Aron-Ra
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The date Gluadys gave for Psalms is more recent than the Avestas, and both are more recent than the Vedic origins of that god. Mitra is first mentioned in the Rg Veda, which is even older than the book of Job. So no, Mithra is definitely older than any part of the Old Testament, and even the Persian version of that is older than Psalms. Even in the movie, the Bible: Solomon, there are characters talking about Ahura Mazda, and that movie claims to be researched for accuracy.Aron-Ra said:Mithras does appear to have influenced the Bible, and you can see evidence of that influence in several passages. Mithras was a sun-god, and Psalms 104:2 reflects Mithraic belief.Oncedeceived said:Mithra was not in existence prior to the Old Testament. It would be unlikely that it influenced the Psalms when they preceded the belief itself.
So there are also many claiming authority in the field who believe that Solomon's contemporaries already worshipped some variant of the Zoroastrian god, centuries before Zarathustra.
Not possible due to the fact that even the archaeological origins of Roman Mithraism predates the oldest known copy of Isaiah in the Dead Sea Scrolls:Remember that Mithras wore a cloak in which all the stars of the Heavens were sewn. And that it was he who brought on the night by draping his cloak over the crystal dome that was the firmament over the flat Earth.
"he that sitteth upon the compass of the earth, ...that stretcheth out the heavens as a curtain, and spreadeth them out as a tent to dwell in."
--Isaiah 40:22This supports the fact that Mithra beliefs were influenced by Judaism rather than vice versa as Isaiah pre-dated Mithra.
"a revealing inscription dating much earlier [than the Roman Mithraeum you're referring to] to c. 358 B.C.E. from the region of Caria, in southern Asia Minor, suggests that there was a syncretic movement between Hellenistic and Persian/Medean divinities in the region. In this particular Aramaic inscription, the epithet ksathrapati is identified with Apollo, which for Iranians would correspond to Mithra."10
--Mithraism.org
The written accounts of Mithra in the Avestas also predate Isaiah.
"Mithra is is the subject of Yashts (hymns) in the Zoroastrian Avesta, a text compiled during the Sassanian period (224-640 CE) to preserve a much older oral tradition."
University of Evansville, Indiana
http://eawc.evansville.edu/
So if we go only by what we can support with archaeology, then Isaiah was written within a couple hundred years of Jesus' birth. Mithra's influence on Rome would still have begun at least a couple centuries earlier than the Hebrew's Isaiah, and some four centuries before the Christian edition of it. But if we go with what we can tell from historical context, then Isaiah moves back to around 600 BCE, (contemporary with Zarathustra). But the Persian's Mithra moves back also, and still much further, so that Mithra and Mazda still predate Isaiah no matter what angle you want to take. And of course the Vedic origin of that god predates Judaism entirely, since the Rig Veda is estimated to be at least as old as even the oral tradition of Job, or even as much as 300 years older.
Not only that, but as a Biblical literalist, do you really want to defend the idea that the Earth is really covered by the giant crystal dome, or that night is brought about by some god's clothes being draped over it? Well, I guess as a Biblical literalist, you would have to.
Not quite. Zoroastrianism is often credited with being the first "revealed" religion, or the first monotheistic religion, although Amenhotep's worship of Aten really came first, and both beliefs are technically henotheistic. Regardless, among specialists in this area, it is the professional opinion of many theologians, and even the majority of historians, and of course archaeologists as well, -that Zoroastrianism has been a profound influence over western monotheism, more so than any other formal belief system we know of, except of course for the Mesopotamian lore on which Judaism is based.There are a few other passages like this that illustrate the same concept. For this and several other reasons, I think Judaism didn't take its current form until after the influence of Zoroastrianism in about 600 BCE, since there is no mention of anything like Heaven or Hell in any religion until that time, and Mithras is prominent in Zoroastrian mythology.But your thinking that it didn't take its current form until that time is only conjecture on your part.
That appears to be impossible. All the references I've seen indicate they were contemporary, (even according to the Persian/Zoroastrian tradition) or that Mithra is older. In either case, the point remains that the first mentions of Hell come from Semitic ancestry, from Nergal, a character closely-related to Mithraism/Zoroastrianism, and specifically Ahriman. The Egyptians had only a Heaven for all of their dead except the really evil ones, who's souls would be devoured by a great beast, so that they couldn't continue to annoy anyone in the afterworld. But there was no eternal alternative for good vs evil souls until Zarathustra's explanation of the Kingdom of Justice and Truth under Ahura-Mazda, and the Kingdom of the Lie under Ahriman, HaShai'tan, "the opposer" of faith. This was doubtless the origin of the Hebrew's classic concept of "the devil" ruling in Hell, where the typical [current] Christian belief has changed, so that Jesus rules over Hell, and Satan now walks the Earth.Zoroastrian beliefs were post Judaism.
No it isn't. Ask any Jew. They'll tell you so, and they'll probably be able to defend that pretty well too.But I didn't imply that Mithras came prior to, or was a parallel of Jewish belief. He's a parallel for Jesus.But the Jewish belief is foundation for Christianity and Christ.
The Mormons and the Muslims both say the New Testament was a foundation for their beliefs, and you would probably deny both of their claims with the same motivation that prompts the Jews to contest your claim.
Nope. Mithras, Mithra, Mitra, Meitros, Mihr, Mehr, and Meher all predate any mention of Jesus, in all cases, by hundreds of years. And there is not one passage from the OT that implicates Jesus specifically, or else the Jews would be Christian too, and so would the Muslims. There is a passage in Isaiah that names the expected Messiah, but his name was supposed to be Immanuel, a name which doesn't even have a similar meaning to Y'shua, and so can't be said to implicate Jesus.There are many OT verses that refer to Jesus and that was before Mithra.
But no matter which version of the Mithraic religion you're looking at, Mithraism still predates Christianity, and most of the Mithraic traditions even predate the Bible. It began with the Rig Veda in about the 15th Century BCE, was then adopted and modernized in the Persian Avestas in the 7th Century BCE, and then adapted for Romans by at least the 1st Century BCE, all prior to Jesus, all PRE-Christian.He was the physical representative of the sun-god, Ahura-Mazda, Lord of the Kingdom of Justice and Truth, in much the same way as Jesus was Abba's representative on Earth as well. Both performed some of the same miracles, both traveled with twelve companions, both were conceived without intercourse, both were the "judge of souls", and both contested Ahriman "the Opposer" who's name is Shai'tan [Satan] in Hebrew. There are other similarities as well. But no matter which version of the Mithraic religion you're looking at, Mithraism still predates Christianity, and most of the Mithraic traditions even predate the Bible.These terms that you are citing are post-Christian in most cases.
That's true. But they are not entirely unknown. For one thing, we know that Mithras, like Dionysus, Buddha, and so many others, was born miraculously, not through intercourse. He was also closely-associated with astrological symbols, and with Sol, (Helios) who toted the sun across the sky in a golden chariot just as Apollo did, which is also reminiscent of Genesis 32. This is according to stone reliefs and painted scenes inside many Mithraeum. But all of the earliest depictions of your god were the same, showing Jesus in a golden carriage, carting the sun across the Zodiac just like all the other sun-gods had done before.Mithraism prior to Christianity was very elusive. The caves that have the evidence of its belief system are within this time frame(Christian time frame). The early beliefs were unknown and kept very secret.
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We also know that Mithras was worshipped by various denominations in many different lands, and that he was created to be equal in worship to the supreme god as part of a trinity, a triunal god, just as Krsna was as well. In that sense also, your christ was still not an original idea.
Agreed. My first reference for this was Kersey Grave's "The World's Sixteen Crucified Saviours". But I found that Graves was mistaken in many of his claims. There never was a 'Crite of Chaldea' for example. And sadly, a lot of people do base their conclusions on his (or similar) claims, however faulty, or unverifiable. I do not. I originally quoted this list of parallels on Talk.Origins, seeking to verify their accuracy. I have since had to discover on my own which ones were correct, and which were unreliable. On my own, I have also found a number of parallels in the old pantheons that no one had ever noted before, like the link between Enki and "the fall", or the history of Amen-Ra implying him to be a likely foundation of much of the evolution of the concept of YVWH. And I'm pretty sure none of these other people ever noticed the parallel in the Mahabharata with Jacob's wresting match against the sun-god in Genesis 32. In short, I have found it to my advantage to do as much of my own research as I possibly can, or at least verify other's conclusions.You're asking for very specific references from Greek, Persian, Indian, Egyptian, Canaanite, and Mesopotamian religions all at once, as if you never knew anything about any of them.Honestly, there are so many people who just go to a anti-Christian site and puppet the stuff from there that it is hard to determine who has actually studied from those who do this. The original sources are very important in determining the evidence.
Certainly. My position is that I don't want to simply 'believe' anything, especially not on the value of someone else's word on it alone. I want to know. Or at least, I want to know how to know.Apparently, you want the specific passages, and that takes time to come up with.Yes, but I assume that you would want me to do the same on something that you feel is questionable?
Thank you. I appreciate your patience in letting me take so long to get back to you. With everything that's been going on with me lately, I simply haven't had much time left for these discussions. But I got an A on my biology exam today, so the break was advantageous. Thank you.That's especially hard in Mithras' case since that religion isn't known only from the Avestas but from Roman and even Vedic documents too. I don't know if I can assemble all the specific references for you without having to read a whole lot more than I have time to. But I will do what I can.I understand, I can wait. Take your time.
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