Deputy Attorney General Coles representation that the President has asserted executive privilege over the relevant post-February 4, 2011, documents raised concerns that there wasgreater White House involvement in Operation Fast and Furious than previously thought.
2
Thecourts have never considered executive privilege to extend to internal Executive Branchdeliberative documents.Absent from the Attorney Generals eight-page letter were the controlling authoritiesfrom the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. As the court held in the seminalcase of In re Sealed Case (Espy):
[FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]The privilege should not extend to staff outside the White House in[/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]executive branch [/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]agencies. [/FONT]Instead, the privilege should apply only tocommunications authored or solicited and received by those members of an immediate White House advisers staff who have broad and significantresponsibility for investigating and formulating the advice to be given thePresident on the particular matter to which the communications relate.
[FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]3 [/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]The D.C. Circuit established the operational proximity test to determine whichcommunications are subject to privilege. [/FONT][FONT=cd9800318d998e9e0a013eb0#901000]Espy [/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]made clear that it is operational proximity to thePresident that matters in determining whether the presidents confidentiality interest isimplicated.[/FONT]
[FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]4 [/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]In addition, even if the presidential communications privilege did apply to some of thesesubpoenaed documents, [/FONT][FONT=cd9800318d998e9e0a013eb0#901000]Espy [/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]made clear that the presidential communications privilege is, at alltimes, a qualified one, and that a showing of need could overcome it.[/FONT]
[FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]5 [/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]Such a need indeed acompelling one plainly exists in this case.The Justice Department has steadfastly maintained that the documents sought by the[/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]Committee do not implicate the [/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]White House whatsoever. [/FONT]If true, they are at best deliberativedocuments between and among Department personnel who lack the requisite operational proximity to the President. As such, they cannot be withheld pursuant to the constitutionally- based executive privilege. Courts distinguish between the presidential communications privilegeand the deliberative process privilege. Both, the [FONT=cd9800318d998e9e0a013eb0#901000]Espy [/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]court observed, are executive privileges [/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]designed to protect [/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]the confidentiality of [/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]Executive Branch decision-making. [/FONT]The deliberative- process privilege, however, which applies to executive branch officials generally, is a commonlaw privilege that requires a lower threshold of need to be overcome, and disappears altogether when there is any reason to believe government misconduct has occurred.
[FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]6 [/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]The Committee must assume that the White House Counsels Office is fully aware of the prevailing authorities of [/FONT][FONT=cd9800318d998e9e0a013eb0#901000]Espy[/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000], discussed above, and [/FONT][FONT=cd9800318d998e9e0a013eb0#901000]Judicial Watch v. Dept of Justice[/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000].[/FONT]
[FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]7 [/FONT][FONT=cd9800328d99969f0a013eb0#901000]If theinvocation of executive privilege was proper, it calls into question a number of public statementsabout the involvement of the White House made by you, your staff, and the Attorney General.[/FONT]From the early stages of the investigation, the White House has maintained that no WhiteHouse personnel knew anything about Operation Fast and Furious. Your assertion of executive privilege, however, renews questions about White House involvement.