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Knowing Objective Truth

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churchlady

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The following is a post authored by Simon Templar that got buried in another thread.

I asked his permission to give it a wider audience because I find it so relevant to today's culture of post-modernism thought, through which, imo, the Devil is trying to remove all solid rock foundations of eternal truth from society, thus returning us to a time of "every man did what was right in his own eyes"

Read on and feel free to discuss................



On the issue of objectivity.

One of the common arguments people use against objectivity is that we can not know things objectively because we are imperfect. Our perception is imperfect, our reasoning is imperfect. we make mistakes, and no one knows all the truth, therefor we can never be 100% certain that we are correct, therefore we can not truly know objectively.

This sounds pretty convincing and its premises seem sound.. very few people would disagree with the idea that we aren't perfect, and most would also agree that none of us know all the truth and are always right.

This argument is, never the less, a logical fallacy. It relies upon confusion of catagories.

The basic argument could be boiled down to the statement, we can't know everything, therefore we can't be sure that we know anything. That is not logically valid, nor is it actually true.

For example few if any of us know all there is to know about love, nor do we understand God's love perfectly, but we can absolutely, objectively know that God is love, that we are required to love our neighbors as ourselves. Further, we can know objectively that love is defined not by feeling, but by action and primarily by self sacrifice.

There are a lot of things about love that we don't understand, but those are all things that we can objectively know, because God objectively revealed them.

There are a lot of things in the bible I don't understand, but there are also a lot of things in the bible which are not difficult to understand and are clear sources of objective knowledge.

Another common variation of this argument is the proposition that because there is disagreement, we can never have truly objective knowledge. Since Person A and Person B disagree about the meaning of a given passage, we can never really know objectively, for certain, what it means.

This again is a logical fallacy. My ability to correctly understand information being communicated to me is not contingent upon someone elses' ability to do the same. If we are wise we will always check ourselves and our view points against those who disagree, but that is vastly different than simply saying, you can't really know objectively.
Someone elses ability or inability to be aware of their biases and to check themselves does not impact my ability to do that.

Further, as Christians we also have added in to the equation the fact that God enlightens us if we submit and he enables us to know. It is wise to check yourself.. but to go so far as to say that we can't be sure, that we can't truly know objectively is essentially to say that God is incapable of communicating himself reliably.
 

Tsadde

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I agree. I cannot know the truth about some things therefore I cannot know true truth is a logical fallacy.

I believe, however, that some postmoderns have headed for the other ditch in reaction to the fallacy acted upon by many Christians lacking intellectual humility: I know truth therefore I know the truth about everything.
 
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Angeloffire

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To say that one of oneself can contain all Truth is to say 'you' can hold the infinite God in 'your' being. This thinking is reverse of how it really is as our only being and means of existence is in Him, not of ourselves....

He is in us and we are in Christ/Truth and we have the potential to receive all Truth as He gives it.

Paul said 'we know in part' 1 Cor. 13:9 .....meaning that what we receive is absolute Truth, but only in segmented peices as we are able to understand and receive it.

The understanding of Truth was given to me like this. It is like a diamond. God's diamond cannot be measured.....when you gives you a carat....it is still a diamond regardless of size.

Everytime you go against what you 'know' you learn to doubt. Don't do this to your soul.....instead when you see something that you don't understand or that you wonder about....bring it before God and leave it as a question.

Don't involve logic or reasoning, because this is where demons work.

Let God discern it to you through revelation and then you will have a knowing , the Rock/TRuth/Diamond which no man can destroy.
 
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Yekcidmij

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On the issue of objectivity.

One of the common arguments people use against objectivity is that we can not know things objectively because we are imperfect. Our perception is imperfect, our reasoning is imperfect. we make mistakes, and no one knows all the truth, therefor we can never be 100% certain that we are correct, therefore we can not truly know objectively.


Also, to say "you cannot objectively know" or "you cannot be certain" is self defeating. How does Billy know I cannot know objectively? Is Billy certain that I cannot know? The premises themselves require both certainty and knowledge of objective truth and then the conclusions deny the premises. The whole thing can't even get off the ground.


Don't involve logic or reasoning, because this is where demons work.

That's bad advice.
 
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churchlady

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Also, to say "you cannot objectively know" or "you cannot be certain" is self defeating. How does Billy know I cannot know objectively? Is Billy certain that I cannot know? The premises themselves require both certainty and knowledge of objective truth and then the conclusions deny the premises. The whole thing can't even get off the ground.

Ha. I like that!

(those words you quoted were Simon Templar's quote, not mine)
 
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Moriah_Conquering_Wind

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I agree. I cannot know the truth about some things therefore I cannot know true truth is a logical fallacy.

I believe, however, that some postmoderns have headed for the other ditch in reaction to the fallacy acted upon by many Christians lacking intellectual humility: I know truth therefore I know the truth about everything.

VERY astute observation, Tsadde. Energy put toward cleaning that up would go a LONG way toward curbing abreactive rebounds.
 
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Moriah_Conquering_Wind

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Also, to say "you cannot objectively know" or "you cannot be certain" is self defeating. How does Billy know I cannot know objectively? Is Billy certain that I cannot know?
Yes, but not in the manner you describe. Billy would be certain of that because nobody knows, including himself, and therefore you cannot be an exception to that if you don't have the qualifications needed to know.

The bottom line being that BOTH postulates consist of axiomatic assertions which cannot be proven either way. If we assert that we CAN know objectively, we still get left with the same question: how do we know that we know? and how do we know WHEN we know versus when we don't quite cut it? And when one person's "objective" truth clashes with another's? what then? and who shall be deemed qualified to decide? you see, the questions don't vanish with the selection of one axiomatic assertion over another. They just switch partners.
 
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Yekcidmij

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Yes, but not in the manner you describe. Billy would be certain of that because nobody knows, including himself, and therefore you cannot be an exception to that if you don't have the qualifications needed to know.

Billy would be guilty of special pleading. If nobody can know with certainty, then that includes Billy himself, so it's ridiculous for Billy to say "nobody can know with certainty since it must be asked, "well Billy, are you certain"? And Billy saying, "you cannot know objectively" requires Billy to have at least some objective knowledge of what I know, so it's ridiculous for Billy to say this too.


If we assert that we CAN know objectively, we still get left with the same question:

And that's a fair question, but Billy's assertions are still ridiculous regardless of whether or not all his other questions about objective knowledge are answered.

how do we know that we know? and how do we know WHEN we know versus when we don't quite cut it?

There is objective knowledge and there are degrees of certainty. I call the degrees of certainty, "warrant". If I have a high enough degree of warrant in my belief that there is a computer on this desk, I will claim to know that there is a computer on this desk. Sometimes I find myself with a belief and a high degree of warrant and I can't explain why. I believe, for example, that I am North Carolina and believe that I am not in Beijing. I have a high enough degree of warrant in that belief that I claim to know that I am in North Carolina and not Beijing.

Now if were to you say you shook hands with President Bush yesterday, my belief that you shook hands with the President will not carry as high a degree of warrant as the belief that I am in North Carolina. Maybe I also have the belief that you are trustworthy and so I enjoy a high enough degree of warrant that you shook hands with the President that I say I know you shook hands with the President yesterday. But, maybe I have the belief that you are a compulsive liar. In that case, I will have very little warrant in the belief that you shook hands with the President yesterday. I may even have a defeater for that belief.

My broad definition of how we know what we know follows very closely with Alvin Plantinga's:

A belief is warranted if and only if it is internally and externally rational. Warrant is simply that property of a belief enough of which, together with truth, makes a belief an instance of knowledge. Internal rationality is a matter of making inferences, deductions, and connections between the beliefs one holds, and seeking evidence of truth when appropriate or necessary. One who is internally rational will have correct doxastic responses to experience, the sort of doxastic responses required by proper function. A person is externally rational if he forms and holds the beliefs he ought (normally) to form and hold in virtue of his cognitive faculties functioning properly in an epistemic environment sufficiently similar to the one for which they were designed to operate, and being aimed at believing the truth.

And when one person's "objective" truth clashes with another's?

It depends. If I claim to know that 2+2=4 and you claim to know 2+2=1566 I will still have no warrant for for the belief that 2+2=1566. But if I claim to know that Washington Mutual is the best company to invest with and you claim to know that Washington Mutual is going to go belly up in 3 weeks, you give a bunch of facts and figures, and say that it is not the company to invest with, I may form that belief that Washington Mutual is not the best company to invest with, which is a defeater for my earlier belief.

There are also beliefs which are foundational for knowing anything at all. The belief that there was a past is foundational to knowledge at all. How do I know I wasn't created 3 seconds ago with built in memories, food in my stomach, appearance of age, etc..? I also have a foundational belief that there is a future and that the future will resemble the past. How do I know that the laws of math won't change within the next month? I also believe that I am the same person that was known as "Jimmie" in the past and that I will be that same person in the future. I belive that, all being equal, the testimony of others is generally reliable. Beliefs such as these are so foundational and basic, that I, and most other people, won't allow them to be challenged and will think anyone who believes, for example, that there was no past, is absolutely insane. To ask me "how do you know the future will be like the past" will sound about as crazy as, "arrr, ley mentoa wert on the quanto thray"; just a bunch of nonsense. Now it may be an interesting question to see if I can justify the belief that there was a past or that there is a future that will be like the past, and since I posit that belief in God is basic and foundational, I think those beliefs are justifiable and rational. So if you were to ask me, "how do you know there is a God", I might respond by saying, "because without that belief, I can't know anything else".

Regardless, there are foundational beliefs, and many other beliefs, that people will not be able to fully explain how they know, just that they know. When mutually exclusive beliefs clash, one belief will be held over the other so that it defeats the other belief. So if I say 2+2=4 and you say 2+2=1566, I will appeal to my belief in the laws of math and my belief that 2+2=4 and the laws of math is a defeater for your belief that 2+2=1566. You will either have to give up your belief or be irrational. For Billy, he must give up his beliefs that we can't know anything with certainty and that we can't know objectively since I have issued a defeater for those beliefs, actually he issued his own defeater, or Billy will be irrational.
 
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