Unfortunately it's not a single test - it's a syndrome which basically means it's a group of symptoms. Some women have insulin resistance, some don't, which is checked on some blood tests. Most women have cysts on their ovaries, which they check via ultrasound. Some have acne, and skin tags. There are other symptoms that are slipping my mind right now.
I'm not sure how you'd go about getting tested w/o insurance, b/c it can get quite expensive quickly. Most general Drs wouldn't even want to test for it, they would send you to either a Reproductive Endo, or a regular Endo if you aren't trying to get pregnant.
A site that I would recomend is soulcysters.net (and .com). The .net is mainly a message board, but you can get information from ladies that have it, and herbal remedies. The .com site is more offical information. Both are great.