In the New Testament, the people of God are called by the name “church.” The English word “church” can be used to describe both a local congregation or all Christians everywhere. In contemporary use, the word is also used to describe buildings and denominations. In these latter ways, the English word “church” does not exactly parallel the Greek word in the New Testament.
3 The word from which “church” is translated,
ekklasia, occurs 114 times in the New Testament.
4 No other word translates into the English word “church.” But the Greek word,
ekklasia was used in the New Testament period to describe more than the gatherings of Christians. The word was often used in Greek cities to refer to assemblies called to perform specific tasks. In Acts 7:38 and Hebrews 2:12,
ekklasia is used to describe Old Testament assemblies. Luke uses
ekklasia three times in Acts 19 to describe the riot which gathers in an amphitheater in Ephesus to deal with Paul.
5 The remaining 109 uses of the word in the New Testament refer to a Christian assembly.
Taken together, the images used in the New Testament present a rich theology of the church. The church is the people of God, the new creation, the fellowship and, of course, the body of Christ. In this fellowship are those people who have accepted and entered into the reign of God. This reign is not entered into by nations, or even families, but by individuals (see Mark 3:31-35; cf. Matt. 10:37).