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How old is the Earth?

hiscosmicgoldfish

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For the first time I think I understand what the Genesis account of creation is about. It is a matter of visualising the universe as they visualised it, and that’s the truth about it because it is then understandable, whereas if you visualise it with our modern knowledge, it doesn’t make any sense. So for those who are interested, here’s what I conclude:

The earth was without form and empty, but there was an ocean of water, which was like a disc or square of water. It was dark over the water, and God’s spirit was over the surface of the primordial ocean. Then Yahweh separated the disk of water, and half of it went up; the expanse or firmament (the sky) was set between two bodies of water; two disks. There was no land at first, just water. Then there was darkness and light, but that was before the creation of the sun, moon and stars. The dry land emerged up out of the disk, at the centre.

Then the sun, moon and stars were placed in the expanse, in the sky, under the disk of water above. Outside of these disks of water there was nothing, so you might fall off the end of the earth. It was all very platform- like. The ancients didn’t have any concept of heaven or hell, that came later, but heaven was placed on an upper level, above the upper water. That continued into the time of Paul, who also understood these things as platforms, one above the other (and why wouldn’t he as that’s what it says in the bible).

Then now try and see if that works, looking at it from our understanding of what is really out there; with water above and below; sorry, not possible, there would have to be water ‘around the earth’ not above it. These ancient people had no knowledge of galaxies, and they didn’t know how big stars are, or what they are. They wouldn’t have known that there is a vacuum out there in outer space. For them, there was a firmament, a dome with blue water above. It wasn’t known that rain etc. comes from the clouds.
 
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Fascinated With God

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ChetSinger

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Astronomers Measure Cosmos Width: 156 Billion Light-Years
Discover Magazine: The latest in science and technology news, blogs and articles - 82: Astronomers Measure Cosmos Width: 156 Billion Light-Years

How can something that has a width have no edge?:confused:
Here's one of the classic visualizations of the Big Bang.

Imagine you have a balloon. Now imagine you begin sticking some sequins on the surface of the balloon. And after you've done that, you begin blowing air into the balloon, slowly making it larger and larger.

In the Big Bang model, outer space is like the surface of the balloon, and the galaxies are like the sequins. The interior of the balloon doesn't count; only the surface does.

The Big Bang universe is described as both homogeneous and isotropic.

Homogeneous means the same in all locations. The balloon model works, because no matter which sequin you're at on the surface of the balloon, when you look out across the surface things look the same.

Isotropic means the same in all directions. The balloon model works again, because no matter which direction you look, your view is the same: you see sequins in each direction. And even if some of the sequins are bunched together into groups, the big picture is isotropic: that is, the average sequin density, as a whole, is the same in all directions.

The expansion of the universe is represented by the balloon being blown up. The reason the galaxies are drifting apart is because the space between them is actually getting larger. In the Big Bang model, the galaxies don't expand into already-existing space. Rather, space itself actually gets bigger as time passes.

There is no center of the universe, because the surface of a balloon has no center you can reach. There is no outer edge because the surface of a balloon has no edge you can run up against. You can slide across it in any direction you wish, but you'll never reach a center or run up against an edge.
 
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Assyrian

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Astronomers Measure Cosmos Width: 156 Billion Light-Years
Discover Magazine: The latest in science and technology news, blogs and articles - 82: Astronomers Measure Cosmos Width: 156 Billion Light-Years

How can something that has a width have no edge?:confused:
Discover Magazine: The latest in science and technology news, blogs and articles - 82: Astronomers Measure Cosmos Width: 156 Billion Light-Years
How big is the universe? This year a group of astrophysicists has deduced an answer: The visible universe stretches at least 24 gigaparsecs in all directions. That’s a radius of 78 billion light-years to the less versed.
This is only talking about the part of the universe we can see.
 
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Fascinated With God

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Discover Magazine: The latest in science and technology news, blogs and articles - 82: Astronomers Measure Cosmos Width: 156 Billion Light-Years
How big is the universe? This year a group of astrophysicists has deduced an answer: The visible universe stretches at least 24 gigaparsecs in all directions. That’s a radius of 78 billion light-years to the less versed.
This is only talking about the part of the universe we can see.
We can only see out to 13 billion light years, which makes a total diameter of 26 billion light years. That is much smaller than the scale they are talking about.
 
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Fascinated With God

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Here's one of the classic visualizations of the Big Bang.

Imagine you have a balloon. Now imagine you begin sticking some sequins on the surface of the balloon. And after you've done that, you begin blowing air into the balloon, slowly making it larger and larger.

In the Big Bang model, outer space is like the surface of the balloon, and the galaxies are like the sequins. The interior of the balloon doesn't count; only the surface does.

The Big Bang universe is described as both homogeneous and isotropic.

Homogeneous means the same in all locations. The balloon model works, because no matter which sequin you're at on the surface of the balloon, when you look out across the surface things look the same.

Isotropic means the same in all directions. The balloon model works again, because no matter which direction you look, your view is the same: you see sequins in each direction. And even if some of the sequins are bunched together into groups, the big picture is isotropic: that is, the average sequin density, as a whole, is the same in all directions.

The expansion of the universe is represented by the balloon being blown up. The reason the galaxies are drifting apart is because the space between them is actually getting larger. In the Big Bang model, the galaxies don't expand into already-existing space. Rather, space itself actually gets bigger as time passes.

There is no center of the universe, because the surface of a balloon has no center you can reach. There is no outer edge because the surface of a balloon has no edge you can run up against. You can slide across it in any direction you wish, but you'll never reach a center or run up against an edge.
All evidence points to the universe becoming flat early on, shortly after the Big Bang. There is no curvature to the universe.

So you can't fly off in one direction and end up arriving back at the same place coming from the other direction. You could if the universe was a hypersphere.
 
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ChetSinger

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All evidence points to the universe becoming flat early on, shortly after the Big Bang. There is no curvature to the universe.

So you can't fly off in one direction and end up arriving back at the same place coming from the other direction. You could if the universe was a hypersphere.
The balloon is just a visualization.
 
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Fascinated With God

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the universe isn't flat.
Astronomical measurements of both matter-energy density of the universe and spacetime intervals using supernova events constrain the spatial curvature to be very close to zero, although they do not constrain its sign. This means that although the local geometries of spacetime are generated by the theory of relativity based on spacetime intervals, we can approximate 3-space by the familiar Euclidean geometry.
Shape of the Universe - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 
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ChetSinger

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The universe is completely flat. Your theory can't work in a flat universe.
Do you just enjoy arguing? It's not a theory, but a visualization technique. It's been used by physicists for more than 50 years, and if you attend a relevant physics class at a university you'll probably be exposed to it.
 
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Fascinated With God

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Do you just enjoy arguing? It's not a theory, but a visualization technique. It's been used by physicists for more than 50 years, and if you attend a relevant physics class at a university you'll probably be exposed to it.
How could I not be aware of such elementary, spoon feed for the public TV documentary demonstrations? I took honors physics when I was in college by the way and made all A's and B's.

My confusion was I thought you were talking about something relevant to the debate rather than just chatting about some vaguely related topic.
 
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ChetSinger

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How could I not be aware of such elementary, spoon feed for the public TV documentary demonstrations? I took honors physics when I was in college by the way and made all A's and B's.
Good for you. I have a physics degree myself. While I don't practice professionally, I've continued private research into musical acoustics.

Here's some software I wrote recently that contains mathematical models of violins, violas, cellos, and basses. They execute acoustic equations in real time. You can play them on a MIDI keyboard, "bowing" the instruments with the modulation wheel: Serenade

Do you have continued interests in physics?
 
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Fascinated With God

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I've been fascinated by astrophysics all my life and almost chose that instead of computer science.

Beyond astrophysics my interest today is limited to acoustics. I found that after a year of playing guitar I was frustrated by not being able to play the music I could hear in my head. If I had been a good enough slide guitar player I might well have been able to, but I could never get anywhere with a slide.

Helmholtz, the same inventor of the H. coils, proved that the ear responds to geometric ratios like 2/3rds and 3/5ths. But when Bach created the Well Tempered Scale he lobotomized the scale. Instead of being geometric ratios the WTS is based on logarithmic ratios of the 12th root of 2, which just happen to come very close to geometric ratios in 7 of the 12 powers of the 12th root of two. So it is an approximation of those 7 notes, and all sorts of other ratios are completely left out.

Any good guitarist will tell you that there are two or three notes inbetween every half-step. That is the reason why you can't play the blues with a piano, because you can't bend the strings to generate a geometric note that is not on the Well Tempered Scale. In Hindu music there are 22 notes in an octave instead of 12. And if you listen very carefully to both R&B and Hindu music you will notice that there is a remarkable similarity between a soul singer's "microtones" and the 22 "shruti" of Hindu music.
 
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Assyrian

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We can only see out to 13 billion light years, which makes a total diameter of 26 billion light years. That is much smaller than the scale they are talking about.
From my understanding, when we see a galaxy 13 billion light years away, we observe it 13 billion years ago. So far so good. While we have been expanding away from it for 13.7 billion years, we see it where it had only expanded away from us 0.7 billion years. Since the time we observe it from, it has been expanding away from us another 13 billion years. The question is, how far away from us is that galaxy now? How far away from us now is the very edge of the observable universe that has been expanding away away from us for 13.7 billion years? It seems inflation complicates the maths which is why you can't simply add 13.7 and 13.7.
 
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Fascinated With God

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It seems inflation complicates the maths which is why you can't simply add 13.7 and 13.7.
Yes, I know. That is why the minimum bound was set at 150 billion light years, far beyond where the most distant visible galaxies would actually be now.
 
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Assyrian

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Yes, I know. That is why the minimum bound was set at 150 billion light years, far beyond where the most distant visible galaxies would actually be now.
Then was it bad science journalism to describe this as the radius of the visible universe?

I came across a quote from Cornish
"the starting point of a photon reaching us today after travelling for 13.7 billion years is now 78 billion light-years away,"
46-47 billion light years seems a much more common estimate for the observable universe, but that does seem to be what Cornish is talking about even if his calculation is significantly higher.
http://web.archive.org/web/20050206...m/scienceastronomy/mystery_monday_040524.html
 
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ChetSinger

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...Any good guitarist will tell you that there are two or three notes inbetween every half-step. That is the reason why you can't play the blues with a piano, because you can't bend the strings to generate a geometric note that is not on the Well Tempered Scale. In Hindu music there are 22 notes in an octave instead of 12. And if you listen very carefully to both R&B and Hindu music you will notice that there is a remarkable similarity between a soul singer's "microtones" and the 22 "shruti" of Hindu music.
Yeah, I once experimented with a ratio-driven ancient Greek scale using software on my computer. The major 3rds in particular sounded very different, kind of peaceful. When I applied that scale to saturated guitar tones, even major chords sounded restful and static, without any beating at all. I've been so accustomed to our equal-tempered scales that it took me a little time to decide whether I liked it or not. Eventually I decided I did.
 
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ChetSinger

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i have always thought that the universe goes on forever, and we can only see so much of it. Or is that old hat now?
so how old do you all think the earth is?
I don't think we really know how big the universe is. I think we're just confident regarding the distances we can actually see across. I've seen some astronomers speak confidently about the size of the universe, and others express caution.

I put the special creation of Adam and Eve at 6,000 years ago because I don't see any wiggle room in the genealogies, and because Jesus said "from the beginning he made them male and female". Regarding the earth I lean toward being a YEC, too, although I respect and appreciate the OEC work done by Hugh Ross.
 
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