Hi Nithavela,
I should thank you for your input and for challenging some of my assumptions. Your replies forced me to google some things, and I've learned some stuff. (I love it when that happens - even if I'm partially wrong!)
FIRST TIMERS
It seems the majority of American
State legislative members are first timers. Who teaches
them what to do? Are
these teachers of State representatives the rulers in the State legislators? In other words - if we are going to trust civil servants of some sort to guide "first timers" through States - some of which (like California) have populations larger than Australia(!) - then why not Federally?
FEDERAL IS DIFFERENT IN USA THAN AUSTRALIA
Apparently we have only something like 8% of our Federal Parliamentarians and Senators coming from State government or previous political experience. It seems to be much higher in the USA than Australia - more like 80%! So I grant there is a "political class" in America. As the New York Times
2019 says:-
"Only 20 percent of House members did not hold previous political office before entering Congress."
(The same article said the 116th Congress was only 60% - so 40% first timers.)
But is a
political class a good thing for representative democracy? Who are they representing? And why so many lawyers?
The NYT again:-
The United States does not grant titles of nobility. There are no lords, barons or dukes here. At least, not officially.
Unofficially, however, Congress is made up of people who have credentials and experiences vastly different from those of most citizens. Unofficially, considering education, career, family background and personal wealth, it seems that America has a ruling class — or at least a limited number of ways to enter the halls of power.
Here, we’ve traced the pre-congressional career of every House member in the 116th Congress, showing the narrow but well-trodden paths through prestigious schools, lucrative jobs and local political offices that led the latest crop of legislators to Capitol Hill.
The new House has a notable number of political novices, and more women and people of color than any Congress in history. But a majority of members, even the new ones, still made it to Washington by way of institutions and professions that are out of reach for most Americans.
More than 70 percent of House members were lawyers in private practice, businesspeople (including employees in insurance, banking, finance and real estate) or medical professionals. That work can inform the types of bills they introduce, according to research by Katie Francis, a faculty member at Western Governors University. Doctors sponsor more health care legislation, for example.
In part because Congress is filled with successful white-collar professionals, the House is much, much richer than the people it represents, and affluent politicians support legislation that benefits their own class at the expense of others. Wealthier legislators are, for instance, more likely to vote to repeal the estate tax.
“The rosy notion that lawmakers from business and professional backgrounds want what is best for everyone is seriously out of line with the realities of legislative decision-making in the United States,” wrote Nicholas Carnes, a Duke professor of public policy, in his book “White-Collar Government.”
EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL REQUIREMENTS
Lawyers are about 1% of the voting population - but a full THIRD of Congress! Now I get that we might need more than the average number of lawyers - as it's a good foundation for understanding how government works. But surely a civics diploma could do that? Sortition could require all candidates to have a bachelors degree and maybe a 6 month civics diploma - just to get on the roll. It might encourage more of the population to be engaged and learn about civics, which can't be a bad thing.
We could even have a system that selects from a broad range of representation, requiring a certain number of spots be filled by certain degree candidates. EG: Imagine if 10% were required to have degrees in each of the following - rather than every third politician being a lawyer!
So - all would be represented:-
- Law & Governance,
- Medicine & Health Sciences,
- Engineering & Technology,
- Natural & Environmental Sciences,
- Economics, Business & Finance,
- Education & Social Sciences,
- Agriculture & Food Systems,
- Arts, Humanities & Communication,
- Defence, Security & Public Safety,
- STEM Research & Advanced Sciences.
It's not about specifying which sub-branches of each - but generally to have a more balanced grouping.
In this way, Sortition could not only represent a fairer distribution of the University educated population, but also represent a fairer distribution of human knowledge! And that's just the politicians - that's BEFORE they then also call on experts qualified in the specific matters of the discussion of the day!