropy increasing. hydrogen falling down a gravity well is THE EXACT SAME THING.
Dr. Russell Humphreys, a retired Sandia physicist, created a Creationist cosmological model that is related to star formation and makes a great deal of sense to me. It fits the natural laws and observational evidence. Genesis 1:2 says that at Time 0, there existed something called The Deep, a great rotating ball of water. Beginning at Time 0, the ball of water begins to collapse inward upon itself, stripping the water molecules and creating a giant fiery ball of plasma. Around 24 hours, light from the ball reaches the Schwarzschild radius of the ball and cannot escape ["He separated the light from the darkness"]. God then changes the cosmological constant to a very large number and converts the black hole of The Deep into a white hole, disbursing the matter and energy on the surface of a hypersphere throughout the universe. Essentially, stars and galaxies and galactic clusters are big gooey globs of hot matter and energy left over from the massive ball at the beginning. This description, which describes the bare minimum of Humphreys'
cosmology, comports with the 2nd Law (massive ball into littler balls) and is a more coherent rationale for star formation than the existing theories.
that's not right, that's not even
wrong