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In defence of Chiliasm (or premillenialism)

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FreeinChrist

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Bizzlebin Imperatoris said:
Partial Preterists come in different degrees. They are VERY close to full preterism. I am more of an Amill Partial Preterist.
Yes, they do come in different degrees. But the majority are very close to or are full preterists.

And as I had already posted to you, none of the Early church fathers describe a return of Christ in 70 AD. The destruction of Jerusalem is described as a judgment...not His coming.
 
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FreeinChrist said:
Yes, they do come in different degrees. But the majority are very close to or are full preterists.

And as I had already posted to you, none of the Early church fathers describe a return of Christ in 70 AD. The destruction of Jerusalem is described as a judgment...not His coming.
I have no problem with the temple destruction not being the coming, but I do believe it was the event prophesied in Matthew 24.
 
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FreeinChrist

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Bizzlebin Imperatoris said:
Actually, FreeinChrist, according to certain interpretation of the actual text, the date can be set between 69 and 79 AD. The date is still being debated.
The date for what exactly?
 
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GW

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FREE:
And as I had already posted to you, none of the Early church fathers describe a return of Christ in 70 AD.

GW:
What is Eusebius, chopped liver? What are the Protestant reformers who taught a fulfilled Matthew 24, heretics? Furthermore, the Church has been almost unanimous that the tribulation of Luke 21:20-23/Matt 24:15-20 pertains to AD 67-70. Even America's greatest protestant revivalist, Jonathan Edwards, writes:

'Tis evident that when Christ speaks of his coming; his being revealed; his coming in his Kingdom; or his Kingdom’s coming; He has respect to his appearing in those great works of his Power Justice and Grace, which should be in the Destruction of Jerusalem and other extraordinary Providences which should attend it." (Jonathan Edwards - Miscellany #1199)

And Augustine says:

"Many passages...seem to refer to the last judgment, yet on a closer examination they are found to be ambiguous, or to allude rather to some other event -- whether to that coming of the Saviour which continually occurs in His Church, that is, in His members, in which comes little by little, and piece by piece, since the whole Church is His body, or to the destruction of the earthly Jerusalem. For when He speaks even of this, He often uses language which is applicable to the end of the world and that last and great day of judgment" (St. Augustine - City of God - Book XX)
 
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GW

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Bizzle:
But do you have any scriptures that say the Kingdom of God and the Kingdom of Heaven are the same?

GW:
They are synonyms. Compare the following:

--compare this--

Matthew 5:3
Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.

--to this--

Luke 6:20
and said, blessed are the poor: for yours is the kingdom of God



--compare this--

Matthew 11:11
Verily I say unto you, Among them that are born of women there hath not risen a greater than John the Baptist: notwithstanding he that is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he.

--to this--

Luke 7:28
For I say unto you, Among those that are born of women there is not a greater prophet than John the Baptist: but he that is least in the kingdom of God is greater than he.



--compare this--

Matthew 3:2
And saying, Repent ye: for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.

--to this--

Mark 1:15
And saying, The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand; repent and believe the gospel


The Kingdom of God and the Kingdom of Heaven are perfect synonyms all throughout the gospels. We could literally go through dozens and dozens of parallel passages where the gospel writers use these interchangeably. They are the same thing.
 
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FreeinChrist

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I know that debate fairly well.

There is plenty of documentation that Revelation was written in 96 AD. A date of 69-70 AD is impossible. Who was the beast? What was the mark? Who were the two witnesses?

Regarding the late date of 96 AD:

From Victorinus, (about 300 AD) Commentary on the Apocalypse of the Blessed John, regarding chapter 10:

11. "And He says unto me, Thou must again prophesy to the peoples, and to the tongues, and to the nations, and to many kings." He says this, because when John said these things he was in the island of Patmos, condemned to the labour of the mines by Caesar Domitian. There, therefore, he saw the Apocalypse; and when grown old, he thought that he should at length receive his quittance by suffering, Domitian being killed, all his judgments were discharged. And John being dismissed from the mines, thus subsequently delivered the same Apocalypse which he had received from God.



From Irenaeus:

"We will not, however, incur the risk of pronouncing positively as to the name of Antichrist; for if it were necessary that his name should be distinctly revealed in this present time, it would have been announced by him who beheld the apocalyptic vision. For that was seen no very long time since, but almost in our day, towards the end of Domitian's reign."

From Eusebius (260 – 340 A.D), Church History, book 3:

Chapter XVII. The Persecution Under Domitian.

Domitian, having shown great cruelty toward many, and having unjustly put to death no small number of well-born and notable men at Rome, and having without cause exiled and confiscated the property of a great many other illustrious men, finally became a successor of Nero in his. hatred and enmity toward God. He was in fact the second that stirred up a persecution against us,(149) although his father Vespasian had undertaken nothing prejudicial to us.(150)

Chapter XVIII. The Apostle John and the Apocalypse.

1 It is said that in this persecution the apostle and evangelist John, who was still alive, was condemned to dwell on the island of Patmos in consequence of his testimony to the divine word.(151)

2 Irenaeus, in the fifth book of his work Against Heresies, where he discusses the number of the name of Antichrist which is given in the so-called Apocalypse of John,(152) speaks as follows concerning him:(153)

3 "If it were necessary for his name to be proclaimed openly at the present time, it would have been declared by him who saw the revelation. For it was seen not long ago, but almost in our own generation, at the end of the reign of Domitian."

(note – Iraneaus, pupil of Polycarp, who was a pupil of John himself.)


And:

10 But after Domitian had reigned fifteen years,(167) and Nerva had succeeded to the empire, the Roman Senate, according to the writers that record the history of those days,(168) voted that Domitian's honors should be cancelled, and that those who had been unjustly banished should return to their homes and have their property restored to them. It was at this time 11 that the apostle John returned from his banishment in the island and took up his abode at Ephesus, according to an ancient Christian tradition.(169)







Jerome ( 340 – 419),Lives of Illustrious men 9:6 :

In the fourteenth year then after Nero(65) Domitian having raised a second persecution he was banished to the island of Patmos, and wrote the Apocalypse, on which Justin Martyr and Irenaeus afterwards wrote commentaries. But Domitian having been put to death and his acts, on account of his excessive cruelty, having been annulled by the senate, he returned to Ephesus under Pertinax(66) and continuing there until the tithe of the emperor Trajan, founded and built churches throughout all Asia, and, worn out by old age, died in the sixty-eighth year after our Lord's passion and was buried near the same city.

Jerome also credits Tertullian (160-220 AD) with saying that it was written during the time of Dominitan.


Sulpicius Severus (c. 400), Sacred History Book 2, chapter 31

“Then, after an interval, Domitian, the son of Vespasian, persecuted the Christians. At this date, he banished John the Apostle and Evangelist to the island of Patmos. There he, secret mysteries having been revealed to him, wrote and published his book of the holy Revelation, which indeed is either foolishly or impiously not accepted by many.”



There is plenty of evidence that Nero tortured and killed Christians, but not of sending them to Patmos (besides - he committed suicide in 68 AD), but a Roman historian by the name of Dio Cassius records that many who had been banished to Patmos were freed in 96 AD after Dominitan's asassination.

Plus, a Roman naturalist (having written a 37 book "Natural History) by the name of Pliny wrote in 77 AD that the greatest earthquake to have occurred in the world had occurred in 17 AD. so how does Rev. 11 and the two witnesses fit? There is supposed to an earthquake at their resurrection that kills 7000....but Josephus didn't record one, and neither did Pliny.
 
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GW

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Bizzlebin:
I don't want this to come out wrong, but in those passages, the meaning doesn't change if it were heaven or the church. Could you provide some that do not have this issue?

GW:
I must not understand what you're after.

But, as for the phrases "Kingdom of Heaven" and "Kingdom of God," they are synonyms--so far as the bible is concerned. The gospel writers demonstrate this by using them interchangeably. They speak of one and the same thing.
 
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GW said:
Bizzlebin:
I don't want this to come out wrong, but in those passages, the meaning doesn't change if it were heaven or the church. Could you provide some that do not have this issue?

GW:
I must not understand what you're after.

But, as for the phrases "Kingdom of Heaven" and "Kingdom of God," they are synonyms--so far as the bible is concerned. The gospel writers demonstrate this by using them interchangeably. They speak of one and the same thing.
Thats ok. If you have any more scriptures, that would be helpful :)
 
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@@Paul@@

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GW said:
Bizzlebin:
I don't want this to come out wrong, but in those passages, the meaning doesn't change if it were heaven or the church. Could you provide some that do not have this issue?

GW:
I must not understand what you're after.

But, as for the phrases "Kingdom of Heaven" and "Kingdom of God," they are synonyms--so far as the bible is concerned. The gospel writers demonstrate this by using them interchangeably. They speak of one and the same thing.
Well, Actually they are not the same thing...

Short version... The Kingdom of God encompases ALL of God's creation, the Kingdom of Heaven is that portion which was promised to Israel... :)
Act 1:6 When they therefore were come together, they asked of him, saying, Lord, wilt thou at this time restore again the kingdom to Israel?​
The OT speaks volumes of this.

While the KoG can be used to explain the KoH, the KoH can never fully mean the KoG.

............I fear, this is where our differences will lie.
 
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FreeinChrist

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GW said:
FREE:
And as I had already posted to you, none of the Early church fathers describe a return of Christ in 70 AD.

GW:


What is Eusebius, chopped liver?

Eusebius believed that Revelation was written in 96 AD and believed in a Second Coming of Christ...not multilple little comings!

From Eusebius (260 – 340 A.D), Church History, book 3:

Chapter XVII. The Persecution Under Domitian.

Domitian, having shown great cruelty toward many, and having unjustly put to death no small number of well-born and notable men at Rome, and having without cause exiled and confiscated the property of a great many other illustrious men, finally became a successor of Nero in his. hatred and enmity toward God. He was in fact the second that stirred up a persecution against us,(149) although his father Vespasian had undertaken nothing prejudicial to us.(150)

Chapter XVIII. The Apostle John and the Apocalypse.

1 It is said that in this persecution the apostle and evangelist John, who was still alive, was condemned to dwell on the island of Patmos in consequence of his testimony to the divine word.(
151)
2 Irenaeus, in the fifth book of his work Against Heresies, where he discusses the number of the name of Antichrist which is given in the so-called Apocalypse of John,(
152) speaks as follows concerning him
3 "If it were necessary for his name to be proclaimed openly at the present time, it would have been declared by him who saw the revelation. For it was seen not long ago, but almost in our own generation, at the end of the reign of Domitian."


10 But after Domitian had reigned fifteen years,(167) and Nerva had succeeded to the empire, the Roman Senate, according to the writers that record the history of those days,(168) voted that Domitian's honors should be cancelled, and that those who had been unjustly banished should return to their homes and have their property restored to them. It was at this time 11 that the apostle John returned from his banishment in the island and took up his abode at Ephesus, according to an ancient Christian tradition.(169)


If I fault Eusbius with anything, it is that he relied so much on the writings of Josephus - a nonbeleiver who was paid for his work by the Flacian family (Vespasian and Titus). The church later made him a 'honorary' Christian, altering his work somewhat to make it appear he was...but that is between him and God.



What are the Protestant reformers who taught a fulfilled Matthew 24, heretics? Furthermore, the Church has been almost unanimous that the tribulation of Luke 21:20-23/Matt 24:15-20 pertains to AD 67-70.
Yep - in regards to Luke 21:20-23 and Matthew 24:1-2....but not of Revelation.

They DID NOT describe it as a "coming" of Christ. Instead, the orthodox view matches Hippolytus when he wrote:

"For through the Scriptures we are instructed in two advents of the Christ and Saviour. And the first after the flesh was in humiliation, because He was manifested in lowly estate. So then His second advent is declared to be in glory; for He comes from heaven with power, and angels, and the glory of His Father. "



And the author of Hebrews:Hbr 9:28 so Christ also, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time for salvation without {reference to} sin, to those who eagerly await Him.

Even America's greatest protestant revivalist, Jonathan Edwards, writes:


'Tis evident that when Christ speaks of his coming; his being revealed; his coming in his Kingdom; or his Kingdom’s coming; He has respect to his appearing in those great works of his Power Justice and Grace, which should be in the Destruction of Jerusalem and other extraordinary Providences which should attend it." (Jonathan Edwards - Miscellany #1199)


Jonathan Edwards was a postmillennialist who beleived in a literal 1000 millennium, which he thught would start around 2000 AD:



http://www.hillsdale.edu/oldacademics/phil&rel/JE/Papers/98/AndersonA.html



Jonathan Edwards is referred to today as a post-millennialist, because he believed Christ's second coming would follow a thousand year reign of the saints on earth. Edwards believed there would be 6000 years of history, then 1000 years of rest, in which the saints would be recognized and the church exalted. Edwards post-millennialist perspective excited himself and his listeners about the whole work of redemption....

Gerald McDermott stated that "Edwards insisted the number was literal"{1} and Edwards confirmed in Miscellany K that the saints would certainly reign with Christ for a thousand years. He cited eight distinct characteristics of the millennium in Sermon 27 of A History of the Work of Redemption: 1. "It will be a time of great light and knowledge. 2. It shall be a time of great holiness. 3. It shall be a time wherein religions shall in every respect be uppermost in the world. 4. These will be times of great peace and love. 5. A time of excellent order in the church discipline, and government be settled in his church. 6. The church of God shall be beautiful and glorious on these accounts. 7. [That will be a time] of great temporal [prosperity]. 8. [It shall also be a] time of great rejoicing."During this thousand year reign, most significantly, the saints will be recognized and reign with Christ. Because the saints are united with Christ, they will reign with him. Edwards cited numerous passages that corresponded and reinforced the claim that the saints will reign. Daniel 7:27 reads, "Then the kingdom and dominion, And the greatness of he kingdoms under the whole heaven, Shall be given to the people, the saints of the Most High."{4} Edwards interpreted Psalm 45:12, which says "And the daughter of Tyre will come with a gift; The rich among the people will seek your favor" to mean that great men and the rich will devote their "influence and riches...to Christ and his church."{5} Edwards also cited Matthew 5:5, "Blessed are the Meek, For they shall inherit the earth", as further evidence for the earthly reign of the saints (Works 2:31).{6} The Puritans believed "there would be within history an age of spiritual blessings for Christ's people and triumphant authority for his church."{7} Christians will be unified in the millennium, as he described it in Miscellany 262. He said, "the whole earth may be as one community, one body in Christ."{8} This is also the time when the Christ will promote the church. Not only are the saints recognized and reigning, but the Church also will reign. Christ will lift up the church in anticipation of his marriage to her.

According to Gerald McDermott, Edwards' believed the eighteenth century and beyond was a "preparatory age"; a period which would "precipitate the millennium." Furthermore, he believed this age would last for an extensive amount of time.{10} In fact, he believed that the millennium would occur around the year 2000. In the Apocalyptic Writings, Edwards said, "Satan's kingdom in the world will not be totally overthrown, his ruin will not receive its finishing stroke till the year two thousand."



This is a far cry from believing that Christ came in 70 AD GW!!!

Your quote above is another example of taking a quote and trying to make it fit a preterist view.



And Augustine says:


"Many passages...seem to refer to the last judgment, yet on a closer examination they are found to be ambiguous, or to allude rather to some other event -- whether to that coming of the Saviour which continually occurs in His Church, that is, in His members, in which comes little by little, and piece by piece, since the whole Church is His body, or to the destruction of the earthly Jerusalem. For when He speaks even of this, He often uses language which is applicable to the end of the world and that last and great day of judgment" (St. Augustine - City of God - Book XX)

"whether to that coming of the Saviour which continually occurs in His Church,"
And did the Catholic church adopt the view that the Second coming is a continual process or a future physical event?

Research Augustine more, GW.
 
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GW

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PAUL:
While the KoG can be used to explain the KoH, the KoH can never fully mean the KoG

GW:
Hi Paul. The gospels teach otherwise. The Kingdom of Heaven and the Kingdom of God are synonymous terms. They are the same thing. The phrases are fully interchangeable. Please study these parallel passages that show the terms are the same thing:


--compare this--

Matthew 11:11
Verily I say unto you, Among them that are born of women there hath not risen a greater than John the Baptist: notwithstanding he that is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he.

--to this--

Luke 7:28
For I say unto you, Among those that are born of women there is not a greater prophet than John the Baptist: but he that is least in the kingdom of God is greater than he.




--compare this--

Luke 18:16-17
But Jesus called them unto him, and said, Suffer little children to come unto me, and forbid them not: for of such is the kingdom of God. Verily I say unto you, Whosoever shall not receive the kingdom of God as a little child shall in no wise enter therein.

--to this--

Matthew 18:3-4
And said, Verily I say unto you, Except ye be converted, and become as little children, ye shall not enter into the kingdom of heaven. Whosoever therefore shall humble himself as this little child, the same is greatest in the kingdom of heaven.




--compare this--

Matthew 13:31
Another parable put he forth unto them, saying, The kingdom of heaven is like to a grain of mustard seed, which a man took, and sowed in his field:

--to this--

Mark 4:30-31
And he said, Whereunto shall we liken the kingdom of God? or with what comparison shall we compare it? It is like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown in the earth, is less than all the seeds that be in the earth:

The gospel writers demonstrate that the Kingdom of God and the Kingdom of Heaven are the same thing. They are synonyms. Please, let's not go on all day with this. It is an error to suppose they are two different things.
 
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@@Paul@@

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GW said:
PAUL:
While the KoG can be used to explain the KoH, the KoH can never fully mean the KoG

GW:
Hi Paul. The gospels teach otherwise. The Kingdom of Heaven and the Kingdom of God are synonymous terms. They are the same thing. The phrases are fully interchangeable. Please study these parallel passages that show the terms are the same thing:


--compare this--

Matthew 11:11
Verily I say unto you, Among them that are born of women there hath not risen a greater than John the Baptist: notwithstanding he that is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he.

--to this--

Luke 7:28
For I say unto you, Among those that are born of women there is not a greater prophet than John the Baptist: but he that is least in the kingdom of God is greater than he.




--compare this--

Luke 18:16-17
But Jesus called them unto him, and said, Suffer little children to come unto me, and forbid them not: for of such is the kingdom of God. Verily I say unto you, Whosoever shall not receive the kingdom of God as a little child shall in no wise enter therein.

--to this--

Matthew 18:3-4
And said, Verily I say unto you, Except ye be converted, and become as little children, ye shall not enter into the kingdom of heaven. Whosoever therefore shall humble himself as this little child, the same is greatest in the kingdom of heaven.




--compare this--

Matthew 13:31
Another parable put he forth unto them, saying, The kingdom of heaven is like to a grain of mustard seed, which a man took, and sowed in his field:

--to this--

Mark 4:30-31
And he said, Whereunto shall we liken the kingdom of God? or with what comparison shall we compare it? It is like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown in the earth, is less than all the seeds that be in the earth:

The gospel writers demonstrate that the Kingdom of God and the Kingdom of Heaven are the same thing. They are synonyms. Please, let's not go on all day with this. It is an error to suppose they are two different things.
Mat 13:11 He answered and said unto them, Because it is given unto you to know the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven, but to them it is not given.​
........no offence, but it doesn't appear to have been given to you either.

The Gospels explain a lot of the same things in different ways... this is one of them. Matthew was the "kingly" gospel, presenting Jesus Christ as the physical heir to David's Throne... However we know that did NOT happen as the true meaning of it's future restoration was hidden in parables.

The Holy Spirit uses His words carefully, this is no exception. The KoH is NOT synonymous with the KoG, but the KoG can be used to explain the KoH.

Example: If you live in Washington, you are from Washington. Which is also in the United States so by Default > you are an American. All Americans are NOT Washington.

Sometimes i may choose (for simplicity) to say i'm simply from American, Some People simply will not "get it" if I say I live in Washington > Let alone Everett, Wa.

Matthew (The Kingly Gospel) is explaining a part of that glorious KoG (Seattle, WA) which was promised to the Jew... outsiders would NOT understand. So, the other gospels (which did NOT portray the Kingly aspect of Christ) used the KoG (WA).

So to some up.
The Kingdom of God: Seattle OR WA OR Seattle, WA.
The Kingdom of Heaven: Seattle.

See the difference?
 
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GW

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FREE:
Eusebius...believed in a Second Coming of Christ...not multilple little comings!

GW:
Rather, Eusebius believed in the future Nicene coming AND also Christ's coming at AD 70 too:

EUSEBIUS:
"Then after the refreshing saving spiritual blood has fallen on every race of mankind from Jerusalem, which is more clearly described in another place in the words: "A law shall go forth from Sion, and the Word of the Lord from Jerusalem, and it shall judge in the midst of the nations," it says: "The Lord shall be King." He shall not be King in Jerusalem, nor of the Jewish race; but, over all the earth in that day. And this agrees with what I have quoted from the Psalms, where it was said: "The Lord reigneth over the nations," and also: "Tell it among the nations, the Lord reigneth." The prophecy is that this will be fulfilled in the days of the Lord. For the whole prophecy opens with: "Behold, the days of the Lord come, and these things shall come to pass." And what is meant by "these things," but the siege of Jerusalem, and the passing of the Lord to the Mount of Olives, according to the words, "The Lord shall come," and the events of the day of His Passion, and the living water, flowing in all the world, and to crown all, the Kingdom of the Lord ruling over all the nations, and His One Name, filling all the earth (Demonstratio Evangelica (Proof of the Gospel) ; BOOK VI - Chapter 18)


EUSEBIUS:
And so we see how at this time the valley of the mountains of God was closed up, as was done in the days of Ozias. Actually and literally in the siege by the Romans, in the course of which I believe such things happened,... After this the prophecy recurring to the Coming of the Lord announces it more clearly, saying: "And the Lord my God shall come, and all His holy ones with Him," referring either to His apostles and disciples as holy ones, or certain invisible powers and ministering spirits, of whom it was said: "And angels came and ministered to him." And then of the Coming of the Lord, he says: "It shall be day, and it shall not be light, and cold and frost shall I be for one day."

(Demonstratio Evangelica (Proof of the Gospel) ; BOOK VI - Chapter 18)

Note that Eusebius sees fulfillment of those prophecies in the first century. Eusebius is claiming fulfillment of all those things he is discussing there. You don't believe those things were fulfilled, but Eusebius and I do.




FREE:
If I fault Eusbius with anything, it is that ...

GW:
Are you the queen, finding fault with the ancients?



FREE:
Yep - in regards to Luke 21:20-23 and Matthew 24:1-2...

GW:
In regards to Luke 21:20-23 and Matthew 24:15-20 the Church is almost unanimous that these are fulfilled. Only the modern dispensationalists think the passages aren't fulfilled.



FREE:
Jonathan Edwards was a postmillennialist who beleived in a literal 1000 millennium

GW:
I never said that Jonathan was a full preterist. Furthermore, postmillennialists don't believe in an earthly reign of Christ during the millennium, no matter where they place it in time. To postmillennialists, the millennium is a victorious age of the Church prior to the final coming of Christ.

Nothing you said changes the fact that America's greatest protestant revivalist, Jonathan Edwards, wrote:

'Tis evident that when Christ speaks of his coming; his being revealed; his coming in his Kingdom; or his Kingdom’s coming; He has respect to his appearing in those great works of his Power Justice and Grace, which should be in the Destruction of Jerusalem and other extraordinary Providences which should attend it." (Jonathan Edwards - Miscellany #1199)​
 
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Breetai

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Those were good posts FreeinChrist and should settle the issue that the book of Revelation was not written until after the destruction of Jerusalem. Revelation having been written after 70AD settles that fact that Preterism is a heresy.
 
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GW

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REVELATION WRITTEN PRIOR TO FALL OF JERUSALEM (CHURCH TRADITION AND SCHOLARSHIP)


Clement (150-215)
"For the teaching of our Lord at His advent, beginning with Augustus and Tiberius,was completed in the middle of the times of Tiberius. And that of the apostles...end with Nero." (Miscellanies 7:17.)

Epiphanius of Salamis (315-403)
"[John], who prophesied in the time of Claudius [Nero]...the prophetic word according to the Apocalypse being disclosed." (Epiphanius, Panarion/Heresies 51:12,33)

Syriac Vulgate Bible (500sAD)
"The Apocalypse of St. John, written in Patmos, whither John was sent by Nero Caesar." (Opening Title for the Book of Revelation)

Arethas (500sAD)
"Arethas in the sixth century, applies the sixth seal to the destruction of Jerusalem (A.D. 70), adding that the Apocalypse was written before that event" (From Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, 1871)

(On Revelation 6:12) "Some refer this to the siege of Jerusalem by Vespasian." -- Arethas

(On Revelation 7:1) "Here, then, were manifestly shown to the Evangelist what things were to befall the Jews in their war against the Romans, in the way of avenging the sufferings inflicted upon Christ." --Arethas

(On Revelation 7:4) "When the Evangelist received these oracles, the destruction in which the Jews were involved was not yet inflicted by the Romans." --Arethas



Robert Young
"It was written in Patmos about A.D.68, whither John had been banished by Domitius Nero, as stated in the title of the Syriac version of the Book; and with this concurs the express statement of Irenaeus (A.D.175), who says it happened in the reign of Domitianou, ie., Domitius (Nero). Sulpicius Severus, Orosius, &c., stupidly mistaking Domitianou for Domitianikos, supposed Irenaeus to refer to Domitian, A.D. 95, and most succeeding writers have fallen into the same blunder. The internal testimony is wholly in favor of the earlier date." (Concise Critical Comments on the Holy Bible, by Robert Young. Published by Pickering and Inglis, London and Glasgow, (no date), Page 179 of the "New Covenant" section.)

Philip Schaff
"On two points I have changed my opinion--the second Roman captivity of Paul (which I am disposed to admit in the interest of the Pastoral Epistles), and the date of the Apocalypse (which I now assign, with the majority of modern critics, to the year 68 or 69 instead of 95, as before)." (Vol. I, Preface to the Revised Edition, 1882 The History of the Christian Church, volume 1)
 
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parousia70

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Breetai said:
Those were good posts FreeinChrist and should settle the issue that the book of Revelation was not written until after the destruction of Jerusalem. Revelation having been written after 70AD settles that fact that Preterism is a heresy.
If it were only that easy.

The fact is, the debate on the date of Revelation is no where near settled.
Bible scholars continue to disagree on it, although the best evidence clearly favors the early date.

Quotes from Scholars on the Date of Revelation

Robert Young (late 1800s)
"It was written in Patmos about A.D.68, whither John had been banished by Domitius Nero, as stated in the title of the Syriac version of the Book; and with this concurs the express statement of Irenaeus (A.D.175), who says it happened in the reign of Domitianou, ie., Domitius (Nero). Sulpicius Severus, Orosius, &c., stupidly mistaking Domitianou for Domitianikos, supposed Irenaeus to refer to Domitian, A.D. 95, and most succeeding writers have fallen into the same blunder. The internal testimony is wholly in favor of the earlier date." (Concise Critical Comments on the Holy Bible, by Robert Young. Published by Pickering and Inglis, London and Glasgow, (no date), Page 179 of the "New Covenant" section. See also: Young's Concise Critical Bible Commmentary, Baker Book House, March 1977, ISBN: 0-8010-9914-5, pg 178.)

Philip Schaff (1877)
"On two points I have changed my opinion--the second Roman captivity of Paul (which I am disposed to admit in the interest of the Pastoral Epistles), and the date of the Apocalypse (which I now assign, with the majority of modern critics, to the year 68 or 69 instead of 95, as before)." (Vol. I, Preface to the Revised Edition, 1882 The History of the Christian Church, volume 1)

"The early date [of Revelation] is now accepted by perhaps the majority of scholars." (Enyclopedia 3:2036)

"Tertullian's legend of the Roman oil-martyrdom of John seems to point to Nero rather than to any other emperor, and was so understood by Jerome. (Adv. Jovin. 1.26) (History 1:428)

"The destruction of Jerusalem would be a worthy theme for the genius of a Christian Homer. It has been called 'the most soul-stirring of all ancient history.' But there was no Jeremiah to sing the funeral dirge of the city of David and Solomon. The Apocalypse was already written, and had predicted that the heathen "shall tread the holy city under foot forty and two months." (The History of the Christian Church, Vol I; 6:38)

George E. Ladd (1972)
"The problem with this [Domitian date] theory is that there is no evidence that during the last decade of the first century there occurred any open and systematic persecution of the church." (George E. Ladd, A Commentary on Revelation - Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1972, p. 8.)

Steve Gregg (1997)
"Many scholars, including those supportive of a late date, have said that there is no historical proof that there was an empire-wide persecution of Christians even in Domitian's reign." (Revelation: Four Views, p.16)

Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown (1871)
"The following arguments favor an earlier date, namely, under Nero: (1) Eusebius [Demonstration of the Gospel] unites in the same sentence John's banishment with the stoning of James and the beheading of Paul, which were under Nero. (2) Clement Of Alexandria's story of the robber reclaimed by John, after he had pursued, and with difficulty overtaken him, accords better with John then being a younger man than under Domitian, when he was one hundred years old. (3) Arethas, in the sixth century, applies the sixth seal to the destruction of Jerusalem (A.D. 70), adding that the Apocalypse was written before that event. So the Syriac version states he was banished by Nero the Caesar. (4) Laodicea was overthrown by an earthquake (A.D. 60) but was immediately rebuilt, so that its being called "rich and increased with goods" is not incompatible with this book having been written under the Neronian persecution (A.D. 64)...(5) Cerinthus is stated to have died before John; as then he borrowed much in his Pseudo-Apocalypse from John's, it is likely the latter was at an earlier date than Domitian's reign. See Tilloch's Introduction to Apocalypse. But the Pauline benediction (Re 1:4) implies it was written after Paul's death under Nero." (Commentary Critical and Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible - 1871)

Testimony from Early Church History

Epiphanius of Salamis (315-403)
"[John], who prophesied in the time of Claudius [Nero]...the prophetic word according to the Apocalypse being disclosed." (Epiphanius, Panarion/Heresies 51:12,33)

Clement (150-215)
"For the teaching of our Lord at His advent, beginning with Augustus and Tiberius,was completed in the middle of the times of Tiberius. And that of the apostles, embracing the ministry of Paul, end with Nero." (Miscellanies 7:17.)

(On the Timing of John's Banishment)
"And to give you confidence, when you have thus truly repented, that there remains for you a trustworthy hope of salvation, hear a story that is no mere story, but a true account of John the apostle that has been handed down and preserved in memory. When after the death of the tyrant [previously identified as Nero] he removed from the island of Patmos to Ephesus, he used to journey by request to the neighboring districts of the Gentiles, in some places to appoint bishops, in others to regulate whole churches, in others to set among the clergy some one man, it may be, of those indicated by the Spirit." (Who is the Rich Man that shall be Saved?; Section 42)

The Muratorian Canon (A.D. 170)
"the blessed Apostle Paul, following the rule of his predecessor John, writes to no more than seven churches by name."

"John too, indeed, in the Apocalypse, although he writes to only seven churches, yet addresses all. " (ANF 5:603)

Note on the Muratorian Canon: Sometime between A.D. 170 and 200, someone drew up a list of canonical books. This list, known as the Muratorian Canon, is the oldest Latin church document of Rome, and of very great importance for the history of the canon. The witness of this manuscript, which is from the very era of Irenaeus and just prior to Clement of Alexandria, virtually demands the early date for Revelation. The relevant portion of the document states that "the blessed Apostle Paul, following the rule of his predecessor John, writes to no more than seven churches by name" and "John too, indeed, in the Apocalypse, although he writes to only seven churches, yet addresses all." The writer of the Canon clearly teaches that John preceded Paul in writing letters to seven churches. Yet, church historians are agreed that Paul died before A.D. 70, either in A.D. 67 or 68.

Syriac Vulgate Bible (sixth century)
"The Apocalypse of St. John, written in Patmos, whither John was sent by Nero Caesar." (Opening Title for the Book of Revelation)

Arethas (sixth century)
"Arethas in the sixth century, applies the sixth seal to the destruction of Jerusalem (A.D. 70), adding that the Apocalypse was written before that event" (From Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory Notes on the Whole Bible, 1871)

(On Revelation 6:12) "Some refer this to the siege of Jerusalem by Vespasian."

(On Revelation 7:1) "Here, then, were manifestly shown to the Evangelist what things were to befall the Jews in their war against the Romans, in the way of avenging the sufferings inflicted upon Christ."

(On Revelation 7:4) "When the Evangelist received these oracles, the destruction in which the Jews were involved was not yet inflicted by the Romans."

Papias (first century)
"Because of a statement by Papias, an early church father, that John the Apostle was martyred before a.d. 70, the Johannine authorship has been questioned." (John F. Walvoord on the Date of Revelation - The Bible Knowledge Commentary, p. 925)

"A fragment is, however, attributed to Papias which states that "John the theologian and James his brother were killed by the Jews". (Chapman, John. St. Papias. The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume XI [Online Edition 2002]. Retrieved November 29, 2002 from http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11457c.htm)

Examining the Evidence for the Late (Domitian) Date (AD96)

All belief in the late date rests upon one cryptic statment of Irenaeus, the Bishop of Lyons (130-200AD) who wrote his "Against Heresies" around AD 174. All those that hold to the late date do so because of this one uncertain phrase by Irenaeus, and it is highly controversial as to what Irenaeus said. Apologist Daniel Denham, a late-date advocate, admitted that the testimony of Irenaeus is considered the bastion of the evidence for the late date, and goes on to admit some problems with this "bastion of evidence." First, the Greek language of Irenaeus can be understood to refer not to the Revelation, but to John being seen on Patmos. Second, he observes it is possible that Irenaeus has been misunderstood. Scholar Robert Young stated that the name Domitianou, referring actually to Nero, was mistaken by later writers for Domitian. Irenaeus' quote is listed below, with a few comments from well-respected scholars:

Irenaeus' Solitary Quote (Used as Grounds for Late Date Theory)
"We will not, however, incur the risk of pronouncing positively as to the name of Antichrist; for if it were necessary that his name should be distinctly revealed in this present time, it would have been announced by him who beheld the Revelation. For ('he' [John?] or 'it' [Revelation?]) was seen...towards the end of Domitian's reign." (Irenaeus, Against Heresies 5:30:3)​

Daniel Denham (1979)
"The testimony of Irenaeus is considered the bastion of the evidence for the Late Date...The obscurity of the testimony, as it has come down to us, must be considered as weak and inconclusive to demand the Late Date." (Date of the Book Of Revelation; H. Daniel Denham, Part 1, 1979)

Steve Gregg
"Since the text is admittedly "uncertain" in many places, and the quotation in question is known only from a Latin translation of the original, we must not place too high a degree of certainty upon our preferred reading of the statement of Irenaeus." (Revelation: Four Views, p. 18)

"Earlier in the passage, Irenaeus refers to "all the...ancient copies" of Revelation. This presupposes that that the book had been around a good long while before this statement was written. If there were "ancient copies," was not the original more ancient still? Yet, in Irenaeus' estimation, the time of Domition's reign was not considered to have been very ancient history, for he speaks of it as "almost in our day." How could Irenaeus speak of ancient copies" of a work the original of which has been written "almost" in his own time?" (Revelation: Four Views, p.18)

F.W. Farrar (1831-1904)
On Early Church Fathers that openly rejected Irenaeus' testimony
"The Alogi at the close of the second century rejected it [Revelation] only on internal grounds, and their judgment is of no importance. Gaius (circ. 200) appears to attribute it to Cerinthus. Dionysius of Alexandria (A.D. 247) was inclined, on the grounds of style, to assign it to some other John, but speaks of it with reverence. Eusebius wavers about it, placing it among the spurious books in one passage, and among the acknowledged books in another. Cyril of Jerusalem (386) deliberately excludes it from the Canon. The Council of Laodicea (A.D. 381) omits it. Amphilochius, in his Jamb. ad Selecus, says that 'most' regard it as spurious. Junilius, even in the sixth, says that among the members of the Eastern Church it was viewed with great suspicion. Theodore of Mopsuestia (429) never cites it. Theodoret (457) alludes to it very slightly. It is not found in the Peshito. The Nestorian Church rejected it. It is not mentioned in the sixth century by Cosmas Indicopleustes. Nicephorus (ninth century) in his Chronographia omits it. Even in the fourteenth century Nicephorus Callistus, while accepting it, thinks it necessary to mention that some held it to be the work of 'John the Presbyter,' regarded as a different person from 'John the Apostle.' " (F.W. Farrar; The Apocalypse)

"...the authority of Irenaeus was not regarded as decisive, even if his meaning be undisputed. Tertullian places the banishment to Patmos immediately after the deliverance from the cauldron of boiling oil, and Jerome says that this took place in the reign of Nero. Epiphanius says that St. John was banished in the reign of Claudius, and the earliest Apocalyptic commentators, as well as the Syriac and Theophylact, all place the writing of the Apocalypse in the reign of Nero. To these must be added the author of the 'Life of Timotheus,' of which extracts are preserved by Photius. Clemens of Alexandria and Origen only say that 'John was banished by the tyrant,' and this on Christian lips may mean Nero much more naturally than Domitian. Moreover, if we accept erroneous tradition of inference from the ambiguous expressions of Irenaeus, we are landed in insuperable difficulties. By the time that Domitian died, St. John was, according to all testimony, so old and so infirm that even if there were no other obstacles in the way, it is impossible to conceive of him as writing the fiery pages of the Apocalypse. Irenaeus may have been misinterpreted; but even if not, he might have made a 'slip of memory,' and confused Domitian with Nero. ... We cannot accept a dubious expression of the Bishop of Lyons as adequate to set aside an overwhelming weight of evidence, alike external and internal, in proof of the fact that the Apocalypse was written, at the latest, soon after the death of Nero. " (F.W. Farrar; The Apocalypse)



Related links:

From:
http://www.preteristvision.org/questions/qa_revelationdate.html
 
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GW

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On Early Church Fathers That Rejected Irenaeus' testimony

"Dionysius of Alexandria (A.D. 247) was inclined, on the grounds of style, to assign it to some other John, but speaks of it with reverence. Eusebius wavers about it, placing it among the spurious books in one passage, and among the acknowledged books in another. Cyril of Jerusalem (386) deliberately excludes it from the Canon. The Council of Laodicea (A.D. 381) omits it. Amphilochius, in his Jamb. ad Selecus, says that 'most' regard it as spurious. Junilius, even in the sixth, says that among the members of the Eastern Church it was viewed with great suspicion. Theodore of Mopsuestia (429) never cites it. Theodoret (457) alludes to it very slightly. It is not found in the Peshito. The Nestorian Church rejected it. It is not mentioned in the sixth century by Cosmas Indicopleustes. Nicephorus (ninth century) in his Chronographia omits it. Even in the fourteenth century Nicephorus Callistus, while accepting it, thinks it necessary to mention that some held it to be the work of 'John the Presbyter,' regarded as a different person from 'John the Apostle.' " (F.W. Farrar; The Apocalypse)

"...the authority of Irenaeus was not regarded as decisive, even if his meaning be undisputed. Tertullian places the banishment to Patmos immediately after the deliverance from the cauldron of boiling oil, and Jerome says that this took place in the reign of Nero. Epiphanius says that St. John was banished in the reign of Claudius, and the earliest Apocalyptic commentators, as well as the Syriac and Theophylact, all place the writing of the Apocalypse in the reign of Nero. To these must be added the author of the 'Life of Timotheus,' of which extracts are preserved by Photius. Clemens of Alexandria and Origen only say that 'John was banished by the tyrant,' and this on Christian lips may mean Nero much more naturally than Domitian. Moreover, if we accept erroneous tradition of inference from the ambiguous expressions of Irenaeus, we are landed in insuperable difficulties. ... Irenaeus may have been misinterpreted; but even if not, he might have made a 'slip of memory,' and confused Domitian with Nero. ... We cannot accept a dubious expression of the Bishop of Lyons as adequate to set aside an overwhelming weight of evidence, alike external and internal, in proof of the fact that the Apocalypse was written, at the latest, soon after the death of Nero. " (F.W. Farrar; The Apocalypse)


In no way is Irenaeus' testimony undisputed. Rather, Irenaeus' testimony on the book of Revelation was contradicted by many ECFs who simply didn't believe he was accurate.
 
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