theoddamerican said:
Scientific Principle Biblical Reference Time had a beginning 2 Timothy 1:9, Titus 1:2, 1 Corinthians 2:7
I am not too sure how far you can press something like this. It is true that one of the unique features of the Judeo-Christian-Muslim world view is that the universe is not eternal. Many other world-views, including some popular among the Greeks held that the world was eternal but their gods had beginnings. That is the opposite of the biblical view that God is eternal and the world had a beginning.
However, the Greeks also held that the gods changed the world from a formless chaos into a created order (much as the bible describes God doing in Genesis 1) so even though they held the universe in general as being eternal, they did look to a beginning of the world order and might well have used much the same language that Paul does here. e.g. "before the gods were born..."
An interesting side note here is that atheist scientists were very reluctant to support the hypothesis of a big bang because it suggested a beginning to time, and until then, nothing in science contradicted the idea that the universe is eternal. The idea that the universe and time have a starting point was rejected by scientists like Fred Hoyle because it sounded too much like creation.
2 The universe had a beginning Genesis 1:1, 2:4, Isaiah 42:5, etc.
Same as above. Note that the biblical principle here is that God is eternal, the universe is created and has a beginning.
That is all.
It would be an error to say that these verses support the scientific theory of the big bang. They say nothing about when and how the universe came into being. Only that it did come into being at God's command. The bible does not teach that the universe appeared 13.7 billion years ago for example. It does not contradict this scientific fact, but it does not teach it either.
3 The universe was created from the invisible Hebrews 11:3
4 The dimensions of the universe were created Romans 8:38-39
5 The universe is expanding Job 9:8, Psalms 104:2, Isaiah 40:22, Isaiah 42:5, Isaiah 44:24, Isaiah 45:12, Isaiah 48:13, Isaiah 51:13, Jeremiah 10:12, Jeremiah 51:15, Zechariah 12:1
This is a prime example of how those who claim to adhere to a literal interpretation of scripture really do not, but import ideas from modern science into scripture and impose a non-literal interpretation on the text that it will not bear when you truly look at what the text actually says.
Not one of these texts speaks about the universe expanding. The phrase used is "stretched out the heavens". And this is not the same thing at all.
For example the psalmist and Isaiah often complete the phrase "stretched out the heavens" with "like a tent". The universe does not expand "like a tent".
In several cases "stretched out the heavens" is paralleled with a phrase such as "spread out the earth" or "laid the foundations of the earth". So if "stretched out the heavens" refers to the expanding universe "spread out the earth" logically refers to an expanding planet. "laid the foundations" by contrast, suggests a stable, unmoving earth, over which a stable, unexpanding heaven is stretched out like a tent.
Finally, in all cases, the scripture uses a past tense implying that the work of stretching out the heavens was completed before the creation of humankind, or indeed any species. So even if it could be referred to expanding the universe, it refers to an expansion that was halted sometime before humans existed. But as we know the expansion of the universe has not halted and is, in fact, accelerating.
Associating the idea of an expanding universe with the biblical phrase "stretched out the heavens" is sheer sloppy reading of scripture. Any one who claims to adhere to a literalist interpretation of scripture should be thoroughly ashamed to present this argument.
6 Creation of matter and energy has ended in the universe (refutes steady-state theory) Genesis 2:3-4
No it doesn't. It supports a static universe that does not expand. The steady-state theory was developed to explain the expansion of the universe, and no one who had a hand in writing the bible had any idea that the universe was expanding.
A static universe contradicts the steady-state theory because the steady state theory is a theory of an expanding universe. But as seen above, the scriptures do not support an expanding universe either. So they were not written with the purpose of opposing steady-state theory.
For millennia Jews and Christians supported creation and the beginning of the universe in time without adding in the concept of an expanding universe. That is also what the scriptures are doing.
An expanding universe is consistent with a created universe, but it is also a new scientific discovery not found in scripture.
7 The universe is winding down and will "wear out" Psalms 102:25-27
This is a truism. What has a beginning in time will age and have an end in time, even something as apparently timeless as the universe. One does not need to appeal to science to see the logic of this, and so, it cannot be cited as an example of scripture revealing modern science.
8 Describes the correct order of creation Genesis 1 (see Day-Age Genesis One Interpretation) Number of stars exceeds a billion Genesis 22:17, Jeremiah 33:22
No, the factual order of creation is quite different from the biblical one. For example, stars existed long before the sun and moon, but the bible shows them being created simultaneously. Neither verse cited is specific as to "billions". They only suggest "very many" and "cannot be counted". Given the state of mathematical conceptions at the time, that could be as few as 50 million or it could extend into quadrillions. If they really cannot be counted as Jeremiah suggests, it could mean there are an infinite number of stars. It cannot be pinpointed to billions. It cannot even be said for sure that one billion is a lower limit.
9 Every star is different 1 Corinthians 15:41
"in glory" yes. This does not say that the difference in glory implies physical difference. Identical twins can still be different in glory. Same goes for stars.
10 Pleiades and Orion as gravitationally bound star groups Job 38:31
Sheesh! Nobody learns history anymore. The influences referred to here are the influences of the stars on human affairs. Remember the wise men were led to the infant Jesus because they could read the signs of the stars. How did they know the new star signified a new king of the Jews rather than a new king of Siam?
I was informed by another creationist that ancient Hebrew did not even have a word for "gravity", so you cannot read gravitational forces into the OT.
11 Light is in motion Job 38:19-20
Sloppy reading again. Actually it says the opposite, for God asks Job "Where is the way the light dwelleth?...that thou shouldest know the paths to the house thereof?"
In this image, the light is not moving. It is dwelling in an unmoving house. To get to the light, Job would have to know the path that leads to the house where light dwells. Job would have to go to the light. It is not moving to meet him.
12 The earth is controlled by the heavens Job 38:33
This is referring to God's rule over creation. Has nothing to do with the physical heaven.
13 Earth is a sphere Isaiah 40:22 Job 26:10
Both verses refer to a circle. In fact, the KJV translates the Job citation as "compassed" which means to draw a circle or circuit. (Remember your basic math tool set includes a compass for drawing circles.) The same idea is found in Proverbs 8:27 "when he set a compass (i.e."drew a circle") on the face of the deep."
In Isaiah, this verse includes the idea of the heavens stretched out like a tent to dwell in. Do you stretch out a tent over a ball or over a flat circular piece of ground? (Assuming a round tent to match the contours of the circle.) If the heaven/tent was stretched to fit the circumference of a sphere, half of the inhabitants of the earth would be outside the shelter of the heaven/tent. They would not be able to dwell in it.
14 At any time, there is day and night on the Earth Luke 17:34-35
I see nothing here that suggests this conclusion.
15 Earth is suspended in space Job 26:7
Actually on or over the abyss. The concept of outer space was unknown before the 16th century. This biblical verse alludes to the earth being set on foundations, but the foundations themselves are not anchored to anything, as the watery abyss (the waters below the firmament in Gen. 1:7) is all there is below the earth and its foundations.
16 Earth Sciences Earth began as a waterworld. Formation of continents by tectonic activity described Genesis 1:2-9, Psalms 104:6-9, Proverbs 3:19, Proverbs 8:27-29, Job 38:4-8, 2 Peter 3:5
But earth did not begin as a water world. It began as a sphere of molten rock. Even when water fell on the earth, it immediately vaporized until the crust had cooled enough to retain liquid water.
How you force the idea of tectonic movement into these verses is beyond me.
17 Water cycle described Ecclesiastes 1:7; Isaiah 55:10, Job 36:27-28
Well none describes the full water cycle, but they come close. After all, some basic science is readily observable. I don't know that they understood evaporation and its connection with the hydrological cycle.
18 Valleys exist on the bottom of the sea 2 Samuel 22:16
What translation says "valleys"? None of mine do.
19 Vents exist on the bottom of the sea Job 38:16
No. No vents in any of my translations. You have to add them into the text to put them there.
20 Ocean currents in the sea Psalms 8:8
This is weird. Given that people did sail the sea in those days, of course they would be aware of currents, but this text does not seem to be referring to them.
21 Air has weight Job 28:25
I doubt this means what you think it means. "Winds" in biblical use does not equate to "air" in physics.
22 Winds blow in circular paths Ecclesiastes 1:6
This only says that the winds blow from different directions. It does not indicate a grasp of meteorology.
23 Biology The chemical nature of human life Genesis 2:7, 3:19
You have got to be kidding. A reference to dust does not indicate any awareness of the chemistry of dust.
24 Life of creatures are in the blood Leviticus 17:11
Yes, an observation clear without modern scientific knowledge.
25 The nature of infectious diseases Leviticus 13:46

Obviously they knew infectious diseases were communicable. That doesn't imply they knew the mechanisms of infection. "Defilement" is a religous concept not a medical one.
26 Importance of sanitation to health Numbers 19, Deuteronomy 23:12-13, Leviticus 7-9
Sorry, "clean" in the Torah refers to ritual purity and does not indicate an awareness of the role of hygiene in health.