Not at all with music. There's music theory, reading, proficiency on the instruments, music history, music education, music production, etc.
Those still equate to a tangible skill. While not all of them will be practical skills, some would be.
I don't think the same is true of Philosophy, where a large part of what's being imparted under the banner of "teaching people to think critically" is being done in service of steering people toward a particular direction. (per the stats I cited earlier, with regards to how lopsided the ideological leanings are of professors and post grads in the philosophy department, the only other kind of institutions producing those types of lopsided numbers are churches -- where 80% of the people come out of it having nearly the exact same political/ideological leanings as the person who's instructing.
For 80% of the people taking the classes to walk away with the same views/opinions as the instructors on economics, politics, religion, sociological theory (things philosophy delves into quite a bit), would be like if 80% of all music theory post grads came out claiming to all prefer the same style of music and composers (that just so happened to be the ones their instructors preferred).
Critical thinking, formal logic, writing skills, world history including history of science. I understand that philosophy grads go on to law and business quite often.
If done through a specific lens, it can still be considered indoctrination. Over emphasis on certain things combined with selective omission of others can still create a situation where someone is "learning something" while being steered in one particular direction.
I'll use economics as an example here...as that's a field where there are multiple theories and variety of thought.
Let's take Robert Reich and Milton Friedman. Two guys who have differing thought, but comparable credentials (both Ivy League educated, both won various awards, both held teaching positions at various points in their career)
If you studied under the tutelage of either one of them, exclusively, without ever getting a lot of exposure to the other, while you'd certainly learn some things (as they both know/knew a lot), chances are your views would be skewed toward whatever they taught in terms of what they framed as favorable and unfavorable.
Now imagine the economics department at a college was 88% Reich's and only 7% Friedman's, and 5% 'others'...safe to say a lot of the students would come out with a specific set of values. Combine that with the fact that there was a cultural climate of it be portrayed as "uncool" for a person to admit that they were more of a fan of Friedman's theories (and it limited your ability be a part of social circles and got you ostracized and disinvited from social gatherings)
It would be fair to say what was happening was a bit of a indoctrination.
I dont believe he's associated with any academic philosophy program - neither as professor or student. But for the sake of argument, lets say he was. I think there's great value in people from a variety of pov's who've honed their capacity to step back and take a broad view of human experience - and then report what they've learned.
I think his formal degree (and previous professorships) were in psychology, but he delves quite a bit into the philosophical realm.
However, while one can make the statement you did (saying they're value in variety and considering a broadened view of the human experience), in practice, that's clearly not what's happening the world of academia.
In the 60's through the 90's, one could've accurately said that variety was plentiful and that attending would expand one's range and broaden their horizons. That doesn't appear to be what's happening today. It would seem as if the longer people stay in college, the more narrow their views get, and nowhere is that more apparent than in the philosophy departments.
Either one has to have the somewhat arrogant self-serving opinion that "my position is the organic, exclusive end result of learning and critical thinking" (we've all heard the tropes about "well if you educated yourself on the subject and thought it about it more, you'd agree with me")
There was a time when traditionally progressive colleges were doing things like hosting speeches and debates between the likes of George Lincoln Rockwell and Elijah Muhammed (polar extremes). Now, students are protesting and threatening to throw a temper tantrum if a college invites the likes of a Bill Maher or a Ben Shapiro to give a speech...or booing Mayor Adams and turning their backs on him while he speaks (because he only agrees with them on 85% of the issues instead of the full 100%). Or academics signing petitions to try to have podcasts taken down because someone allowed someone else access to the digital town square who they don't approve of.
That's not indicative of a group of people who've had their horizons broadened.
More and more, it would seem to that modern collegiate academia is increasing intolerant to differing viewpoints...even ones that are basically center-left ones like in the cases of Maher and Adams.