Great let's see how we measure star distances without using heliocentricity or theorization.
We use the various traits that change with distance. For instance, the EM spectrum of a star tells us its absolute brightness - or, more specifically, that its absolute brightness is the same as other stars with the same spectrum.
In other words, we can work out star distances by noting that stars with the same spectra have the same absolute brightness, and so any variation in apparent brightness is due to their different distances.
I'm sure even you can appreciate that a distant object appears dimmer than its closer twin.
How do you measure Pluto's distance then?
The theoretical baseline used in stellar parallax is 186,000,000 miles.
The true baseline is a maximum of 8,000 miles. (Diameter of Earth)
8,000 X 23,250 = 186,000,000
Therefore the factor of error is 23,250 to one.
You realise, of course, that the distance to Pluto is in no way dependant on what baseline we use. A baseline X times larger will give us more accurate results,
not results that are X times bigger. A baseline of 8000 miles, and a baseline of 186,000,000 miles, will both give the
same distance to Pluto.
My God man, are you even trying?
If it involves theoretical science, yes I reject it as truth.
It's a mathematical model that has been vindicated by over a century of experimental data. Of course, because it still has the word 'theory' in its name, you instantly baulk and run away, right?
Can you link me to some papers that explain this?
Newton's Laws are pretty well established in the world of science.
It's a theory. I reject it.
Because it's a theory? How bizarre. I suppose you also reject the chemical
theory of atoms? The germ
theory of disease? The quantum
theory of matter? The "If I turn a kettle on, water will boil"
theory of making tea?
As I keep saying, 'theory' is not a dirty word. It simply means 'a claim supported by the evidence'.
Gravity doesnt describe orbits.
Yes, it does. What else keeps the planets orbiting the Sun, or the Moon around the Earth, or, indeed, the artificial satellites?
Turn on a GPS, and see proof that gravity is real.
But a theory none the less. Aetheism is also a theory adopted by the masses. But I know darn well it's wrong.
How, exactly?
Ok well in my universe you can believe your eyes and the forces are real.
I'll stick to reality, thanks.
All that maths is alien to me. Can you tell me if his calculations assumed that the inside of the shell was a perfect vacuum, or if it was made up of....'stuff'?
The mathematics ignores any medium inside the shell, thus, the medium is irrelevant. The proof holds no matter what you fill the shell with: the shell itself does not exert any gravitational or electromagnetic force on the object(s) within.