What He's trying to explain is called panentheism, a theory which posits that all space/time, and any intelligible universe that may come into and out of existence inside of space/time, exist within an eternal Being; a Being from/of which said space/time and inhabiting energy/matter is a tangible projection (the image). It can work in conjunction with the scientific theory called the "big bounce" which allows for a cyclic universal, where the first cosmological event(big bang) was the result of the collapse(big crunch) of a previous universe (ad infinitum).
Now, in regards to the OP, I don't have the time to sift through all these pages of most likely not-very-scientific guesses. But I would hope someone had pointed out Einstein's theory of Special relativity, which learns you that, along with matter and energy being the same thing in different states(just like steam and ice are both water), space and time are also just facets of the same thing. When most people try to consider time they think of a linear succession of events, from a particular point of view (like a particle on the move). But time is a field, in which those sequences of events have their trajectories, and a person's perception of it is relative to his or her locational perspective of it, and how fast he or she is traveling through it. For all intents and purposes, all that a clock is measuring is our linear perception of traveling through recurring cycles occurring within the field of space/time (sunrises, middays, sunsets, solstices, equinoxes, orbits). It may be that time is finite, but, if so, it is infinitely divisible. However if time consists of one eternal moment, it would still be finite compared to whatever contains it, and it would be subject to expansion, contraction, overlap and dilation at various points, even though we are only familiar with the standardized version of it according to our Earthly observations of it. Incidentally, if the universe is cyclic, that might very well mean that there was an infinite amount of time before your birth, and that there will be an infinite amount of time after your demise; which would have you right in the middle of eternity right now. But that's strictly hypothetical.
On a side note, ever notice how slowly a clock seems to move when you watch it, but how much faster it seems to move when you're busy focusing on anything other than time? Maybe that ties into a scientific principle of time being relative to one's perception of it.