VirOptimus
A nihilist who cares.
Still no article for peer-review? Then you still dont matter.
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Revised, updated and still no challengers.
Just for fun:
Since then they have discovered at least two dramatic giant leaps that would have had to occur in order of the human brain to have emerged from ape like ancestors SRGAP2, HAR1F. In addition genes involved with the development of language (FOXP2), changes in the musculature of the jaw (MYH16) , and limb and digit specializations (HACNS1).
The ancestral SRGAP2 protein sequence is highly constrained based on our analysis of 10 mammalian lineages. We find only a single amino-acid change between human and mouse and no changes among nonhuman primates within the first nine exons of the SRGAP2 orthologs. This is in stark contrast to the duplicate copies, which diverged from ancestral SRGAP2A less than 4 mya, but have accumulated as many as seven amino-acid replacements compared to one synonymous change. (Human-specific evolution of novel SRGAP2 genes by incomplete segmental duplication Cell May 2012)
What is the problem with 7 amino acid replacements in a highly conserved brain related gene? The only observed effects of changes in this gene in humans is disease and disorder:
The search for variation with regard to this vital gene yielded no beneficial effect upon which selection could have acted. The only conceivable way the changes happen is relaxed functional constraint which, unless it emerged from the initial mutation perfectly functional it surly would have killed the host. Mutations are found in children with 'developmental delay and brain malformations, including West Syndrome, agenesis of the corpus callosum, and epileptic encephalopathies'.(cited above)
- 15,767 individuals reported by Cooper et al. (2011)] for potential copy-number variation. We identified six large (>1 Mbp) copy-number variants (CNVs), including three deletions of the ancestral 1q32.1 region…
- A ten year old child with a history of seizures, attention deficit disorder, and learning disabilities. An MRI of this patient also indicates several brain malformations, including hypoplasia of the posterior body of the corpus callosum…
- Translocation breaking within intron 6 of SRGAP2A was reported in a five-year-old girl diagnosed with West syndrome and exhibiting epileptic seizures, intellectual disability, cortical atrophy, and a thin corpus callosum. (Human-specific evolution of novel SRGAP2 genes by incomplete segmental duplication Cell May 2012)
Of course Creationists have their opinions about this gene:
SRGAP2A, SRGAP2B, SRGAP2C, and SRGAP2D, which are located in three completely separate regions on chromosome number 1.1 They appear to play an important role in brain development.2 Perhaps the most striking discovery is that three of the four genes (SRGAP2B, SRGAP2C, and SRGAP2D) are completely unique to humans and found in no other mammal species, not even apes…Unique in their protein coding arrangement and structure. The genes do not look duplicated at all… (Newly Discovered Human Brain Genes Are Bad News for Evolution by Jeffrey P. Tomkins, Ph.D)
In one of the areas of the human genome that would have had to change the most, Human Accelerated Region (HAR), we find a gene that has changed the least over just under 400 million years HAR1F. Just after the Cambrian is would have had to emerge de novo, fully formed, fully functional and permanently fixed along broad taxonomic categories. In all the time since it would allow only two substitutions, then, while the DNA around it is being completely overhauled it allows 18 substitutions in a regulatory gene only 118 nucleotides long. The vital function of this gene cannot be overstated:
The most dramatic of these ‘human accelerated regions’, HAR1, is part of a novel RNA gene (HAR1F) that is expressed specifically in Cajal– Retzius neurons in the developing human neocortex from 7 to 19 gestational weeks, a crucial period for cortical neuron specification and migration. HAR1F is co-expressed with reelin, a product of Cajal–Retzius neurons that is of fundamental importance in specifying the six-layer structure of the human cortex. (An RNA gene expressed during cortical development evolved rapidly in humans, Nature 16 August 2006)
This all has to occur after the chimpanzee human split, while our ancestors were contemporaries in equatorial Africa, with none of the selective pressures effecting our ancestral cousins. This is in addition to no less then 60 de novo (brand new) brain related genes with no known molecular mechanism to produce them. Selection can explain the survival of the fittest but the arrival of the fittest requires a cause:
The de novo origin of a new protein-coding gene from non-coding DNA is considered to be a very rare occurrence in genomes. Here we identify 60 new protein-coding genes that originated de novo on the human lineage since divergence from the chimpanzee. The functionality of these genes is supported by both transcriptional and proteomic evidence. RNA– seq data indicate that these genes have their highest expression levels in the cerebral cortex and testes, which might suggest that these genes contribute to phenotypic traits that are unique to humans, such as improved cognitive ability. Our results are inconsistent with the traditional view that the de novo origin of new genes is very rare, thus there should be greater appreciation of the importance of the de novo origination of genes…(De Novo Origin of Human Protein-Coding Genes PLoS 2011)
You, my old debate friend, have never explained diddly squat about fossils. That much I'm sure of.
Obscure and pedantic as always, nice to mix it up again. It's been a while.
Have a nice day
Mark
Griffins: the evilutionist’s nightmare.So when's the last time that you have witnessed 2 individuals of completely different unrelated species come together to breed and produce fertile off spring?
UC Davis: "If no evidence has been found, how do you know it actually existed?"
Well, we know, for example, because of this evidence from comparative chromosome analysis of humans and apes. What is your answer to Kenneth Miller's powerful argument?
kenneth miller chimpanzees youtube chromozones - Bing video
No, your claim that human hybridized with apes is wrong, on several levels. Humans evolved from a common ancestor with apes. Also, humans ARE apes.
A common ancestor species of what? Between Humans and Chimpanzees? Or between their ancestor species and apes in general? The answer to both is yes - lots of them.
If you want a common ancestor species between humans and chimps, its not difficult to find. It's right there in the cladogram of the human ancestral tree. The hominini tribe - including Australopithecus, Paranthropus and Ardipithecus, among others - has a lot of fossil evidence of Human-Chimp common evolutionary ancestry.
The last common ancestor species, no. We don't know the specific ancestor species between Chimpanzees (Pan) and Human ancestors (hominids). There may actually be no such thing - evolution being what it is**. But, we're looking for candidate species in the fossil record. And, we've got a pretty good idea where and when the separation occured.
**It is advisable to know that evolution is not a straight forward process and speciation events in large, social mammal species are particularly drawn out - as I mentioned, the genetic evidence is that there were multiple branchings, loops and hybridisation events occurring in the separation of the species that eventually led to Chimpanzees and Humans. It's a VERY complicated, and as yet not fully resolved, picture.
There is no such a thing as a transitional from the chimp-human common ancestor, it jumps from a profoundly chimpanzee Homo habilis to Homo erectus over night about 2 million years ago. Yet for a million years starting about 3 million years ago you have paranthropos which is an obvious transitional somewhere between the gorilla and chimpanzee.
Genomic comparisons map the essential changes required and they are extensive. Brain related genes would have to be built from the ground up and hundreds of millions of stasis in other brain related genes would have had to be radically altered.
What is far more telling is that there are no chimpanzee fossils in the fossil record, if they were not alive to day there would be no proof they ever existed. The human brain is almost three times bigger then a chimpanzee and the brain matter is nearly twice as dense. With human evolution from ape like ancestors you have an effect without a cause. This isn't science, it's supposition.
Have a nice day
Mark
Genetic evidence.
Common ancestry is a fact, as demonstrated by our collective genomes.
Relations between species are knowable, wheter we find fossils or not.
No evidence for ancestor fossils, so Smithsonian Institute is spot on then? My conclusion is that evolution is a made up fairy tale.
Still no explanation for the genetic evidence for common descent? I didn't think so.No evidence for ancestor fossils, so Smithsonian Institute is spot on then? My conclusion is that evolution is a made up fairy tale.
That blueprint had to make something right? Show me a fossil that the "genetic evidence" made.Do you find the genetic evidence unconvincing? How did you arrive at that conclusion.
Was the genetic blueprint for a prototype? Where the product from the genes?Still no explanation for the genetic evidence for common descent? I didn't think so.
What? Oh my God.... this....this is a big deal. Do people know?! Is the President going to address the nation? Colleges are going to be burning mountains of peer reviewed papers, scientists are going to be throwing themselves from the tops of buildings in shame, creationists are going to be tearing down museums, PEOPLE ARE GOING TO RIOT IN THE STREETS!!!!No evidence for ancestor fossils, so Smithsonian Institute is spot on then? My conclusion is that evolution is a made up fairy tale.
No evidence for ancestor fossils, so Smithsonian Institute is spot on then? My conclusion is that evolution is a made up fairy tale.
That blueprint had to make something right? Show me a fossil that the "genetic evidence" made.
No evidence for ancestor fossils, so Smithsonian Institute is spot on then? My conclusion is that evolution is a made up fairy tale.
Rebellion is a bad thing
I don't think so, the divergence is too high and 60 brain related genes de novo, over night, 2 million years ago. It's pure fiction, the stone age ape man is a myth.I have no idea what that means. Until someone can offer an alternative explanation for the genetic evidence that fits as well, that evidence continues to overwhelming support the idea that humans and chimpanzees share a common ancestor.
That blueprint had to make something right? Show me a fossil that the "genetic evidence" made.
Um. The person you responded to wasn’t considering physical attributes at allThe physical body.
The person I was responding to was objecting to biological evolution with as argument that "we are made in god's image"... Implying that we couldn't have evolved because god created us directly to look like him.
This would only make sense if god has a physical body that looks like the body of a homo sapiens. Does he?
No?
Then that "argument" against evolution, makes no sense at all.
Sounds like one wants his cake and eat it too...
Thank goodness. Than it’s over according to you....Good grief yes!
Yes, yes and YES! again.
Between 1765 and 1783 was a very bad thing, indeed.
Please explain to me where I have changed my claim.Honestly, I think you yourself don't even understand what you are saying.
It would certaintly explain why your claims are all over the place.
So you are taking back your words then about that "intermingling"?
Do you even keep track of all the claims that you are throwing out there?
It sounds like you don't...
Evolution is a phenomenon in nature, what this is about is natural history, aka the theory of evolution. It's what some would call dialectical materialism, the basis of an argument against anything miraculous, only a naturalistic explanation will do. Don't let it turn you against genetics and adaptive evolution, these studies have been growing by leaps and bounds and revealing fascinating things. These guys will give you a hard time, it goes with the territory. But if your willing to learn something about the requisite scientific evidence you will find, it's perfectly compatible with the doctrine of creation.No evidence for ancestor fossils, so Smithsonian Institute is spot on then? My conclusion is that evolution is a made up fairy tale.
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