The
Yoga Sutras of Patanjali enumerate a number of sidhis or supernatural powers that have been observed by yogis in their practice. These sidhis include knowledge of the past and future; understanding the sounds of animals; recalling the experiences of one's previous incarnations; knowing the thoughts of another mind; making oneself invisible; an intuitive understanding of psychological, spiritual and physical phenomena; physical strength comparable to that of an elephant; the ability to live without eating or drinking; extrasensory perception of sound, touch, sight, taste and smell; entering consciously into the body of another person; levitation of the body in space; the ability to heal physical and spiritual wounds or disease; the ability to become as minute as an atom or to expand oneself into a space and become as large as any entity; the power of fulfilling all wishes and desires; the power to change destiny; the ability to overcome attachment to idiosyncrasies, prejudices, anger, and narrow-mindedness toward others.
Staal (1975) notes that the various powers, called either
sidhi or
vibhuti, are said, in the
Yoga Sutras, to accompany a high State of concentration known as
samprajnata samadhi. However, this is not considered the highest state of yogic attainment, Which is called
asamprajnata samadhi. The 37th verse of the third book of the
Yoga Sutras contains the following verse, translated by Woods (1914/1972), which has been interpreted by many practitioners as an injunction against the use of psychic powers by yogis: In concentration these [supernal activities] are obstacles; in the emergent state they are perfection
(sidhi).Staal notes that oftentimes scholars of yoga or leaders of various contemporary mystical cults and movements take a puritanical attitude against the development of psychic abilities. He states that religious and moral prejudices, Indian as well as Western, have obscured the fact that these powers are an integral part of Yoga.