Actually, no. My goal is not to try and find it, but to apply it. I leave it to the physicists to try and figure out the universe. I take what they find and make money with it, so that the physicists have funding. It may sound like jumping the gun a lot to try and apply something that hasn't even been discovered yet, but this article I found did imply that condensed-matter monopoles were exhibiting properties that I can take advantage of. Plus, any way which allows me to exercise a greater degree of control over flux in superconductors is big money.
The equation d + X → e+ only applies to magnetic monopoles as fundamental particles, not to spin ices as per the article.
Furthermore since magnetic monopole particles have never been detected the equation is theoretical.
In our current Universe the “opposite” reaction occurs where the down quark (d) is converted to an electron (e⁻) instead of a positron (e+) via the
weak force interaction involving the W⁻ boson.
(1) d → u + W⁻ where u is the up quark.
(2) W⁻ → e⁻ + ῡₑ where ῡₑ is the electron antineutrino.
Magnetic monopoles as fundamental particles bear no resemblance to spin ices and were formed at a time in the Universe’s evolution when protons, neutrons and electrons did not exist as separate particles.
During the GUT epoch of the early Universe the X leptoquark, W and Z bosons were stable but no longer exist naturally in the current Universe.
While the X leptoquark is hypothetical, the W and Z bosons can be produced in particle accelerators as unstable virtual particles that mediate the weak force.
What I was asking about the collisions was about your equation where a proton punches through the boson outer shell and produces a positron. I assume that takes just gobs of energy to emit that positron, and if that's true, then it is probably not practical for my purposes. But if it is really more about getting a proton to hit it just right in a lab setting, then that is a different story.
No it’s the down quark (d) of the proton, not the proton itself that interacts with the X leptoquark to produce the positron and as mentioned previously is not applicable to spin ices.
The spin ices have the chemical formulae Ho₂Ti₂O₇ and Dy₂Ti₂O₇ where the Ho and Dy atoms have the electron
orbital configurations [Xe]4f¹¹6s² and [Xe]4f¹⁰6s² respectively.
In an atom where all the electrons are paired into parallel and antiparallel spins there is no magnetic moment.
However in the 4f orbital there are 3 unpaired electrons in the Ho and 4 in the Dy atoms.
The atoms behave as magnetic ions while their geometric arrangement in the spin ice gives the magnetic monopole behaviour.
The bottom line is you won't get anywhere in "making money" by thinking there is a possible overlap between fundamental magnetic monopoles and materials behaving as magnetic monopoles that can be exploited.
