Ok first - your question about Christ as our atoning Sacrifice paying our debt of sin (I love this topic) -- thanks for asking !
Good question.
Jesus paid "our debt" of the 2nd death (we all die our own first death) ..
Isaiah 53
5 But He
was wounded
for our transgressions,
He was bruised
for our iniquities;
The chastisement for our peace
was upon Him,
And by His stripes we are healed.
6 All we like sheep have gone astray;
We have turned, every one, to his own way;
And the
Lord has laid on Him the iniquity of us all.
...
8 He was taken from prison and from judgment,
And who will declare His generation?
For He was cut off from the land of the living;
For the transgressions of My people He was stricken.
...
10 Yet it pleased the Lord to bruise Him;
He has put
Him to grief.
When You
make His soul an offering for sin,
He shall see
His seed, He shall prolong
His days,
And the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in His hand.
11 He shall see the labor of His soul,
and be satisfied.
By His knowledge My righteous Servant shall justify many,
For He shall bear their iniquities.
1 John 2:2 NIV
2
He is the atoning sacrifice for
our sins, and not only for ours but also for the
sins of the whole world.
In God's system each sin has its own specific amount of torment and suffering due -- so some folks get many lashes of torment at the 2nd death and others "less" - depending on what they knew and did.
Luke 12
45 But suppose the servant says to himself, ‘My master is taking a long time in coming,’ and he then begins to beat the other servants, both men and women, and to eat and drink and get drunk. 46 The master of that servant will come on a day when he does not expect him and at an hour he is not aware of. He will cut him to pieces and assign him a place with the unbelievers.
47 “The
servant who knows the master’s will and does not get ready or does not do what the master wants will be
beaten with many blows. 48 But the
one who does not know and does things
deserving punishment will be beaten with
few blows. From everyone who has been given much, much will be demanded; and from the one who has been entrusted with much, much more will be asked.
Our "Certificate of debt" - the payment owed (like the speeding ticket with the fine specified) - is what is nailed to the cross.
Col 2: 13 When you were dead in your transgressions and the uncircumcision of your flesh, He made you alive together with Him, having forgiven us all our transgressions, 14 having canceled out the
certificate of debt consisting of decrees against us, which was hostile to us; and He has taken it out of the way, having
nailed it to the cross.
The "debt" consists of exact fines/decrees against us for each sin -- specifying the exact amount of torment and suffering owed for each one given our circumstances.
2 Cor 5
20 Therefore, we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God were making an appeal through us; we beg you on behalf of Christ, be reconciled to God. 21 He made Him who
knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, so that we might become the righteousness of God in Him.
Rom 8:
3 For what the Law could not do, weak as it was through the flesh, God
did: sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and
as an offering for sin, He condemned sin in the flesh,
======================
When the wicked are confronted with the lake of fire "second death" in Rev 20 -- it will not be a bunch of angry Roman soldiers standing there to punish the wicked.. it will not be Jews ready to condemn them... rather it will be the suffering and torment owed in the literal lake of fire and brimstone.
It is that supernatural torment owed - that was paid in full by Christ.