Martin Buber utilizes the unusual prefix form of the biblical text to establish a fundamental principle of human relationships - and at the same time strengthen the theological underpinning with which we began our discussion (Buber, I and Thou). We would have expected to find the phrase "You shall love
et re'acha" - rather than what actually appears,
lere'acha - because the conjunctive
et always appears before an objective case; in this case, "your friend" is the object.
A human being is never to be seen as an object, thunders Buber. A fellow human being is never acted upon; he must always be related to (
lere'acha). When we use another human being as merely a means to our end, not recognizing him/her as a child of God in the fullness of being, we are establishing an illegitimate "I-it" relationship rather than the biblically mandated "I-thou" relationship. Using another, taking advantage of another, robbing another of his/her freedom of choice - even if they be family members or students - are all forms of slavery, which must be prohibited.
"You must act with love toward your neighbor in the fullness of a relationship of equals because he/she is like you under God the Creator, who demands universal freedom."
From this perspective, I would insist - along with the Tosafot Yom Tov, 1579-1654 (ad loc), and Rabbi Hayim Vital, 1542-1620 (Gate of Holiness) - that "your neighbor" in this context includes gentiles. After all, the text does not read "your brother" or "your colleague."
Moreover, the etymology of
re'a (neighbor or friend) seems to include even someone who may be evil (
ra)...
Link:
http://tinyurl.com/257mh