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Best Argument For or Against God's Existence

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Achilles6129

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Joshua, does intelligence begin to exist? Is intelligence uncaused and disembodied?

Who's intelligence? Ours? If you're referring to our intelligence, then yes it began it exist. It's not uncaused and it's not disembodied (since it's within our bodies, obviously).

No it doesn't. It doesn't even rule out polytheism, aliens, or fairies.

Doesn't matter. You see, other "gods," aliens, fairies, or "the Divine Flame" would have to be powerful enough and intelligent enough to create this universe. All that you've done is substituted the "gods," aliens, fairies, or "the Divine Flame" for God. So you really do believe in a God, you just labeled him differently.
 
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Achilles6129

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Until every other natural explanation is ruled out, please don't put God in the knowledge gap.

Why not? Explain why your natural explanations are better than God?

Like I said a million times already, this universe probably had a beginning, but I'm not ruling out that it didn't either. Because WE DON'T KNOW.

Do you believe time can have an infinite regress? And do you believe the universe is subject to time?
 
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Achilles6129

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Then a "God" that walked and talked in a [hypothetical] Garden of Eden is struck from your list of potential candidates. Where does that leave you?

No it isn't. An immaterial being can manifest himself materially.
 
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Davian

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Well let's not be too hasty (either way) until we evaluate the situation. Let's try to use some logic and see where it takes us.
Logic? Well, it's never too late to start. ;)
I really don't see where this is relevant. But if you mean to suggest that other universes exist without a beginning, I hope you remember that the BGV addressed multiple universes also. But we're beyond that now and discussing possible causes.



After all this, now you say you don't need convincing that p2 was probably true? I'm wondering what evidence or argument you knew of that I didn't reference. Okay, well I guess the exercise did us good, eh?


You still move to fast for me. Let's see what we can figure anything out about the probable cause first. For example, if we feel that we can safely conclude that the cause had wings and looked like your dragon, then we could rule out the Abrahamic god, right?

So it seems to me that we can first say that the cause is probably immaterial. I say that because it is incoherent to suggest that since the universe contains everything material, that something within the universe could have created itself.

In like manner, the cause would have been space-less.
Where would it be?
In like manner, I think we could also say that the cause was probably timeless.
Frozen like a bug in amber.
Since something within the space-time universe could not have created itself, then the cause must have been timeless.
Yet you cannot rule it out.
Whatever the cause was, it would have to at least been as powerful as all of the power within the universe.
The observed net energy of the universe is zero - it you are not continuing to cherry-pick the science as you see fit.
Since time began at the beginning of the universe, then we can say that there never was a time when the cause did not exist. That means the cause was a "necessary" thing (its existence is not contingent on anything else), and was therefore an uncaused thing.
I do not presume that this can be adequately described in layman's language, and would defer to the astrophysicists on this one. Do you know better?
This one is really hard for many people to understand.
Or explain.
If the cause was just an inanimate natural cause,
Who said inanimate?
and the conditions existed to cause the universe to begin to exist (the effect) with the cause, it's hard to understand why of both of them did not always exist. But instead, we have evidence that the effect (the universe existing) began a finite time ago, and therefore,
continuing to speculate...
there was a state of affairs in which the cause exists without the effect. It seems the only way for this to work is if the cause was a personal being.
Or, it is case of anthropomorphic projection.
We have that situation now. I could be sitting in a chair and then all of a sudden I (the cause) could choose to sit up (the effect). I would be referred to as a free causal agent (as opposed to a deterministic one).
What do you mean by "free"?
It is my understanding that the modern philosophy of mind would have what we experience as having made decisions as only a narrative constructed by the brain.

From http://www.naturalism.org/metzinger.htm

The unsettling point about modern philosophy of mind and the cognitive neuroscience of will, already apparent even at this early stage, is that a final theory may contradict the way we have been subjectively experiencing ourselves for millennia. There will likely be a conflict between the scientific view of the acting self and the phenomenal narrative, the subjective story our brains tell us about what happens when we decide to act. (p. 127)

From a scientific, third-person perspective, our inner experience of strong autonomy may look increasingly like what it has been all along: an appearance only. (p. 129)

So it seems to me that we could say that the cause of the universe beginning to exist could be space-less,
Where is it?
timeless,
Stuck like a bug in amber,
uncaused,
Special pleading
immaterial,
What is it made of?
very powerful,
Near zero.
and even personal.
Just not in any way that you can demonstrate.
When I consider all of the candidates that would fit that description, I could list the Jewish, Islamic, or Christian god, and even a mean god.
And, ruling out those beings claimed to have both material traits and be immaterial as that would be incoherent, according to you.
It is notable that this argument actually rules out all of the Greek and Roman gods, Santa Claus, the tooth fairy, and even the Flying Spaghetti Monster.
Not if the FSM is made of immaterial, timeless, and space-less pasta. Is he the only one in the running at this point?
 
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nonbeliever314

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Why not? Explain why your natural explanations are better than God?



Do you believe time can have an infinite regress? And do you believe the universe is subject to time?

1) Natural explanations actually provide results. You try to use those results to argue for something "supernatural".

2) If this universe had a beginning, then time for this universe is finite. Time is part of the universe itself, with space (space-time). There could be an "arrow of time", but also time could possibly be emergent and when the universe is observed a certain way it will appear to be static. It has to do with particle entanglement if I remember correctly.

Question for you, do you think there was absolutely nothing, not even a vacuum before the universe?
 
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ToddNotTodd

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It doesn't matter. Whether you have a "multiverse" or God you would still have the same issue with time. The point is that it's far more reasonable to believe God created the universe than anything else.

Nooooo. Parsimony would suggest that if something created the universe, the less complex solution would be favored. A god is in no way a less complex solution.

Well, that's taken care of. What's next?

Based on deductive reasoning there is reason to think intelligence was involved. If it takes intelligence to create a machine (like a car), and the universe runs like a machine, then it's reasonable to deduce that it took intelligence to create the universe.

Noooooo. Cars and universes are not even remotely similar things, so they can't be compared. If you're going to posit a universe that's designed, you have to contrast it with a universe that was not designed. And since there's no other universes... you can't. Therefore, there's no basis for the position.
 
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nonbeliever314

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P2 is more plausibly true than not. But nonbeliever314 has already conceded that the universe probably had a beginning and now we are considering the possible cause, so I've moved on from the basic KCA now.

The cause..... Where do you want to start? Let's create some mathematical models and see where the logic takes us.
 
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Archaeopteryx

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Who's intelligence? Ours? If you're referring to our intelligence, then yes it began it exist. It's not uncaused and it's not disembodied (since it's within our bodies, obviously).
If intelligence is not uncaused and begins to exist, then why make exceptions for an intelligent designer?

Doesn't matter. You see, other "gods," aliens, fairies, or "the Divine Flame" would have to be powerful enough and intelligent enough to create this universe. All that you've done is substituted the "gods," aliens, fairies, or "the Divine Flame" for God. So you really do believe in a God, you just labeled him differently.
It's not merely the label that is different, but the very nature of the candidates themselves. The aliens might be flesh-and-blood mortals and the fairies might not be eternal. The Divine Flame is not intelligent and doesn't create purposefully. It's just fire. If you want to say that whatever the explanation is, it is "God," then "God" merely becomes a placeholder for whatever the explanation is, even if it's not supernatural and scarcely resembles any recognisable concept of God.
 
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Joshua260

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Until every other natural explanation is ruled out, please don't put God in the knowledge gap.
I doesn't look to me like we have a gap to fill. Rather, we have an entire plethora of possible candidates to consider as a cause for the beginning of the universe, one of which is the Abrahamic god. I hope you are not a priori ruling him out.
 
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Joshua260

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The cause..... Where do you want to start? Let's create some mathematical models and see where the logic takes us.
The cause..... Where do you want to start? Let's create some mathematical models and see where the logic takes us.
Mathematical models can be used to describe things that don't exist as well as ignore things that do. We'll have to stick with philosophy in order to give both sides a fair defense.
 
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Archaeopteryx

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I doesn't look to me like we have a gap to fill. Rather, we have an entire plethora of possible candidates to consider as a cause for the beginning of the universe, one of which is the Abrahamic god. I hope you are not a priori ruling him out.
Why shouldn't we rule him out? Several candidates have already been ruled out by your arbitrary criteria. So why shouldn't we assign our own criteria?
 
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Joshua260

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Oh, he's immaterial, and his fire can do anything. He only appears as a dragon when he comes to me. That's the only way I can describe him.
Ok, I see. So he's not really a dragon, but he manifest himself as one in this universe.

So we agree that the cause would be:

1. immaterial--I concur.

I also suggest that the cause would have to be:
2. timeless (did not begin to exist)
3. uncaused
4. Omnipotent
5. a free causal agent
6. Omniscient

what do you think about these?
 
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Archaeopteryx

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Ok, I see. So he's not really a dragon, but he manifest himself as one in this universe.

So we agree that the cause would be:

1. immaterial--I concur.
Why would the cause have to be immaterial? I suppose you would say that the cause cannot be material because the universe is material and the material cannot cause the material to "come to be." But this is assuming that the material universe - matter and energy - came into existence from nothing (i.e., creatio ex nihilo). You haven't established that this assumption is warranted. This is why it was necessary for you to clarify the meaning of the terms 'cause' and 'begins to exist.' If the second premise, that the universe began to exist, means that matter and energy were created from nothing, then the premise is not supported because we don't know whether matter and energy "came to be" from nothing or whether it always existed in some form. This places a huge question mark over the second premise. If the second premise is taken to mean that the expansion of the universe began 13.8 billion years ago, as indicated by the Big Bang model, then the premise is supported, but your conclusion is still in question. What indicates that the cause of this expansion must be immaterial?

It seems that you have performed a sleight of hand, Joshua260. In support of the second premise, you've gestured toward relevant findings in cosmology. However, those findings support only one particular interpretation of the premise; namely, that the expansion of the universe began 13.8 billion years ago. What happened before then, if "before" even makes sense, is presently unknown to us. The universe may have always existed in some form. The findings you draw on do not necessarily imply that the universe - matter and energy - came to be from nothing, which is what you take the second premise to mean.

Moreover, your argument that the cause must be immaterial, which stems from the assumption that the doctrine of creatio ex nihilo is tenable, seems to preclude any possibility of a natural explanation of cosmological origins. What reason do you have to think that it is impossible for a universe to form through natural processes that are, as yet, poorly understood?
 
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nonbeliever314

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Mathematical models can be used to describe things that don't exist as well as ignore things that do. We'll have to stick with philosophy in order to give both sides a fair defense.

Mathematics can be used to describe essentially everything. This thread is going nowhere if everything just keeps going in circles, it seems like this thread "reboots" every 10 pages. Why is it unfair to use math? You claim you have taken classes in quantum mechanics and general relativity, so using math and physics to help your argument shouldn't be a problem. You always cite cosmology papers, so I don't see why you'd rather just stick to philosophy. I take it your "side" doesn't get the fair defense if math comes into play?
 
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Davian

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I doesn't look to me like we have a gap to fill. Rather, we have an entire plethora of possible candidates to consider as a cause for the beginning of the universe, one of which is the Abrahamic god. I hope you are not a priori ruling him out.
Did you not rule out the "Abrahamic god" when you said he - it - had to be immaterial?
 
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Davian

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Mathematical models can be used to describe things that don't exist as well as ignore things that do. We'll have to stick with philosophy in order to give both sides a fair defense.
What are these "sides" that you allude to? Science and non-science? Evidenced and non-evidenced? Coherent and incoherent?
 
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nonbeliever314

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Ok, I see. So he's not really a dragon, but he manifest himself as one in this universe.

So we agree that the cause would be:

1. immaterial--I concur.

I also suggest that the cause would have to be:
2. timeless (did not begin to exist)
3. uncaused
4. Omnipotent
5. a free causal agent
6. Omniscient

what do you think about these?

The dragon is not omniscient, it doesn't make sense for him to know his own future.
The dragon is eternal, not timeless, he doesn't like to be in a static state.
The dragon didn't have a cause since he's eternal.
The dragon is omnipotent.
The dragon is a slave to his own freedom.
 
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nonbeliever314

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I doesn't look to me like we have a gap to fill. Rather, we have an entire plethora of possible candidates to consider as a cause for the beginning of the universe, one of which is the Abrahamic god. I hope you are not a priori ruling him out.

As I said before I don't rule out anything. You rule out everything besides an Abrahamic god. You said so yourself. It's one thing to think maybe a god or "higher power" in general created everything, fine, but it's incredibly ridiculous to think that you can actually nail it down to a specific one.
 
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