Not fully (or correct), as others might.
That's why I wrote that long post, in the beginning. I even put, "I am serious".
Alright, here's the short version...
Pre WW1...the area was part of the ottoman empire...one of the largest and most successful empires of mankind. Really though, the ottoman empire was a loose confederation of different lands and peoples who recognized the authority of the ottomans. After WW1...the land currently known as Palestine and Israel was considered British territory...as part of the agreement between the ottomans and British.
The British tried to move in...but it never really worked out. They were always fighting the Palestinian people who didn't recognize their authority the way they did the ottomans.
Post WW2...the jews who left Europe saw an opportunity to resettle that land which the British didn't really want anymore and essentially bargained for it. This was officially recognized internationally as the creation of the state of Israel...but the Palestinians were even less fond of the jews than they were the British.
Israel offered the Palestinians a two state deal...which would've formed Palestine and Israel...since initially the jews didn't want to make enemies and wanted their newly acquired and fragile state to work. The Palestinians completely disagreed insisting that the jews leave or there would be war.
Eventually, the Palestinians got enough support from their other Arabic neighbors several of which were also former ottoman empire lands...and they waged war against Israel together. The U.S. supported Israel. Israel basically devastated these new Arabic states and claimed the land as their own...but they never wiped out the Palestinians.
Since that time, the Palestinians have been trying to win back the land either through international support...or through war...but never through diplomacy. While Israel has conceded to the Palestinians several times hoping for peace...that never happened...and now they tend to look at the idea of peace with Palestine as a lost cause.
That's the short version.
The U.S. basically supports Israel because they are a democratic nation of non-Arabs in the middle east...our interests align.