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The Stone God Couldn't Lift: A Paradox

2PhiloVoid

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No, you're missing the point. It isn't a matter of what is "possible." It is indeed a matter of logic. Can God make a four-sided three-sided figure? No, he cannot, because three-sided figures don't have four sides. "A rock so heavy an omnipotent God can't lift it" is simply semantic nonsense. Even God can't say "I am now going to make a rock so heavy I can't lift it" because then his omnipotence would go poof.

I agree with you, and my brief two cents on this is that I think people inflate their conceptualization and nature of the semantics of language, thinking that a statement somehow grabs a hold of reality and perfectly sticks to it rather than simply representing our best attempts to express human thoughts within the parameters of order.

We tend to think our words and our attempts at logic do more than they really do, and for Christians, some of this confusion comes into play because they take verses like John 6:63 and assume that it somehow replaces any and all that the field of human linguistics can tell us about the various uses, and abuses, of human language use. Christ's words may have that superlative, spiritual substance, but the rest of human language languishes, and we don't always realize this so we start crunching on made-up 'God Pretzels' and passing it off as philosophy.

But from addressing this issue with a more straigtforward approach, I generally like what Tim Barnett has had to say on this topic: :cool:

 
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2PhiloVoid

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No, you're missing the point. It isn't a matter of what is "possible." It is indeed a matter of logic. Can God make a four-sided three-sided figure? No, he cannot, because three-sided figures don't have four sides. "A rock so heavy an omnipotent God can't lift it" is simply semantic nonsense. Even God can't say "I am now going to make a rock so heavy I can't lift it" because then his omnipotence would go poof.

Oh, P.S. Welcome to Christian Forums! :cool:
 
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Fervent

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No, you're missing the point. It isn't a matter of what is "possible." It is indeed a matter of logic. Can God make a four-sided three-sided figure? No, he cannot, because three-sided figures don't have four sides. "A rock so heavy an omnipotent God can't lift it" is simply semantic nonsense. Even God can't say "I am now going to make a rock so heavy I can't lift it" because then his omnipotence would go poof.
It is a matter of what is possible, with logic being taken as what restricts possibilities. And its about how the idea of omnipotence is being defined, with aa prescriptive value rather than being defined apophatically. Omnipotence isn't aabout being more powerful on any sort of magnitude, but an entirely different category of might that is simply unimaginable for us. The supposed logic puzzle is meant to explore whether omnipotence is a sensible concept, but it is built on a misunderstanding of what it means for God to be omnipotent.
 
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AACJ

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Can an all-powerful God create a stone so heavy that even He cannot lift it? At first glance, it's a logic trap. If God can create such a stone, He cannot lift it—and is therefore not all-powerful. If He cannot create it, then He is also not all-powerful. The paradox seems unbreakable.

What if the answer has already been lived—in the person of Jesus?

A Paradox with Flesh and Blood​

Christian theology asserts something radically unique: that God voluntarily limited Himself and became fully human in the person of Jesus. This concept, called the Incarnation, is not just a doctrine of faith but a potential resolution to the omnipotence paradox.

In Jesus, God took on weakness. He got tired. He suffered. He died. These are not symbols or metaphors; they are core to the claim. The infinite became finite. The omnipotent allowed Himself to be bound.

And yet, Christians also believe that Jesus was still God during this limitation. That means God chose to become someone who could bleed. Someone who could fall. Someone who could be crushed by a stone He Himself created.

Self-Limitation Is Not Weakness—It Is Power​

What makes this answer profound is that it redefines what true power looks like. Power is not merely the ability to do anything at any time. Real power includes the ability to choose restraint.

God did not cease to be all-powerful by becoming man. He exercised His omnipotence by limiting Himself, for a purpose. This is not a contradiction. It is a richer form of strength—one that can hold back, one that can suffer willingly, one that can enter into the weakness of creation and still redeem it.

Can God Create a Stone He Cannot Lift?​

Yes.

But only because He chooses to. And only for as long as He chooses to. That stone was the weight of mortality, of suffering, of death itself. In Jesus, God carried it. He let it crush Him. And then, by His own will, He rose again—lifting not only the stone but the whole of creation with Him.

The paradox is not a flaw in logic. It's a glimpse into divine love.

The "stone paradox" misunderstands omnipotence by framing it as raw capability rather than purposeful sovereignty. As C.S. Lewis clarifies in The Problem of Pain, omnipotence means "power to do all that is intrinsically possible," not logical contradictions (Lewis, 1940). The Incarnation resolves this by demonstrating God’s power through voluntary limitation--not inability. Jesus, as God incarnate, chose to bear human frailty (Philippians 2:6-8), yet retained divine authority (Colossians 1:17). This comports with Alvin Plantinga’s defense in God, Freedom, and Evil: omnipotence includes the capacity for self-restraint (Plantinga, 1974). The "unliftable stone" was Christ’s cross--a weight He chose to carry and conquer (John 10:18).
 
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The Liturgist

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A more interesting question sometimes posed by serious philosophers is, "Can God ride a bicycle?" Think about it.

Yes, because God became incarnate in the person of His Only Begotten Son and Word, who dwelt among us, our Lord, God and Savior Jesus Christ, who is fully God and fully man, His divinity united with our humanity without change, confusion, separation or division, indeed Christ through His passion and by virtue of being the first-fruits of the Resurrection is the first fully human being*, as inadvertently attested to by Pontius Pilate (when he declared “Ecce homo”), who in His glory as the New Adam remade man in His image on the Sixth day before resting on the seventh and rising again on the First, which represents the Resurrection and the Life of the World to Come for those who believe on Him. Let there be light!

According to which, we have the theological principal of communicatio idiomatum, as a defense against the heresies of Nestorianism and Monophysitism (the heresy of Eutyches, not the Oriental Orthodox, who were falsely accused of Monophysitism, but who anathematized Eutyches and who like the Chalcedonians and the Church of the East after the reforms of Mar Babai the Great, shared the essential Christological confession, that Christ is fully God and fully Man, without change, confusion, separation and division. Thus, communicatio idiomatum, meaning the communication of idioms, or properties, means that we can speak of God being born, of God being among men, and most importantly, of the sacrifice and resurrection accomplished by God as the Son of Man; only God could save us from our sins, by becoming one of us, and by glorifying and sanctifying the entire human experience.

Thus if a bicycle had existed, God could have ridden upon it, for He did ride on a colt into Jerusalem.

There are some who would say “That wasn’t God, it was Jesus Christ”, but in saying this, they are making several critical errors and denying several of the most important parts of the New Testament, such as John chapter 1, which establishes the deity of Jesus Christ and His Humanity, and also of St. Paul, who declares that in Jesus Chris the fullness of the Godhead dwelled bodily” (Colossians 2:9), and indeed in the very prophetic name of Christ, Emanuel, which means “God with us.”

The Christological heresies created to try to avoid saying that God was present with us as a Man, for all the events in the Gospels, such as Docetism, Arianism, Nestorianism, Monophysitism and Unitarianism, are each equally disastrous in their own way, and contradict the above scriptures. The various docetic sects could not tolerate the idea of God becoming material, for they believed that all matter was evil, and that God must exist as a purely spiritual being, and therefore declared His humanity was illustory; the various ancient Proto-Unitarians such as the followers of Paul of Samosata and Lucian of Antioch, denied any deity in God in the case of Paul of Samosata, taking a view similiar to that of the Soccinians and the few remaining “Unitarian Christians” who have not embraced transcendentalism and abandoned a specifically Christian theology (which is now normal in Unitarian Universalist Association, and in the British Unitarians, which have an ever-declining number of actual unitarians), or of Arius, who claimed that Jesus Christ was a created being, only God honorifically, but not consubstantial, coeternal or coequal with the Father, thus making him a purely sacrificial victim and not the means by which God could glorify us through His incarnation, which directly contradicts John 1:1-14 and other scriptures to the extent that the Jehovah’s Witnesses, the largest neo-Arian cult, have had to produce their own translation of the Bible.

Nestorianism is more insidiuous, because it pretends to acknowledge the Incarnation and the Nicene Creed, while insisting upon a separation between the human Jesus and the divine Logos, so that they are either one person with two hypostases (that is to say, two completely separate foundations of reality) or two persons in a union of will. Monophysitism, as taught by Eutyches, not the Oriental Orthodox (the Coptic Orthodox, Syriac Orthodox, Indian Orthodox, Armenian Orthodox and Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox, for these churches anathematized Eutyches and have beliefs which it has been realized through ecumenical dialogue are compatible with Chalcedonian beliefs) results in a hybrid that is not fully God nor fully man, because the Monophysites say in an over-reaction to Nestorianism, that the human nature was dissolved into the divine nature like a drop of water into the ocean, but this creates a problem, since it results in Christ not being truly consubstantial with God or with mankind, but rather being a new thing, a hybrid of the two, and this led the Monophysites to embrace tritheism, so in a sense the modern day Monophysites are the Mormons.

We must jealously guard Christological Orthodoxy, through the Nicene Creed. Of great benefit is the hymn shared by Eastern and Oriental Orthodox, Ho Monogenes:

I will exalt You, O my Lord, the King, the Only-begotten Son and the Word of the heavenly Father, Who, by Your nature, are immortal. You accepted, by Your grace, and came down for the life and salvation of mankind, and did become incarnate of the holy, glorious and pure Virgin, Mother of God, Mary. Who without change did become a man and was crucified for us. O Christ our God, Who by Your death trampled our death and destroyed it. You Who are One of the Holy Trinity, and are worshiped and glorified in unity with Your Father and Your Holy Spirit, have compassion on us all.

*In recognition of this, St. Ignatius of Antioch, in writing to dissuade the Christians of Rome from trying to rescue him from the Coliseum, where, owing to his being arrested as the Patriarch of the Church in Antioch, he had been condemned to be fed to lions, a fate he eagerly desired. “Birth pangs are upon me! Suffer me to become human!”
 
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The Liturgist

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The "stone paradox" misunderstands omnipotence by framing it as raw capability rather than purposeful sovereignty. As C.S. Lewis clarifies in The Problem of Pain, omnipotence means "power to do all that is intrinsically possible," not logical contradictions (Lewis, 1940). The Incarnation resolves this by demonstrating God’s power through voluntary limitation--not inability. Jesus, as God incarnate, chose to bear human frailty (Philippians 2:6-8), yet retained divine authority (Colossians 1:17). This comports with Alvin Plantinga’s defense in God, Freedom, and Evil: omnipotence includes the capacity for self-restraint (Plantinga, 1974). The "unliftable stone" was Christ’s cross--a weight He chose to carry and conquer (John 10:18).

This is beautifully expressed in a manner consistent with the Early Church Fathers, with Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, and the traditional faith of the liturgical churches of Western Christianity, this shared faith being the basis for our reconciliation and reunification.

I am delighted to see it expressed by a non-denominational Christian, given that many non-denominational Christians do not express doctrine in terms which are compatible with those of either traditional liturgical Western Christians like CS Lewis, or the Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox, and also frequently worship in a manner very different from the shared liturgical style worship we all embrace.
 
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Sam91

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I think the question is flawed.

It is based on the physical realm and his is much more mighty than anything in this universe. Even an angel in the OT could smote 185,000 soldiers in a night in 2 Kings 15. We can't comprehend God's power as we are subject to this created realm while here on Earth.
 
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