You don't know church history if you think there was no debate about the Papacy until the Reformation. I love the story about one church's Pope excommunicating the other church's Pope. I think that happened before the 1500's which would be the 16th century for one speaking truth.
And yet again I have to teach a Catholic their own doctrine on what the Church represents, body of baptized believers. This includes Protestants.
Catechism of the Catholic Church - IntraText
How can I trust who you say is head of the Church if you don't know who the Church is.
It is pure assumption that there is to be a Chair in the NT. But as has been posted already, Jesus destroyed the old priesthood and replaced it with himself, evidenced by the destruction of the temple. You don't need a Pope for judging and maintaining law and order in the church. This is the job of the elders as discussed by St. Paul.
And yet, Jesus is still the head and shepherd of these churches and the Holy Spirit even works in them. I guess Jesus can handle what you label as Chaos.
Do these other things not written divide the Church? Is there a tradition not written in scripture that is necessary for salvation? The whole point of the OP is to contrast what is clearly written with what is not. You seem to now agree it is not clearly shown in scripture. Jesus knew the future divide that would come because of this. If he wanted to save the Church a lot of grief he should have just stated it as clearly as the three other examples listed in the OP. I would say 99% of the Church agree to them.
If you would have read all my posts in this thread you would not have made such an untrue statement about my understanding of keys and thrones. The keys given is authority while on earth. The throne is a reward given to them at the renewal. And yet no Catholic has even made an attempt to explain away Jesus words of a throne "at the renewal of all things". Further none has explained how they only have one throne chair in the Vatican.
What you fail to refute is that the same authority/keys were given to others. Again, I never stated that Peter was not important in the early church or that he had special authority. In fact I think he was very special. He had the power to heal all with his shadow. He had the authority to write down scripture. This has not been repeated in any Pope.