Actually , the passage you quoted is quite harsh. It is a warning about judgement. The goodness of God in the passage that you quoted is that he withholds his judgement in order to give us a chance to repent. The message of the passage is repentance. Not only that the passage comes accross as a huge guilt trip from God.
It actually comes right out and says that you won't be able to hide behind your religion. God is just and will judge based on what people do and don't do. If you're doing wrong , you will be sorry. Quite the cosmic guilt trip and scare tactic here.
It is a very interesting passage of scripture indeed. Let's examine it further;
Romans 2:1 (NIV)
You, therefore, have no excuse, you who pass judgment on someone else, for at whatever point you judge another, you are condemning yourself, because you who pass judgment do the same things.
The first thing we should note is who is being addressed. That would be, "you who pass judgment on someone else".
Romans 2:2-4 (NIV)
Now we know that Gods judgment against those who do such things is based on truth. So when you, a mere human being, pass judgment on them and yet do the same things, do you think you will escape Gods judgment? Or do you show contempt for the riches of his kindness, forbearance and patience, not realizing that Gods kindness is intended to lead you to repentance?
Still speaking to "you who pass judgment on someone else", it goes on to say that when one does that, it is actually quite possible that they have contempt for the riches of God's kindness, forbearance and patience. IOW, these are people that seem to think that God is being a bit too patient with people they think should get their act together.
The other scenario laid out for us is that these people also seem to think by pointing out other people's flaws, it justifies them. It says that God's judgement is based on Truth. While not directly stated, that also implies that a "mere human being['s]' judgment is
not based on Truth.
This is why I said in another thread that I believe Christians should worry more about themselves, i.e. removing the plank from their own eye, rather than trying to correct everyone else i.e. removing the splinters from other people's eyes.
Romans 2:5-9 (NIV)
But because of your stubbornness and your unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath against yourself for the day of Gods wrath, when his righteous judgment will be revealed. God will repay each person according to what they have done. To those who by persistence in doing good seek glory, honor and immortality, he will give eternal life. But for those who are self-seeking and who reject the truth and follow evil, there will be wrath and anger. There will be trouble and distress for every human being who does evil: first for the Jew, then for the Gentile;
This isn't a guilt trip at all. It's a sowing and reaping, cause and effect statement of Truth.
If I tell you, "If you touch that stove, you'll get burnt", I'm not guilting you into not touching the stove. I'm simply telling you what will result if you touch the stove. Likewise here. Unrepentant hearts, self-seekers and those who reject Truth and follow evil will reap what they've sown.
If anything, this is a warning and pleading to allow God's goodness to draw you to repentance. It's not a guilt trip to manipulate you into repenting.