I've been doing a bit of reading in the dictionary (a bit light on plot, but I haven't lost my place yet) on the names of the days or period leading up to Lent, and I must say that it is both eye opening and saddening given how those days have come to be understood by most people.
For example, "carvival or carnivale" appears to originate in the Latin "carnem levare" or Italian "carne levare" meaning the putting away or removal of flesh (as food), the name being originally proper to the eve of Ash Wednesday. The actual Italian "carnevale" appears to have come through the intermediate "carnelevale". In Greek, it is known as "apokreo" which is formed from "apo" and "kreas", meaning "away from meat". All the historical references to the term reject the suggestion founded on another sense of levare, "to relieve, ease", that carnelevarium meant "the solace of the flesh (i.e. body)" before the austerities of Lent. Obviously, the indulgence of the passions that carnival has become known for today has absolutely nothing to do with its original intent.
Similiarly, the period leading up to Lent is known as "Shrove-tide". Shrove is undoubtedly related to shrive (and shrift) and refers to the custom of being shriven in preparation for Lent, "shrive" meaning
confession and penance. In many countries, carnival has been extended to the last three days or the whole week before Lent. In France it comprises Jeudi gras, Dimanche gras, Lundi gras and Mardi gras, i.e. Thursday before Quinquagesima, Quinquagesima Sunday, Monday, and Shrove Tuesday. "Mardi gras" means literally "fat (as in obese) Tuesday" and I'm not sure that it had to do with stopping the use of fat in cooking. "Quinquagesima" has to do with the number 50, and names the whole period from this Sunday until Holy Pascha (Easter) which is 50 days. In Greece, this period of fasting is called Sarakosti, meaning Forty, because from Apokreo until Pascha there are forty weekdays where we eat no meat (weekends are not included in Lent)
I thought you might find this interesting
John