This analogy may help people understand the more biblical view of Baptism -- the applies most directly to Reformed Theology, but even I as a Lutheran find it useful... Here goes (and apologies to any non-Maericans reading this; just substitute the name of your own country):
My son will come into this world on or about May 28 (8 weeks hence). When he arrives, his mother and I will do two things: we will give him a name, and a get him a social security number. The government of the United States, however, will do something that she and I cannot: it will make him a citizen of this country.
Now, some of you may argue that a child can't be a citizen of the USA until you can recite the Pledge of Allegiance, or the Preamble to the Constitution. At the very least, he needs to know the Star Spanglesd Banner. "Knowledge first, then he can take the oath of citizenship."
"But, what if he grows up to be a communist?! Then his citizenship didn't take!"
Ah, no.
Our country grants citizenship regardless of what future decisions our children may make. We EXPECT them to grow up to be good Americans, knowing that some of them will not. We do not wait around, waiting for them to "make a decision for America".
Some may grow up and stray, and then come back. That's fine. They're still Americans.
Now there are other people who are NOT born here, but who at some time later in their lives wish to come here and become Americans. For whatever reaons, they have been drawn to America and wish to be one of us. Unlike our children who are born here, however, these people do indeed have to learn a few things before they are given citizenship. Get the skinny on the rules and regs, repsonsibilities and rights. Once they've got, they're in.
Now back to my son. As I said, this is not something his mother and I do...it is something the Government does. It's bigger than us.
And just so in our Baptisms....
It is not the mother, or father, or minster who is the acting agent: it is God. God (in the person of the Holy Spirit) is the Baptizer. He grants us our citizenship in heaven. We are adopted. We clothed with Christ. God doesn't wait for a child to reach to mythical age of accountability to inlcude the child in His kingdom.
Yes, a child may stray at a later date. That says nothing about the efficacy of baptism. All it says is that the child turned his back on God. Perhaps he will come back, and Glory be to God if he does. And there is no need to re-baptize him if he does, the first one is still in effect. (In fact, it is a most grievous sin to re-baptize).
Sure, it's only natural that adult converts have to believe first. But a child of Christian parents no more has to express belief in the Triune God than a child in the Old Testament had to express belief in the God of Abraham before being circumcised.
Balderdash!
If God can include a Hebrew child in His covenant at eight days, then so can He include a Christian child in the New Covenant as an infant.
It is God's work; it is God's promise.
Here endeth the lesson.
Kepler