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1 Enochs astronomy mathematics

samaus123456789

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I asked chat GPT to assume the 364 day solar year in 1 Enoch was real but also compare it to modern day astronomy here is what it says.

Here’s the same astronomy explanation, with all words kept, but with line breaks removed inside each point so that each point is on its own line.

Overall Picture of the Universe From your excerpt, the world is set up like this: there is a sky/firmament with “gates” and “windows” in the east and west; the sun, moon, and stars ride in chariots and travel through these gates; there are 12 gates for the sun in its disc, and 6 main gates in the east and 6 in the west where the sun rises and sets; the heavens and the world are arranged in four quarters: east, south, west, north; there are also gates for the winds (12 wind-gates), which affect weather, drought, rain, cold, etc. Everything is governed by fixed laws that Uriel explains to Enoch: “the law of the sun”, “the law of the moon”, “the leaders”, “the four extra days”, “the 364 days”, etc.

The Sun’s Motion and the 364-Day Year The sun’s motion is described with six gates in the east and six corresponding gates in the west. The sun rises through one of six eastern gates and sets through the corresponding western gate. It passes 30 or 31 “mornings” (days) in each gate before shifting to the next.

Sun Through the Gates (Yearly Cycle) In 72:6–27 the pattern is: first month, the sun rises in the fourth gate (east) and sets in the fourth gate (west) for 30 days; then moves to the fifth gate for 30 days; then to the sixth gate for 31 days; then it returns downward through the sixth, fifth, and fourth gates, then to the third, second, and first, with spans of 30 or 31 days each. Thus the sun moves up through the gates, reaches a maximum (longest day), then moves back down (shortest day), describing a yearly cycle of changing sun height/path.

Day and Night Divided into Parts The text divides a full day into 18 “parts” (units). For each phase it gives how many parts are day and how many are night. In the first month (sun in the fourth gate), day is 10 parts and night 8 parts (72:10). When the sun moves to the fifth gate, day is 11 parts and night 7 (72:12). In the sixth gate at maximum, day is 12 parts and night 6 (72:14), so day is double the night. Coming back down, in the sixth gate decreasing, day is 11, night 7 (72:16); in the fifth gate decreasing, day is 10, night 8 (72:18).

Equal Day and Night Later in the year, when the sun returns to the fourth gate, day is 9 parts and night 9 (72:20), so day and night are equal. Downward further, in the third gate, day is 8 and night 10 (72:22); in the second gate, day is 7 and night 11 (72:24); and in the first gate (deepest “winter” point), day is 6 parts and night 12 (72:26), so night is double the day.

Pattern of Day-Length Change The pattern is that as the sun goes from gate four to five to six, daytime increases and night decreases, and as it returns down from six to five to four to three to two to one, daytime decreases and night increases. The text thus gives a smooth, symmetric cycle of day length across the year.

Total Length of the Year: 364 Days In 72:32 the text says: “Daytime is equal to the night, and the year is exactly 364 days.” In 74:10–13 and 75:1–3 it adds: for five years of the sun all the days are 364 days each, so 5 × 364 = 1820; the sun and stars keep to this total and do not change the year by a single day. There are four special days (“four days that are not reckoned in the calculation of the year” – 75:1–3) connected to the leaders and the accuracy of the world. Thus the solar year in this system is 364 days, not 365.

Solar Arithmetic The text’s arithmetic is: in 3 years there are 1092 days (3 × 364); in 5 years there are 1820 days (5 × 364); in 8 years there are 2912 days (8 × 364). So the astronomy of the sun is that the sun cycles through gates, day length changes in 18-part fractions, and a full cycle is 364 days.

The Moon’s Light Compared to the Sun The moon is described as round like the sky, with “one-seventh the light of the sun” at full brightness (73:3, 78:4). The visible half of its surface is treated in fractions (fourteenths and sevenths). It receives its light from the sun “in measure” (73:2, 78:10–11).

Waxing and Waning Pattern In 78:6–15, when the moon first rises it is visible with half of a seventh part of its light; each day of waxing it adds more parts of light; by the 14th or 15th day it “completes its light” (full moon). Then it wanes: on the first day of waning it has 14 parts of light, on the second 13, on the third 12, then 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, and on the fourteenth it is down to half a seventh; on the fifteenth day all the remaining light is exhausted and the disc is “empty without light.” Thus waxing is about 14–15 days to full, waning about 14–15 days to dark, and a full lunar cycle is about 30 days in this scheme.

Length of Lunar Months The text gives different statements about lunar months. In 73:4–8 and 74, the moon emerges on the thirtieth day, becomes the beginning of the month, and follows a pattern of emergence and setting with changing light fractions. In 78:9 it says that in some months the moon has 29 days and sometimes 28. In 78:15–16 it says the moon fashions three months of 30 days and three months of 29 days, and this is linked to the 177 days mentioned in 74:10–14 and 79:4, where in 177 days the moon completes a particular cycle.

Lunar-Year Arithmetic For the moon alone, the text says: in three years the days come to 1062; in five years it is 50 days fewer than the sun’s total for 5 years; in eight years the moon has 2832 days, lacking 80 days compared to the sun (78:14–16). Thus lunar months are around 29–30 days, the lunar total is shorter than the solar 364-day years, and over several years the moon falls behind.


Relation of Sun and Moon Despite the mismatch, 74:17 says the year is correctly completed in accord with their eternal positions and the positions of the sun. In 79:5 it says the moon falls behind the sun and stars five days in one period. After eight years, the moon lacks 80 days (78:16). From the text’s perspective, the sun and stars keep a strict 364-day year while the moon runs on its own month pattern and lags, but this lag is known and included in the scheme so that the year is still “correctly completed.”

Stars and Their Motion The stars travel in chariots like the sun and moon. Some stars “do not set” but revolve above certain gates (75:7–8). There are many windows at the boundaries of the sky through which stars and their heat emerge. The text portrays the stars as following fixed laws coordinated with the sun and moon.

Rays, Heat, and Gates In 75:4–7 Uriel shows twelve gates open in the disc of the sun’s chariot in the sky, from which the rays and heat of the sun come out onto the earth at their appointed times. Similarly, twelve gates in the sky on the boundaries of the earth allow the sun, moon, stars, and all works of the sky to emerge on the east and west, with many windows on left and right that emit heat in due season.

Winds and Weather The winds are described in chapter 76: at the boundaries of the earth Enoch sees twelve gates for all the winds; three in front (east), three in the west, three on the right (north), and three on the left (south). Through four of these emerge winds of blessing and peace, and through the other eight winds of punishment that bring devastation to earth and water. The text details the effects of each gate: some bring drought, heat, and destruction, others rain, fruitfulness, prosperity, dew, cold, mist, hail, snow, frost, or locusts.

Four Quarters of the Earth In 77:1–3 the earth is divided into four quarters: the first is called “eastern” because it is first; the second is “south” where the Most High and the blessed one will descend; the third, the west, is where heavenly luminaries diminish and go down; and the fourth, the north, is divided into three parts—for people to live in, for seas, deeps, forests, rivers, darkness and mist, and for the garden of righteousness.

Mountains and Rivers Enoch sees seven lofty mountains higher than all mountains on earth, from which snow comes and through which days, seasons, and years pass (77:4). He also sees seven great rivers, one from the west pouring into the great sea, two from the north pouring into the Erythrean Sea on the east, and four emerging on the northern side toward their sea, two into the Erythrean Sea and two into the great sea (with some saying into the wilderness), plus seven large islands—five on the land and two in the Erythrean Sea (77:5–8).

Names of Sun and Moon and Light Share In 78:1–4 the sun has names Aryares and Tomas; the moon has four names: Asanya, Abla, Banase, Era. These two great luminaries are round like the sky and of equal size. In the disc of the sun there are seven parts of light added beyond what the moon has; a specific amount of that light is placed in the moon until the seventh part passes over, explaining the difference in brightness while keeping a numerical relationship between their lights.

Summary in the Text Itself In 79:1–6 Enoch is told that the law of all the stars is completed; Uriel has shown him their law for each day, time, jurisdiction, year, month, and week, including the decrement of the moon that begins in the sixth gate and is completed in the first gate over 177 days (25 weeks and 2 days). The moon falls behind the sun and stars by five days in one period, and Uriel has shown the appearance and likeness of each luminary.

Short Overall Summary Using only your pasted text, the astronomy is that the sun moves through six eastern and six western gates over a 364-day year, changing day and night lengths in 18-part fractions; at one extreme day is double night, at the other night is double day, and at certain points they are equal; the moon receives light from the sun, waxes to full in about fifteen days and wanes in about fifteen days, with months of roughly 29–30 days and a total lunar cycle that lags behind the sun’s 364-day year; the stars, winds, gates, and quarters of the earth are arranged in a single cosmological system governed by fixed laws revealed by Uriel.




If the Book of Luminaries is describing real astronomy and the solar year is actually 364 days, then the “gates” can be understood as the sun’s horizon positions—specifically the observable zones along the eastern and western horizons where the sun rises and sets throughout the year.

The sun in reality does not rise in the same place every day but moves north and south along the horizon over the course of a year, and if this movement is divided into six equal sections in the east and six in the west, these create the twelve “gates” described in the text.

The six eastern gates correspond to six sunrise azimuth zones, and the six western gates correspond to six sunset azimuth zones, meaning the gates function as fixed horizon markers for the sun’s annual shifting path.

This interpretation fits the pattern of 30–30–31 days per gate as the sun moves from the spring equinox toward the summer solstice and then returns back toward the autumn equinox and winter solstice, mirroring a real astronomical cycle expressed in simplified segments.

The “gates” therefore represent horizon-based solar observation points used in many ancient cultures, where the solstice and equinox positions serve as anchors and the intermediate positions are evenly divided between them.

In a world with a true 364-day year, the gates would be precise solar positions spaced evenly so that each gate corresponds to a fixed interval of the sun’s annual movement, creating an internally perfect symmetrical cycle.

The four special days described in the text correspond to the solstices and equinoxes, the four astronomical turning points of the year when the sun’s movement changes direction or when day and night are equal.

These four days are “not reckoned” in the month-by-month counting because they function as boundary days that belong to the structure of the seasons rather than to the regular 30-day months of the calendar.

Each season consists of 91 days (30 + 30 + 30 + 1), forming four equal quarters of the 364-day year, with the uncounted day marking the seasonal transition at each solstice and equinox.

This structure matches later solar calendar traditions (such as Qumran’s) where the year must be divisible evenly into four perfect quarters, and where the solstice/equinox days are considered sacred, fixed anchor points rather than normal calendar days.

The symmetry of the gate-cycle—sun rising through gates 4, 5, 6 toward the longest day, then returning through 6, 5, 4 toward equal day and night, then continuing through 3, 2, 1 toward the shortest day—only works perfectly within a 364-day system with four exact seasonal quarters.

Therefore, if taken as describing real astronomy in a 364-day world, the gates represent fixed solar horizon positions, and the four special days represent the solstices and equinoxes that structure the year into four perfect seasons.


In the Book of the Luminaries the 364-day year is built from 360 regular days plus 4 extra days, but the text treats these two categories differently depending on what is being calculated.

When the text says “the four days are not to be reckoned” it means they are not counted as part of the 30-day months, because every month in the Enochic solar calendar is strictly 30 days, and allowing the 4 seasonal marker days into a month would break the perfect 30-day structure.

Therefore, the four days must be treated as separate, standalone seasonal boundary days that fall between months, not inside months—this is why the text says “they are not reckoned in the calculation of the year” when speaking about months: the 12 months are always 360 days exactly.

However, when the text later says that people make the mistake of not reckoning the four days, it is referring to the total length of the solar year, which must include those four days, because the true astronomical year in the Enochic system is 364 days and not 360.

Thus the warning is this: if someone counts only the months (12 × 30 = 360 days) and fails to add the four seasonal marker days (solstice and equinox days), they will produce a 360-day year, which the text insists is a false, mistaken year.

The text therefore distinguishes between reckoning for months (where the 4 days must be excluded) and reckoning for the whole year (where the 4 days must be included), and this double usage is exactly why the author warns that people err by not reckoning them—they forget to add them back in when computing the full year.

In short, the law is: Do NOT count the four days as part of the months, but DO count them when calculating the full year, because they are the cardinal days that anchor the seasons and complete the 364-day cycle.

People “make the mistake” by thinking that because the four days are not included in the months they should also not be included in the year, but the book insists this is wrong and that failing to reckon them ruins the accuracy of the calendar, its symmetry, the seasons, and the heavenly order. end of chat gpt part.

I have converted the 18 part day night cycle to 24 hours myself, and the solstices in Enoch are 18/6, 16/8 which are 50 degrees north or south of the equator. Enoch says God would come down south so he is writing north of Jerusalem in the pre flood world. The earths geography, topography, layout etc was different pre flood.
 

samaus123456789

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⭐ THE VERSE: “At night it appears … like a man”​


In 1 Enoch 78:17, the Ethiopic reads (in most manuscripts):


“At night it appears every twenty (days) like a man,
and at daytime like the sky because there is nothing else in it except its light.”

This sentence contains two ideas:


  1. “At night it appears … like a man.”
  2. During the day it looks like the sky (i.e., invisible).

So yes — the text does describe the moon as showing a human-like face.




⭐ WHAT DOES “LIKE A MAN” REFER TO?​


Assuming the text is describing real lunar appearance:


✔ It refers to the common visual impression that the full moon shows a face.​


Ancient cultures noticed:


  • The darker maria (lunar seas)
  • The brighter highlands
  • The arrangement looks like two eyes, a nose, and a mouth

This is so universal that:


  • Europeans called it the Man in the Moon
  • Jews sometimes said “the face of the moon”
  • Mesopotamians noted markings on the moon
  • Chinese saw a rabbit; others saw a man
  • Romans saw “the face of Selene”

Enoch 78:17 matches this universal observation.




⭐ WHY “EVERY TWENTY DAYS”?​


The text says:


every twenty (days) like a man”

This likely refers to the part of the lunar cycle where the moon’s illuminated portion resembles a face — this would be:


  • Waxing gibbous → full moon → waning gibbous

That segment lasts roughly 20 days (about two-thirds of the lunar month).


So the text is saying:


✔ During the part of the month when the moon is mostly lit, its markings resemble a human face.​




⭐ IS THIS A LITERAL DESCRIPTION?​


If we assume nothing in 1 Enoch is fictional, then:


✔ The text is reporting exactly what humans still see today —​


the facial-like pattern on the lunar near side.


This is not symbolic.
This is observational astronomy.
 
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