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Do Lutherans believe the elements become the body in memorialist contexts -- say, a Baptist service? with grape juice?
It depends on which Lutherans you ask. I think the tendency among the ELCA is to say yes, though they lose the benefit of the assurance of having all their sins forgiven through the sacrament, because they deny that it is a sacrament. I have heard some LCMS deny that a baptist would have valid sacraments, but I am no expert on this.
We do not necessarily believe the bread changes in the sense of ceasing to be bread. However, we believe that Christ is truly present in the sacrament in his human body. It is not merely a divine presence.
Do they believe it is no longer the body when the service ends?
The Lutheran confessions do not address this question. At my particular parish, the sacrament is reserved.
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