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Determinism- what is it, and is it plausible?

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Asimov said:

So: the self is consciousness' way of arbitrarily choosing a conglomeration of parts as something, when this something is reducable to other somethings. Thus the self does not in objectivity exist according to determinism; you can speak of different pragmatic definitions (as you imply in your last response), and I will not hold anything against you; but pragmatism is instrumental, not objective. If there is no differentiation between the "outer" and "inner" by virtue of determinism, the self is a pragmatic conception used to make sense of things, and as such does not exist in objectivity. Hume, to my knowledge, believed such; as do the Vedantic thinkers.

The problem here, almost certainly, is that you're thinking pragmatically while I'm thinking objectively. Your "so?" implies that you agree with my conclusions; I'm taking these conclusions down an objective trail, while you're looking at me with pragmatic incredulity.

And there is nothing "magical" about libertarianism; it is such only if one's philosophy is egocentric.
 
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Asimov

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So: the self is consciousness' way of arbitrarily choosing a conglomeration of parts as something, when this something is reducable to other somethings. Thus the self does not in objectivity exist according to determinism; you can speak of different pragmatic definitions (as you imply in your last response), and I will not hold anything against you; but pragmatism is instrumental, not objective.

I really don't see how you're exactly showing that the self doesn't exist in determinism.

I'm not pragmatic, I just don't think that your definition of the self is accurate. Descriptively, the self refers to consciousness that is individual. Now, just because you can reduce the consciousness to parts of a whole doesn't mean that the self doesn't exist. Much like the tree doesn't disappear because you can reduce it to the atomic level, or the universe doesn't disappear because you can reduce it to planets.


If there is no differentiation between the "outer" and "inner" by virtue of determinism, the self is a pragmatic conception used to make sense of things, and as such does not exist in objectivity. Hume, to my knowledge, believed such; as do the Vedantic thinkers.

There is a differentiation, just like there is a differentiation between a tree and a dog, or a planet and a star. Like I said, just because you can reduce everything to energy doesn't mean that these concepts don't exist.

The problem here, almost certainly, is that you're thinking pragmatically while I'm thinking objectively. Your "so?" implies that you agree with my conclusions; I'm taking these conclusions down an objective trail, while you're looking at me with pragmatic incredulity.

I don't agree with your conclusions regarding the self because you're presupposing that the self has to be causally independant, which makes no sense. That would require the self to be arbitrary and random...which would make it "free", but totally chaotic. It's not, so your point is moot.

And there is nothing "magical" about libertarianism; it is such only if one's philosophy is egocentric.

Libertarianism is impractical.
 
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phsyxx

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Determinism works fine; it only kills human dignity and, well -- the human being completely. Man becomes reduced to an arbitrarily chosen aspect of nature, and cutting things up to understand them is a necessary qualification of consciousness; objectively speaking, there is no division, only unity. Man is at one with this unity, is the unity, no particularity. This is very pretty, but some people like dignity; and so long as you have value-dissonance, you will not find an open-armed acceptance of vedantic philosophy.

Sorry, in the context of what you said, what does
"vedantic" mean?

I know there are those who suffer from the term coined "bliks", that affect their behaviour, and, whether or not determinism holds sway, or is the truth of life- they, due to their religious "blik", deny the truth of it.

Example: "all of your actions are determined due to a series of factors that influence and affect you."

"no, that is untrue. I don't believe in it."
OR
"No, there is a bottle of water, I chose to drink from it, that is a free choice."
 
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elman

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In order to understand this, I would have to repeat my question what makes the difference between the two. I not only live my life as though choice is but an illusion, but as though I have no choice. To be honest, I still have no clue what might be the landmarks of living one´s life as though there is no choice. I move along, I see options, and I observe myself doing that which my current reasoning abilities, feelings, thoughts, concepts, emotions, physical properties etc. etc. determine me to do. None of those lie within my current control or are subject to my choice.
I don´t see, how I practically lead my life fundamentally different from those who believe they have choice. I don´t understand the question.--Quatona
I cannot understand how you can be making these decisions and at the same time deny you are making them since they are being forced on you by you. You are your current reasoning abilityes, feelings, thoughts, concepts, emotions, physical properties etc. That is you and if that is what is forcing these choices on you, it is you that is doing it and chosing what you chose and you may not have free will, but the person who has your current reasoning abilities, feelings, thoughts, concepts, emotions, physical properties etc. does have free will and is using it. I am not at all clear who the you is that does not have free will.
 
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quatona

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I cannot understand how you can be making these decisions and at the same time deny you are making them since they are being forced on you by you. You are your current reasoning abilityes, feelings, thoughts, concepts, emotions, physical properties etc. That is you and if that is what is forcing these choices on you, it is you that is doing it and chosing what you chose and you may not have free will, but the person who has your current reasoning abilities, feelings, thoughts, concepts, emotions, physical properties etc. does have free will and is using it. I am not at all clear who the you is that does not have free will.
elman, I know from long experience that I thoroughly fail to make myself understood to you.
Would you be very disappointed if I - just this one time - discussed this topic with someone else?
 
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pneo

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- How exactly is choice a prerequisite for change?

Well, if you believe the sentence "I can change myself" has any meaning, then choice is relevant, if not a prerequisite. If not, then not. In the standard understanding of words like "striving" and "improving" many people implicitly assume that the agent is making choices.

The fact that my ways are determined by all factors involved, does not exclude striving, beliefs etc. nor does it make them pointless. It´s just that my striving, beliefs etc are determined, too.

So, I see that you have a deep and subtle understanding of these things.

Much of my argument is not philosophical, so much as psychological: and you seem to have structured a psychology for yourself in which you don't feel that you have a power to choose, but are perfectly content with action.

That's interesting.

Assuming that you don´t think that animals have „freewill“ (correct me if I am wrong): Would you say they are „observers rather than participants in the unfolding of time“? I definitely wouldn´t.

I don't know what the experience of being an animal is. Except for the human animal.

I think it is necessary to acknowledge that certain words have different meanings in everyday life, or when used in a theory about the human condition. Granted, I use „ choice“ and „decision“ in everyday life, but the meaning of the words in this context do not at all have the meaning that they have when used to describe the condition humaine. I notice that you – I guess inadvertantly – use the word „choice“ in a question begging manner, e.g. you say „you evaluate numerous choices“, whilst the very subject of our discussion is whether these are choices or not. Don´t get me wrong: this is not meant as a reproach, I guess it could even happen to me, simply because it is common use to say „choice“ when we actually see options.

Yes, I've grown to be quite a sloppy philosopher in my dotage.

I am slowly beginning to feel like a freak or something, but no, I don´t live my life like that. I do what seems best to me in any given moment, but I am convinced that I am not the determining agent. If I would be the determining agent for these actions, I would have to make them randomly (which, I think, even on the emotional level is not a more tempting idea than them being determined ;) ).

So, this is why I think it is more a psychological question; it is a question about the experience of sentience. In my experience of sentience, and the language I use to describe it, I very much do have the experience of "choosing" from among several available selections. Like you, I recognize that it may very well be that this experience of choosing is something of an illusion, that only one selection is ever actually available, and the selections I do not choose were never more than phantom thoughts in my brain.

Now, it sounds as though you have a different experience, or else, you have thought the issue through so deeply and embodied it into your worldview with such a degree of integration, that this idea of choosing from different selections is not interesting to you; and the notion that "fate" in the sense of the consequences of causality is the determiner of all events does not bother you.

I wouldn't call that freakish at all, but when you debate this issue with people less sophisticated than yourself, remember that they do have that experience, and have attached the reality of sapience very strongly to the belief that a sapient entity has the power of choice.

We could get into some more finely detailed discussions of free will in a deterministic universe, but ultimately, these are all just words, they don't amount to a hill of beans in the end.

On a sidenote: Although „choice“, „decision“ and „freewill“ are not among them, I admit that I use a lot of helpful but quite obviously inaccurate thoughts and concepts to get through my life. This use is limited to certain practical purposes, but in case someone would present them as elements of the human condition, I would vehemently contradict him.

As you are doing.

Even if using concepts like choice etc. for pragmatic purposes, on the level of philosophy and description of the human condition they will lead to completely different implications.

Ah, and here is where we get to my philosophy: that the pragmatic level of human language and experience is more important than any philosophical description of the human condition.

„I make this choice“ and „man has choice“ are two statements of such different quality and implications, that I don´t see how it´s legitimate to conclude one from the other;

Yes, you see, I think "I make this choice" is a much more important statement than "man has choice." Like you, I am willing to cede that under certain philosophical definitions of "choice" humanity may very well not have choice. However, in every imporant respect, "I make this choice."

I also say „the sun rises“ to the girl beside me, but when it comes to astronomy, I would insist that this is a completely inaccurate concept.

Except that since all velocity is relative, it turns out is actually a perfectly accurate concept. In the frame of reference of the observer seated next to an attractive girl on a park bench on Earth, the Sun absolutely does rise. In the frame of reference of the energy-being strolling among the plasma flares of the sun... not so much.
 
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quatona

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Hi again, pneo, and thanks for sharing your thoughts. I think they helped me to make major progresses in understanding where you are coming from.
Well, if you believe the sentence "I can change myself" has any meaning, then choice is relevant, if not a prerequisite. If not, then not. In the standard understanding of words like "striving" and "improving" many people implicitly assume that the agent is making choices.
The sentence „I can change myself“ does not make sense to me. Moreso it seems to be a mere paradox and raises a lot of questions, particularly if assuming „me“ to be having choice. It can only be based on the idea that there is a. the „me“ (who is the choosing part), and b. the „myself“ (who is subject to this choice). I find this sentence very confusing without further clarification.
“I experience changes“ would be my wording.

So, I see that you have a deep and subtle understanding of these things.
I do not really think this is about „understanding things“. For me it is about how we perceive, organize and conceptualize; I am interested in investigating what are the reasons that determine me, you and everyone else to do it the individual ways we do, and which implications come with which concepts, as well as how those concepts again co-determine our future experiences.
I am assuming that we hold our views because they appear to us to be advantageous (in whatever way) over others, and I am interested in learning what the advantages are that others see in their way of conceptualizing.

Much of my argument is not philosophical, so much as psychological: and you seem to have structured a psychology for yourself in which you don't feel that you have a power to choose, but are perfectly content with action.

That's interesting.
The interest in the way the other person structures a psychology for himself is mutual. Although formally discussing philosphical concepts, this is my underlying motivation in this conversation, too.
Although initially I was particularly interested in the question what the psychological reasons for and implications of are in reifying one´s personal experience into the abstract idea of „freewill“ as the human condition and assembling entire worldviews around it, I now seem to understand that you have a similar pragmatic approach as I have and that you speak in terms of „choice“ merely for describing your personal experience.
Thus, I am fine with dropping the human condition thing in favour of looking deeper into the aspects of „structuring a psychology for oneself“ that is based on the assumption of having „choice“ (vs. one that doesn´t).
That was actually my intention when repeatedly asking for the advantages that a person like me - who does not structure his psychology in this way - might be missing.
The aspects so far mentioned (change, striving, improving, feeling „powerful“) are not prevented in the way I experience and conceptualize, in fact they are essential parts of it (except for the power-thing, which I don´t seem to care too much for).
In return, I mentioned that which I find highly advantageous about abstaining from thinking of myself and fellow beings as having „choice“: It renders judging me and them obsolete.

I don't know what the experience of being an animal is. Except for the human animal.
I would even limit your knowledge to the experience of this one individual human animal that you are. ;)

So, this is why I think it is more a psychological question; it is a question about the experience of sentience. In my experience of sentience, and the language I use to describe it, I very much do have the experience of "choosing" from among several available selections. Like you, I recognize that it may very well be that this experience of choosing is something of an illusion, that only one selection is ever actually available, and the selections I do not choose were never more than phantom thoughts in my brain.
As already said above, I am fine with concentrating on this aspect, and I am sorry for insisting so long on an aspect that is not of interest and relevance to you.
And my underlying question is exactly to this point: If, as you assume, you choose to think in terms of choice – what criteria do you choose to apply so that your resulting choice is to think in terms of „having choice“ rather than not?

Now, it sounds as though you have a different experience, or else, you have thought the issue through so deeply and embodied it into your worldview with such a degree of integration, that this idea of choosing from different selections is not interesting to you; and the notion that "fate" in the sense of the consequences of causality is the determiner of all events does not bother you.
I think it has nothing to do with thinking things through particularly deeply, it´s more about having different experiences. „Fate“ in the common use, however, seems to have quite some connotations that make it inappropriate for me to use it when describing my way of experiencing things.

I wouldn't call that freakish at all, but when you debate this issue with people less sophisticated than yourself, remember that they do have that experience, and have attached the reality of sapience very strongly to the belief that a sapient entity has the power of choice.
I wasn´t aware that you perceived yourself as less sophisticated than me. I certainly don´t. :):hug:
The above paragraph brings me to the question: Do you choose your experiences?

We could get into some more finely detailed discussions of free will in a deterministic universe, but ultimately, these are all just words, they don't amount to a hill of beans in the end.
Agreed, I have already gotten over it.

Ah, and here is where we get to my philosophy: that the pragmatic level of human language and experience is more important than any philosophical description of the human condition.
I find myself in complete agreement with you here.
Yes, you see, I think "I make this choice" is a much more important statement than "man has choice." Like you, I am willing to cede that under certain philosophical definitions of "choice" humanity may very well not have choice. However, in every imporant respect, "I make this choice."
How exactly do you choose what is important? And based on what criteria do you choose the notion that the idea of „making choices“ is advantageous over the idea of „performing actions“?
I currently am determined to not experience myself as „making choices“. All I am asking for are potential factors that might henceforth determine me to experience myself as „making choices“.

Except that since all velocity is relative, it turns out is actually a perfectly accurate concept. In the frame of reference of the observer seated next to an attractive girl on a park bench on Earth, the Sun absolutely does rise. In the frame of reference of the energy-being strolling among the plasma flares of the sun... not so much.
Ok. In the same way I see a difference between perceiving (choosing to perceive?) oneself as choosing and notions such as „god has given us freewill“ or „man has freewill“. But in the meantime we have agreed that these differences are not the appropriate topic for you and me to discuss, because we both consider such statements unimportant, so I´ll rest that case.
 
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phsyxx

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Perhaps, perhaps not furthering quatona's post,

Determinism for me- whether it is the way of the universe or not- does not visibly hold sway life in a three-dimensional world.
If I could, as myself, see the future, and all it held- wouldn't I try to change it?
If you act freely here- God, existing in the eternal now, will know what action you will choose, did choose and are going to accidentally choose as a mistake.
You are still free to all beings other than God.
It is only from God's point of view that all beings tread a set path.

However, the defence saying, "I am free, I choose to buy sunglasses in the winter, that is a choice I make entirely of my own volition- I am not determined to do so."
Is put to bed, simply because YES, YOU ARE FREE.
But only from your own point of view.

The idea of Determinism asks you to think from a point of view other than your own- seeing yourself as a factor, rather than viewing your own case as some form of defence, and emotionally attaching some kind of offence to determinism in the process.

Once the concept that all the universe has played itself out, and that God sees the universe in depth, width, height, and time (and some other planes), has been understood-
it is possible to see that all your actions ARE DETERMINED- because there is a DEFINITE OUTCOME-
yet it does NOTHING to destroy your freedom-
as it does not tell you what choices and lifestyle you are determined to make and lead.
 
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elman

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elman, I know from long experience that I thoroughly fail to make myself understood to you.
Would you be very disappointed if I - just this one time - discussed this topic with someone else?

It seemed to me my question was very on point and a reasonable one. I would appreciate an attempt by you to help me understand what you are saying. I cannot promise to understand it but I will do my best.
 
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quatona

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It seemed to me my question was very on point and a reasonable one.
Sure, hadn´t you found it reasonable you wouldn´t have posted it.
My request wasn´t meant to say anything about the quality of your post.
Why would you not respond to it?
Because I would like to have this discussion with pneo for the moment.
You and I, elman, are miscommunicating. We have gone through our routine of discussing your "freewill" concept, what, twenty times? There isn´t much left to say, and I don´t succeed in communicating my points in a way that match your thinking, and I do not understand you, although I have heard your arguments so often.
I promise I will be back for discussing with you whatever you like, but not here and now, please.
You can also ask your questions in another thread or you pm me, and I will respond. Here it would distract from a conversation in which I think I have a pretty solid common ground with the poster I am talking with.
I have to suspect you have no adequate resonse.
You have to? So you have no freewill, after all? ;)
If you can´t help suspecting it, you´ll have to live with your suspicion.
Please don´t take it personally, it is really not meant to be. :hug:
 
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elman

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Sure, hadn´t you found it reasonable you wouldn´t have posted it.
My request wasn´t meant to say anything about the quality of your post.
Because I would like to have this discussion with pneo for the moment.
You and I, elman, are miscommunicating. We have gone through our routine of discussing your "freewill" concept, what, twenty times? There isn´t much left to say, and I don´t succeed in communicating my points in a way that match your thinking, and I do not understand you, although I have heard your arguments so often.
I promise I will be back for discussing with you whatever you like, but not here and now, please.
You can also ask your questions in another thread or you pm me, and I will respond. Here it would distract from a conversation in which I think I have a pretty solid common ground with the poster I am talking with.
You have to? So you have no freewill, after all? ;)
If you can´t help suspecting it, you´ll have to live with your suspicion.
Please don´t take it personally, it is really not meant to be. :hug:

I appoligize for the way my post sounded. I went to change it and found I was too late.
 
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JohnLocke

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Determinism.
I'm not entirely sure within my own mind what it is, so this thread is open to all to members to post there own individual interpretation on the matter, and equally

does determinism work, as a concept?
Is it true? False? Faulty?
Is there a proof against it?
Determinism:
The belief, or assumption, that each action or event has a set of specific and identifiable causes such that in the presence of such causes the action or event will always happen.

In its absolute sense determinsim is impossible to prove or disprove. Any time the deterministic prediction is frustrated, the determinist will argue (often rightly) that the prediction failed to account for a minor cause.

Philosophically, the question is not whether determinism exists, so much, as to what extent, if any, "free will" can overcome some of the determinative factors. In essence, the two are freely compatible, as a reformed determinist merely proposes that "free will" is just one of a number of minor factors which cause events or actions.
 
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TricksterWolf

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It's fatism. That whatever happens is destined to happen. I disagree with it.
I don't think determinism is the same as fatalism. It just suggests that everything has a cause and an effect. Human choice isn't an "illusion" unless you want to see it that way. Choice is still important because we don't understand the outcome.

Besides which, if you believe that God knows the future and God is infallable, then predestination logically follows. It doesn't rob us of our freedom to choose. Freedom of choice doesn't require magical, illogical means of events spontaneously happening outside of a causal web.

So I'm a hard determinist, but I still believe in free will.

Trickster
 
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phsyxx

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I don't think determinism is the same as fatalism. It just suggests that everything has a cause and an effect. Human choice isn't an "illusion" unless you want to see it that way. Choice is still important because we don't understand the outcome.

Besides which, if you believe that God knows the future and God is infallable, then predestination logically follows. It doesn't rob us of our freedom to choose. Freedom of choice doesn't require magical, illogical means of events spontaneously happening outside of a causal web.

So I'm a hard determinist, but I still believe in free will.

Trickster


Same here trickster, but I'm not so hardline.
After all, a series of random events and a lack of order would point to there being NO God for me.
And in that sense, God and his "perfect plan", "destiny" and the like terms all seem to fit.
But from where you're sitting now, there is no script either you nor I and reading.
 
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ReluctantProphet

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I can't believe you guys are still talking about this subject so much.

Determinism is a mind game. It tells a true fact and subtly leaves out a primary concern in the explanation so as to appear to propose a necessary paradox (the way they all work).

The subtle thing being left out of the explanation is simply that your decisions are a part of what is the determinate. The exact future depends on what you decide and what you decide is based on what you were led to decide by what you decided earlier along with everything else that was happening.

The normal mind thinks of the exact state of the universe as something separate from himself. This leads him to conclude that his decisions make no difference because the "future is already decided".

It is true that the future can be calculated by anyone who can truly know all things from any one point. But to do that, he must also know what he, himself, is going to decide to do with his calculations. This means that he must see the future, then decide what to do, then see the future again considering his new decisions, then see the future again, then decide again, then see again, on and on infinitely.

If you are not in the business of seeing the exact future to any great detail involving yourself, then it isn't an issue.

Another of the very many misunderstandings concerning God is that you each are a part of God and thus the decisions that God is making are affected by your own decisions.

This is why the fact that God already knows the future has no bearing on your free will. God is the only conceptual entity that can do the infinite degree of recursive calculations that would actually reveal any certain truth.
 
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elman

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Determinism:
The belief, or assumption, that each action or event has a set of specific and identifiable causes such that in the presence of such causes the action or event will always happen.

In its absolute sense determinsim is impossible to prove or disprove. Any time the deterministic prediction is frustrated, the determinist will argue (often rightly) that the prediction failed to account for a minor cause.

Philosophically, the question is not whether determinism exists, so much, as to what extent, if any, "free will" can overcome some of the determinative factors. In essence, the two are freely compatible, as a reformed determinist merely proposes that "free will" is just one of a number of minor factors which cause events or actions.

I would disagree with free will being minor and if we have free will, the ability to effect the outcome, then determinism is not possible. I think God or love or good is going to be victorious ultimately but that does not mean I have no part in my personally being part of the good rather than the evil.
 
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