Wait, just for my own clarification, these aren't proof for evolution, but evolution is their explanation? I'm a little confused...
Well, all those things could also be explained by a God, so evolution isn't the only explanation. So those things can't be used as proof of evolution, because evolution isn't the only thing that could be responsible. It would be like saying, "Either Bill or Joe took the chocolate. That proves that Bill did it!"
But what we see in reality with those things matches up precisely with what must have happened if evolution is the explanation. However, if God is the explanation, then it's a huge coincidence that what we see matches up with something that isn't the truth.
A user here on CF recently used the analogy of a person going to a restaurant. I go into a restaurant and two chefs approach me and ask what I want to eat.
To the first chef, I say, "I don't care, make me anything at all and I'll eat it."
To the second chef, I say, "Make me a pizza with three different kinds of cheese all over, ham and pineapple on one side, mushrooms and pepperoni on the other side, but no olives at all."
A little while later, the waiter brings out a plate, and on it is a pizza with three different kinds of cheese all over, ham and pineapple on one side, mushrooms and pepperoni on the other side, but no olives at all. Do I conclude that the first chef or the second chef made this dish?
Now, the existence of this exact pizza doesn't prove that the second chef made it. After all, there's nothing that stopped the first chef from making it. But the chances that the first chef made this pizza exactly the way i ordered it to the second chef, even though the first chef didn't hear that order... Well, it's a big coincidence, isn't it? After all, the first chef could have made me ANYTHING. An elephant ear roll. Calamarai in tobasco sauce. A PB&J sandwich. Sushi. An apple strudel. A steak, cooked medium rare, with a pepper sauce, and a side of salad garnished with a rose. Out of literally billions of choices, the first chef COULD have made the exact pizza I ordered. But the chances of that happening are incredibly small.
On the other hand, the second chef was guaranteed to make it. I knew that I'd get such a pizza from him. The chances of it were 100%.
So while I can't say that the existence of the pizza is proof that the second chef made it, I can say that the second chef making this pizza explains everything about it. I can explain why I have half ham and pineapple and half mushrooms and pepperoni, with three kinds of cheese all over and no olives by saying that the second chef was simply carrying out my orders. I cannot do this for the first chef except by invoking a huge amount of luck and coincidence.
In other words, we conclude that the second chef made the pizza because it best fits the evidence we have.
Likewise, if we say that the existence of flightless birds and the other things is explained by God, it requires us to invoke a similarly huge amount of luck and coincidence to explain why the results we see so perfectly match what evolution predicts.
However, if we say it is explained by evolution, we do not need to invoke such coincidence.
Evolution can tell us exactly how those things came about in that particular why. God cannot tell us why those things came about in that way as opposed to any other way.